Table 3: Community (Spatial) Nutrition Environment Exposure and Diet Outcome
Results
Community FE
Exposure
Assessment
Self-Reported
Neighbourhood
Food Outlets
Author (year)
GIS-measured
distance/density of
various types of
food outlets from
home
An et al. (2012)
Jago et al. (2007)
Jennings et al.
(2011)
Laminchhane et al.
(2012),
Laska et al. (2010),
Pabayo et al.
(2012), Skidmore
et al. (2009)
Timperio et al.
(2008)
Fraser et al.
(2012), He et al.
(2012a; 2012b)
Timperio et al.,
(2009)
GIS-measured
distance/density of
only unhealthy
food (fast food
and/or
convenience) from
home
GIS-measured
distance/density of
only healthy food
(supermarkets)
from home
Food outlet audit
(observed) from
home/in town
GIS
distance/density of
food outlets from
school
Ding et al. (2012),
Ho et al. (2010),
Veugelers et al.
(2008),
Wang &Shi (2012)
At Least One
Positive
Association
An et al. (2012),
Buck et al. (2013),
Davis & Carpenter
(2009),
He et al. (2012a;
2012b),
Laska et al. (2010),
Smith et al. (2013),
Timperio et al.
(2009)
Results Opposite
from Expected
Ding et al. (2012),
Ho et al. (2010),
Veugelers et al.
(2008),
Wang & Shi
(2012)
An et al. (2012)
Jago et al. (2007),
Jennings et al.
(2011),
Laminchhane et al.
(2012),
Laska et al. (2010),
Pabayo et al.
(2012), Skidmore
et al. (2009),
Timperio et al.
(2008)
Fraser et al.
(2012), He et al.
(2012a; 2012b),
Jago et al. (2007)
Timperio et al.
(2008)
Fraser et al.
(2012),
Timperio et al.,
(2009)
Mushi-Brunt et al.
(2007)
Leung et al.
(2010), Longacre
et al. (2012)
Only Null
Associations
Mushi-Brunt et al.
(2007)
Leung et al.
(2010),
Longacre et al.
(2012)
An et al. (2012),
Buck et al.
(2013),
Davis & Carpenter
(2009),
He et al. (2012a;
2012b),
Smith et al. (2013)
Timperio et al.
(2009)
Laska et al.
(2010)
Smith et al.
(2013)