Chapter 17 iClicker Questions
1. Nonparametric tests differ from parametric tests in that they are: a) statistical tests that are not based on a set of assumptions about the population. b) not statistical tests. c) not hypothesis tests. d) statistical tests that are simple to perform and can even be conducted in the absence of computers.
2. What are three circumstances in which we commonly use a nonparametric test? a) when the dependent variable is interval, the independent variable is ratio, and the sample size is large b) when the dependent variable is ratio, the independent variable is nominal, and the independent and dependent variables are continuous c) when the dependent variable is nominal, either the independent variable or dependent variable is ordinal, and when the sample size is small and an underlying population distribution is suspected to be skewed d) when the independent variable is categorical, the dependent variable is ordinal, and the distribution is positively skewed.
3. A chi-square test is symbolized as which of the following? a) Chi 2 b) χ 2 c) X i
Sq d) Q 2
4. When a research design involves one nominal variable, what nonparametric hypothesis test is used? a) the chi-square test for goodness-of-fit b) the effect size statistic c) the chi-square test for independence d) the proportionate reduction in error
5. Your textbook lists six steps for conducting a Chi Square goodness of fit test. The first three of these steps are listed below. Which one does not belong? a) Identify the populations, distributions, and assumptions. b) State the null and research hypotheses. c) Randomly assign participants to groups. d) Determine the characteristics of the comparison distribution.
6. Your textbook lists six steps for conducting a Chi Square goodness of fit test. The last three of these steps are listed below. Which one does not belong? a) Only use observed frequencies, discard expected frequencies. b) Determine the critical values, or cutoffs.

c) Calculate the test statistic. d) Make a decision.
7. When a research design involves two nominal variables, what nonparametric hypothesis test is used? a) the chi-square test for goodness-of-fit b) the effect size statistic c) the chi-square test for independence d) the proportionate reduction in error
8. When computing our chi-square statistic, we calculate the difference between what two values? a) the observed and the expected frequency b) the mean and the standard deviation c) the mean and the median d) the effect size and the sample size
9. For a chi-square test of independence, we calculate the degrees of freedom using which formula? a) dfχ 2 = (k – 1)(k+1) / 2 b) dfχ = ∑ (X – 1)/N+1 c) dfχ 2 = (X – μ) / N d) dfχ 2 = (k row
– 1)(k column
– 1)
10. ______________________ is the standard effect size used for the chi-square test for independence. a) Delta b) Standardized coefficient c) Cramer’s V d) Eta squared
11. The difference between the observed frequency and the expected frequency for a cell in a chi-square research design is called a(n): a) relative risk. b) cramer’s V. c) goodness of fit. d) adjusted standardized residual .