1.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

= 50 grams and H a
:

< 50 grams. You gather a simple random sample from the population and your sample estimate produces a p-value.
Which p-value produces more evidence against the null hypothesis.
a 0.85 b. 0.2 c. 0.07 d. 0.002
The smaller the p-value the more evidence against the null hypothesis.
2.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

= 1.29 l and H a
:

> 1.29 l. You gather a simple random sample from the population and your sample estimate produces a p-value.
Which p-value produces more evidence against the null hypothesis. a.
0.34 b. 0.12 c. 0.09 d. 0.01
The smaller the p-value the more evidence against the null hypothesis.
3.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

= 35 km and H a
:
 
35 km You gather a simple random sample from the population and your sample estimate produces a p-value.
Which p-value produces more evidence against the null hypothesis. a.
0.29 b. 0.22 c. 0.06 d. 0.04
The smaller the p-value the more evidence against the null hypothesis.
4.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

= 50 grams and H a
:

< 50 grams. You gather a simple random sample from the population and your sample estimate produces a p-value.
Which p-value produces more evidence against the null hypothesis. a.
0.85 b. 0.2 c. 0.07 d. 0.002
The smaller the p-value the more evidence against the null hypothesis.

5.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

= 78 ft and H a
:

< 78 ft. You gather a simple random sample from the population and your sample mean produces a value.
Which x value below produces more evidence against the null hypothesis. a.
79 ft b. 77.2 ft c. 62 ft d. 55.3 ft
The farther away the sample mean is away from the null mean, the effect, the more evidence we have against the null hypothesis.
6.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

= 45 mg/dl and H a
:
 
45 mg/dl. You gather a simple random sample from the population and your sample mean produces a value.
Which x value below produces more evidence against the null hypothesis. a.
35 mg/dl b. 48 mg/dl c. 57 mg/dl d. 40 mg/dl
The farther away the sample mean is away from the null mean, the effect, the more evidence we have against the null hypothesis
7.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

= 1050 mi and H a
:
 
1050 mi.
You gather a simple random sample from the population and your sample mean produces a value.
Which x value below produces more evidence against the null hypothesis. a.
940 mi b. 1210 mi c. 700 mil d. 1100 mi
The farther away the sample mean is away from the null mean, the effect, the more evidence we have against the null hypothesis
8.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

<

0.
True or False – The lower the p-value the more evidence against the null hypothesis.
True
9.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

<

0.
True or False – The closer the value of x is to

0
the more evidence we have against the null hypothesis.
False, the farther away the sample mean is away from the null mean, the effect, the more evidence we have against the null hypothesis

10.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

<

0
. You will reject the null hypothesis if the z test statistic is less than -2.32. What is the significance level?
P(Z < -2.32) = 0.0102, this is the significance level.
Using normsdist(-2.32) I get 0.0102, or using the TI-83 normalcdf(-10, -2.32)
11.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

≠

0
. You will reject the null hypothesis if the z test statistic is less than -2.32 or greater than 2.32. What is the significance level?
2P(Z < -2.32) = 2(0.0102)
= 0.0204
12.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

<

0
. You will reject the null hypothesis if the z test statistic is less than -3.02. What is the significance level?
P(Z < -3.02) = 0.0013, this is the significance level.
Using normsdist(-3.02) I get 0.0013, or using the TI-83 normalcdf(-10, -3.02)
13.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

>

0
. You will reject the null hypothesis if the z test statistic is greater than 2.05. What is the significance level?
P(Z > 2.05) = 0.0202, this is the significance level.
Using = 1 - normsdist(2.05) I get 0.0202, or using the TI-83 normalcdf(2.05, 10)
14.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

>

0
. You will reject the null hypothesis if the z test statistic is greater than 2.52. What is the significance level?
P(Z > 2.52) = 0.0059, this is the significance level.
Using = 1 - normsdist(2.52) I get 0.0059, or using the TI-83 normalcdf(2.52, 10)
15.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:
  
0
. You will reject the null hypothesis if the z test statistic is greater than 2.05 or less than -2.05. What is the significance level?
2P(Z > 2.05) = 2(0.0202)
= 0.0404
Using = 1 - normsdist(2.05) I get 0.0202, or using the TI-83 normalcdf(2.05, 10)

16.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:
  
0
. You will reject the null hypothesis if the z test statistic is greater than 2.52 or less than -2.52. What is the significance level?
2 P(Z > 2.52) = 2(0.0059), this is the significance level.
= 0.0118.
Using = 1 - normsdist(2.52) I get 0.0059, or using the TI-83 normalcdf(2.52, 10)
17.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

>

0
. The test is run and your calculate a value of the sample mean of x . The graph below corresponds to the distribution of all possible sample means assuming the null hypothesis is correct. Label the boxes with the appropriate symbols corresponding to the significance test. Fill in the missing values below. Label the area corresponding to the p-value.
18.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

>

0
. You will reject the null hypothesis if X > x c
, x-bar critical. The graph below corresponds to the distribution of all possible sample means assuming the null hypothesis is correct. Label the boxes with the appropriate symbols corresponding to the significance test. Fill in the missing values below. Label the area corresponding to the significance level.

19.
True or False – You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

>

0.
The test results in not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis. Then this implies the null hypothesis is true.
False. We can never prove the hypothesis is true using a significance test. All we can say is that we failed to show evidence against it. The null hypothesis starts with an assumption as to the value of the parameter. There might be good reasons for choosing this value.
Using a murder trial scenario, the U.S. the legal system starts out with the assumption of innocence (this is the null hypothesis). The football player OJ Simpson was found innocent of his wife’s death; not enough evidence was found to go against the assumption of innocence.
This was a controversial decision since many people believe he did murder his wife, meaning he is not innocent of the crime. Regardless of your opinion, the legal system will continue to assume he is innocent of the crime and thus he was released.
20.
You are going to run a significance test in which H
0
:

=

0
and H a
:

>

0
. The symbol x c represents the location of the critical value, while the symbol x represents the sample mean calculated from the data. a.
Shade the area that corresponds to p-value. b.
Shade the area that corresponds to α, the significance level. c.
According to the graph do we have enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis for the given level of significance?
No since if we look at the areas, the p-value is greater than the significance level.