MEI Core 4
Vectors
Chapter Assessment
1. Find:
1 3
(i) 2
4 1
2 2
(ii) .
3 4
[2]
[2]
2 1
(iii) 1 . 3
0 2
[2]
2. (i) Work out the angle between the vectors:
2
3
(a)
and
1
2
(b)
2
1
and
1
2
4
3
[3]
[3]
2
1
1
2
(ii) Show that the lines r 1 λ 2 and r 3 μ 5 are perpendicular to
0
4
2
3
each other.
[3]
3. The points A, B and C have coordinates (2, -1), (3, 2) and (-4, 0) respectively.
(i) Write down the vectors AB , AC and BC .
[3]
(ii) Find BC .
[2]
(iii) Find ABC .
[3]
4. (i) Find the vector equation of the line joining A(2, -1, 0) to B(3, -2, -5).
(ii) Verify that A and B both lie on the plane 2 x 3 y z 7 .
(iii) Write down the vector equation of the line passing through A which is
perpendicular to the plane.
[3]
[2]
[2]
5. The points A, B and C have coordinates (2, -1, 3), (4, -2, 0) and (1, -5, 0)
respectively.
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MEI C4 Vectors Assessment solutions
1
1
(i) Work out AB. 1 and BC. 1 .
1
1
(ii) Find the Cartesian equation of the plane ABC.
[4]
[3]
2
4
6. Work out the coordinates of the point where the lines r λ and
1
3
5
2
[6]
r μ intersect.
3
1
7. The position vectors of A and B are as follows:
a i 2 j 3k
A:
b 2i 4 j k
B:
(i) Find the vector equation of the line AB.
(ii) The line AB meets the plane 6 x y 3z 13 0 at the point C.
Find the position vector of C.
[3]
[4]
Total 50 marks
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MEI C4 Vectors Assessment solutions
Solutions to Chapter Assessment
1.
1 3 2 3 5
(i) 2
4 1 8 1 7
2 2
(ii) . 2 2 ( 3) 4 4 ( 12) 8
3 4
2 1
(iii) 1 . 3 2 ( 1) 1 3 0 2 2 3 1
0 2
2. (i) Using the formula: cos
[2]
[2]
[2]
a.b
a b
2
(a) Let a a 2 2 ( 1)2 4 1 5
1
3
and b b 32 ( 2)2 9 4 13
2
2 3
also a.b . 2 3 ( 1) ( 2) 6 2 8
1 2
8
0.992... 7.13 to 3 s.f.
So cos
5 13
2
(b) Let a 1 a 2 2 1 2 42 4 1 16 21
4
1
and b 2 b 1 2 ( 2)2 3 2 1 4 9 14
3
[3]
2 1
also a.b 1 . 2 2 1 1 ( 2) 4 3 2 ( 2) 12 12
4 3
12
0.699... 45.6 to 3 s.f.
So cos
[3]
14 21
(ii) The lines are perpendicular if the angle between the two direction vectors is
90°. This means the dot (or scalar) product of the two direction vectors is 0.
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MEI C4 Vectors Assessment solutions
1 2
So 2 . 5 ( 1) 2 2 ( 5 ) 4 3 2 ( 10) 12 0
4 3
as required.
[3]
3 2 1
3. (i) AB OB OA
2 1 3
4 2 6
AC OC OA
0 1 1
4 3 7
BC OC OB
0 2 2
(ii) BC ( 7)2 ( 2)2 49 4 53
[3]
[2]
(iii) ABC is the angle between BC and BA
1
BA AB
3
Using the formula: cos
BC.BA
BC BA
7 1
BC.BA
. ( 7) ( 1) ( 2) ( 3) 7 6 13
2 3
BC 53 (from part (ii))
BA ( 1)2 ( 3)2 1 9 10
13
0.564... 55.6 to 3 s.f.
So cos
53 10
[3]
4. (i) The vector equation of a line is r OA AB
3 2 1
and AB OB OA 2 1 1
5 0 5
2
1
So the equation of the line is r 1 1
0
5
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MEI C4 Vectors Assessment solutions
(ii) Substitute the coordinates into the equation of the plane:
A(2, -1, 0): 2 2 3 ( 1) 0 4 3 7
B(3, -2, -5): 2 3 3 ( 2) ( 5 ) 6 6 5 7 as required.
[2]
(iii) A vector normal to the plane is found by the coefficients of x, y and z in the
2
equation of the plane ie. 3
1
2
2
So the equation is: r 1 3 .
0
1
[2]
4 2 2
5. (i) AB OB OA 2 1 1
0 3 3
1 2 1
AB. 1 1 . 1 2 1 3 0
1 3 1
1 4 3
BC OC OB 5 2 3
0 0 0
1 3 1
BC. 1 3 . 1 3 3 0 0
1 0 1
[4]
1
(ii) The vector 1 is perpendicular to two lines on the plane and so it must be
1
perpendicular to the plane.
The equation of the plane is r.n a.n
1 2 1
r. 1 1 . 1 2 1 3 6
1 3 1
So the Cartesian equation of the plane is x y z 6
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MEI C4 Vectors Assessment solutions
2
4 5
2
6. At intersection,
1
3 3
1
2 4 5 2
Reading across:
x:
1 3 3
y:
2 6 6 2
Multiply by 2:
2 4 5 2
+
2 6 6 2
+
2 1 21
x 2
4
Substitute 21 into r :
y 1
3
x 2
4 4
r 21
1
y 1
3 2 2
So the point of intersection is at (4, 2 21 ) .
2 1 1
7. (i) Direction vector is b a 4 2 6
1 3 4
1
1
The equation of the line is r 2 6 .
3
4
[6]
[3]
x 1
1
(ii) The line AB is: r y 2 6
z 3
4
So reading across: x 1
y 2 6
z 3 4
Substituting into the equation of the plane 6 x y 3z 13 0 :
6(1 ) ( 2 6 ) 3(3 4 ) 13 0
12 12 0
1
x 1
1 0
Substitute 1 into the line AB: r y 2 1 6 8
z 3
4 7
So the position vector of C is: c 8 j 7k
[4]
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