14
1442
MODERN PHYSICS
T
2
P
3
C
3
AIMS



To develop a basic knowledge about atomic structures, quantum mechanics and nuclear
transformation.
To develop through experiments an understanding of simple harmonic motion.
To develop through experiments an understanding of sound and light.
SHORT DESCRIPTION
Atomic structure; Wave properties of particles; Quantum mechanics; Solid state; Nuclear
transformation, Simple harmonic motion; Sound and light.
DETAIL DESCRIPTION
Theory :
1
Understand the concept of atomic structure.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
2
Understand the concept of particle properties of waves.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
3
Define nuclear atom.
State the Rutherford scattering formula.
Explain the electron orbits.
Describe the atomic spectra.
Explain the Bohr atom model.
State the meaning of the terms energy levels and spectra.
Explain the nuclear motion.
Mention the properties of electromagnetic waves.
Explain the blackbody radiation.
Describe properties of photon.
Explain the photo electric effect and quantum theory of light.
Describe the Einstein's photoelectric equation.
Understand the concept of wave properties of particles.
3.1
Mention the properties of a wave.
3.2
Describe the De Broglie waves.
3.3
Explain the terms phase and group velocities.
3.4
Describe the particle diffraction.
3.5
State the uncertainty principle I.
3.6
State the uncertainty principle II.
3.7
Mention the principles of laser and its applications.
15
4
Understand the concept of quantum mechanics.
4.1
Explain the quantum mechanics.
4.2
Explain the quantum numbers.
4.3
Explain the orbital quantum number.
4.4
Explain the magnetic quantum number.
4.5
Describe the tunnel and zeeman effect in quantum mechanics.
4.6
Identify the magic numbers of nucleus.
5
Understand the concept of solid state.
5.1
Define crystalline and amorphous solids.
5.2
Define crystal lattice and unit cell.
5.3
State different types of crystal systems.
5.4
Distinguish between crystalline and amorphous solids.
5.5
Explain the ionic crystals and crystal defects.
5.6
Explain the covalent crystals.
5.7
Describe the VAN DER WAALS bond and metallic bond.
5.8
Describe “the energy band structure of a solid determines whether it is a conductor,
an insulator or a semiconductor”.
5.9
Explain the term superconductivity.
5.10 Describe “the bound electron pairs : the key to superconductivity”.
6
Understand the concept of nuclear transformation.
6.1
Define Radioactivity.
6.2
Distinguish between Natural and Artificial Radioactivity.
6.3
Identify Radio active elements.
6.4
Describe properties of α,  and  rays.
6.5
Mention radio active decay.
6.6
List the classification of radio active decay.
6.7
Explain half life and radio active series.
6.8
Explain alpha decay, beta decay and gamma decay.
6.9
Describe nuclear reactions.
6.10 Explain nuclear fission.
7
Understand the concept of harmonic oscillators.
7.1
State the meaning of the term simple harmonic motion.
7.2
Explain the graphical representation of SHM.
7.3
Explain the differential equation of SHM.
7.4
Define average kinetic energy and total energy of a vibrating particle.
7.5
Explain the energy of vibration.
8
Understand the concept of resonant vibrations.
8.1
State the meaning of the terms free, undamped damped and forced vibration.
8.2
Explain the wave motion.
8.3
Mention the characteristics of wave equation.
8.4
Distinguish between transverse and longitudinal wave motion.
8.5
Describe the particle velocity and wave velocity.
16
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
Express the deduction of Newton’s formula for velocity of sound.
Describe the velocity of sound in water, air and solid.
Explain the stationary waves.
Mention the characteristics of stationary waves.
9
Understand the properties of sound.
9.1
State the meaning of the term doppler effect.
9.2
Explain the doppler effect in sound.
9.3
Mention the principles of operation of siren, tuning frock and gramophone.
9.4
Explain the acoustics and acoustic intensity.
9.5
Mention the factors affecting the acoustics of buildings.
9.6
State the meaning of the term ultrasonic.
10
Understand the concept of light theory.
10.1 State what is meant by the nature of light.
10.2 Explain theories of light
10.3 Identify visible light as a part of the electromagnetic spectrum and light travels at a
speed of 3 X 108 m/sec in a vacuum.
10.4 Explain range of wave length and source of electromagnetic waves
10.5 Give the application of electromagnetic waves.
10.6 Explain the coma effect and astigmatism effect of light.
10.7 Explain the chromatic aberration in a lens.
10.8 Describe the operation of photographic camera.
10.9 Identify the colors of thin films.
10.10 List the application of newtons ring.
Practical :
1.
Determine the wavelength of monochromatic light by Fresnel’s bi-prism.
2.
Determine the thickness of a very thin transparent plate.
3.
Determine the wavelength of monochromatic light by Michelson interferometer.
4.
Determine the speed of sound with the help of acoustic transducers.
5.
Determine the wavelengths of various spectral lines by a spectrometer using a plane
diffraction grating.
6.
Determine the radius of curvature of a lens by newtons rings.
7.
Study the variation of impedance of a given acoustic transducer as a function of frequency.
8.
Study the random nature of radioactive decay.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1.
2.
3.
4.
Concepts of Modern Physics

Introduction to Nuclear Physics
–
A Text Book of Sound
–
A Text Book of Optics
Arthur Beiser
Harald A. Enge
Brijlal
17
5.
–
Brijlal
–
Dr. Giasuddin Ahmed
Practical Physics