Circulatory System, Blood, Heart & Heartbeat
1 The ABO blood group system has four blood groups. What are these four groups?
A / B / AB / O
2 Name the chamber of the heart that receives blood back from the lungs.
Left atrium (auricle)
3 What is the role of valves in the heart?
To prevent backflow (of blood)
4 Suggest a reason why it is important to know a person’s blood group.
Transfusion / to avoid reaction by mother to foetus / to prevent loss of foetus
5 Name the blood vessel that brings blood from the heart to the body.
Aorta
6 How does a portal vein differ from other veins?
Capillaries at both ends / joins two organs/ two named organs
7 The wall of capillaries is only one cell thick. How is this related to their function?
Substances can diffuse easily/ in and out of blood / tissues/less fat content
8 Which has the bigger lumen (cavity), an artery or a vein?
Vein
9 Why are valves not needed in arteries?
Blood is under pressure / blood from heart / blood pumped
10 Valves are present in veins. What is their function?
To prevent back flow of blood
11 Name the major blood vessels that carry blood 1. from the heart to the lungs 2. from
the lungs to the heart.
1. Pulmonary artery; 2. Pulmonary vein
12 Name two types of cell found in the blood and give a function for each of them.
Red blood cell / carries oxygen (also carries carbon dioxide); White blood cell /
defence; Note: (allow Platelet / Blood Clotting )
Page 1 of 19
13 Name the liquid part of the blood.
Plasma
14 What is blood plasma? Give a role for blood plasma.
Plasma: blood without cells / watery liquid part of blood; Role: carries dissolved
substances / named substance / waste / hormones / gases / blood clotting agent / water /
antibodies / proteins / inorganic salts / fibrinogen / CO2 /
Bicarbonate / Heat
15 State the results of your investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate
Increases / comment on return to normal / different
16 Describe how you conducted the investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate
after the period of rest
/Exercise / description of exercise/ increased exercise/ pulse measured/ repeat/ average /
compare / record / result
17 Different lifestyle factors have an effect on the health of our circulatory system. Name
any two of these factors.
Any two factors
18 Give two factors which cause an increase in heart rate.
e.g. Exercise / anxiety / drugs / infection
19 Why is the wall of the right ventricle thicker than the wall of the left ventricle?
Blood from the left ventricle must be pumped further / greater pressure
20 Name the arteries that supply the heart wall with blood.
Coronary / Cardiac
21 Give the precise location of the heart in the human body.
Thorax
22 The lymphatic system is another series of vessels carrying fluid in the body. Give any
two functions of the lymphatic system.
Returns fluid to blood / transport / lymphocytes (Immunity)
23 Name the blood vessels that bring this blood back from the lungs.
Pulmonary vein
24 How did you measure the pulse?
Page 2 of 19
Method described /count number of pulses /per unit time OR sensor (data logger)
25 At the start of the investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate of a human
you asked the person who was about to do the exercise to sit down for a few minutes.
Explain the purpose of this.
Comparison /control / resting / normal
26 What is the role of the bicuspid valve?
Stops back flow (of blood) / blood from atrium to ventricle
27 Give one reason why the wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall of the right
ventricle.
Pumps further/ maintains blood pressure / greater activity
28 Is the blood in the Aorta oxygenated or deoxygenated?
Oxygenated
29 What is the average resting human heart rate?
69 – 75
30 Name two substances that are dissolved in the liquid part of blood.
Products of digestion - glucose, amino acids, glycerol, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins;
waste products - carbon dioxide, urea, uric acid; hormones - e.g. insulin, thyroxine,
testosterone; plasma proteins - albumen, fibrinogen, prothrombin; antibodies - proteins
which destroy pathogens; enzymes – thrombin; salts - e.g. NaCl, sodium bicarbonate
31 How did you measure the pulse resting rate?
Use pulse monitor / read result in bpm or use of finger or wrist (radial pulse) / use timer
or calculate in bpm / observe / count / repeat / average / record
32 State a possible effect of smoking on the pulse resting rate
Raises rate
33 Answer the following in relation to the dissection of a heart. (i) What instrument did
you use for the dissection? (ii) Describe how you carried out the dissection.
(i) Scalpel / blade / scissors / knife; (ii) Ventral side up (identify left and right)/ section
or words to that effect / expose left ventricle / expose right ventricle /section to show
aorta) / pinning back/ [allow one] safety precaution
34 The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the alimentary canal to the …
Liver
35 Name the upper chambers of the heart.
Page 3 of 19
Atria / allow Auricle
36 Name two common blood-grouping systems.
ABO and Rhesus
37 Describe how you investigated the effect of exercise on the pulse rate.
(Measure) resting rate/ description of exercise/ measure rate during (or immediately
after) exercise/ repeat / compare or state result / record
38 State one function of the liquid part of blood.
Hold ‘cells’ and dissolved substances
39 What is the average pulse rate at rest?
65 to 79 bpm
40 Name the liquid part of blood.
Plasma
41 Name the artery that supplies the heart muscle with blood.
Coronary (artery)
42 What is the function of the bicuspid valve?
Prevent backflow of blood from left ventricle to left auricle (atrium)
43 To where does the pulmonary artery carry blood?
Lungs
44 State one factor that decreases heart rate and one factor that increases it.
Decrease: sleep / drugs (sedatives); Increase: fear (fright) / exercise
45 What is the average resting rate of the human heart in beats per minute?
65 to 79 bpm
46 Blood contains red cells and white cells. State one function for each of these.
Red: transports oxygen; White: protection against disease
47 Explain why the walls of the lower chambers of the heart are thicker than the walls of
the upper chambers.
They pump
48 Give two components of plasma.
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Any two
49 Give the function of (i) Red blood cells (ii) White blood cells (iii) Platelets.
(i) Transport O2 / CO2; (ii) e.g. to make antibodies; (iii) e.g. Blood Clotting
50 Name the blood vessel referred to in each of the following cases: (i) The vein connected
to the lungs (ii) The artery connected to the kidneys (iii) The vein that joins the
intestine to the liver.
(i) Pulmonary (vein); (ii) Renal (artery); (iii) Hepatic Portal (vein)
51 What structure(s) protects the heart?
Rib cage
52 Name the following blood vessels: 1. the vessels that carry blood from the aorta to the
kidneys. 2. the vessels that
supply the heart’s muscle with blood.
1. renal (arteries); 2. coronary or cardiac (arteries)
53 Name the valve between the upper and lower chambers on the left-hand side.
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
54 Name the liquid part of blood.
Plasma
55 Name the blood vessels that bring oxygen to the heart muscle.
Coronary (arteries) / allow cardiac
56 The ABO blood group system has four blood groups. What are these four groups?
A / B / AB / O
57 Name the chamber of the heart that receives blood back from the lungs.
Left atrium (auricle)
58 What is the role of valves in the heart?
To prevent backflow (of blood)
59 Suggest a reason why it is important to know a person’s blood group.
Transfusion / to avoid reaction by mother to foetus / to prevent loss of foetus
60 Name the blood vessel that brings blood from the heart to the body.
Page 5 of 19
Aorta
61 How does a portal vein differ from other veins?
Capillaries at both ends / joins two organs/ two named organs
62 The wall of capillaries is only one cell thick. How is this related to their function?
Substances can diffuse easily/ in and out of blood / tissues/less fat content
63 Which has the bigger lumen (cavity), an artery or a vein?
Vein
64 Why are valves not needed in arteries?
Blood is under pressure / blood from heart / blood pumped
65 Valves are present in veins. What is their function?
To prevent back flow of blood
66 Name the major blood vessels that carry blood 1. from the heart to the lungs 2. from
the lungs to the heart.
1. Pulmonary artery; 2. Pulmonary vein
67 Name two types of cell found in the blood and give a function for each of them.
Red blood cell / carries oxygen (also carries carbon dioxide); White blood cell /
defence; Note: (allow Platelet / Blood Clotting)
68 Name the liquid part of the blood.
Plasma
69 What is blood plasma? Give a role for blood plasma.
Plasma: blood without cells / watery liquid part of blood; Role: carries dissolved
substances / named substance / waste / hormones / gases / blood clotting agent / water /
antibodies / proteins / inorganic salts / fibrinogen / CO2 / Bicarbonate / Heat
70 State the results of your investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate
Increases / comment on return to normal / different
71 Describe how you conducted the investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate
after the period of rest
Exercise / description of exercise/ increased exercise/ pulse measured/ repeat/ average /
compare / record / result
72 Different lifestyle factors have an effect on the health of our circulatory system. Name
Page 6 of 19
any two of these factors.
Any two factors
73 Give two factors which cause an increase in heart rate.
e.g. Exercise / anxiety / drugs / infection
74 Why is the wall of the right ventricle thicker than the wall of the left ventricle?
Blood from the left ventricle must be pumped further / greater pressure
75 Name the arteries that supply the heart wall with blood.
Coronary / Cardiac
76 Give the precise location of the heart in the human body.
Thorax
77 The lymphatic system is another series of vessels carrying fluid in the body. Give any
two functions of the lymphatic system.
Returns fluid to blood / transport / lymphocytes (Immunity)
78 Name the blood vessels that bring this blood back from the lungs.
Pulmonary vein
79 How did you measure the pulse?
Method described /count number of pulses /per unit time OR sensor (data logger)
80 At the start of the investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate of a human
you asked the person who was about to do the exercise to sit down for a few minutes.
Explain the purpose of this.
Comparison /control / resting / normal
81 What is the role of the bicuspid valve?
Stops back flow (of blood) / blood from atrium to ventricle
82 Give one reason why the wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall of the right
ventricle.
Pumps further/ maintains blood pressure / greater activity
83 Is the blood in the Aorta oxygenated or deoxygenated?
Oxygenated
84 What is the average resting human heart rate?
Page 7 of 19
69 – 75
85 Name two substances that are dissolved in the liquid part of blood.
Products of digestion - glucose, amino acids, glycerol, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins;
waste products - carbon dioxide, urea, uric acid; hormones - e.g. insulin, thyroxine,
testosterone; plasma proteins - albumen, fibrinogen, /prothrombin; antibodies - proteins
which destroy pathogens; enzymes – thrombin; salts - e.g. NaCl, sodium bicarbonate
86 How did you measure the pulse resting rate?
Use pulse monitor / read result in bpm or use of finger or wrist (radial pulse) / use timer
or calculate in bpm / observe / count / repeat / average / record
87 State a possible effect of smoking on the pulse resting rate
Raises rate
88 Answer the following in relation to the dissection of a heart. (i) What instrument did
you use for the dissection? (ii) Describe how you carried out the dissection.
(i) Scalpel / blade / scissors / knife; (ii) Ventral side up (identify left and right)/ section
or words to that effect / expose left ventricle / expose right ventricle /section to show
aorta) / pinning back/ [allow one] safety precaution
89 The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the alimentary canal to the …
Liver
90 Name the upper chambers of the heart.
Atria / allow Auricle
91 Name two common blood-grouping systems.
ABO and Rhesus
92 Describe how you investigated the effect of exercise on the pulse rate.
(Measure) resting rate/ description of exercise/ measure rate during (or immediately
after) exercise/ repeat / compare or state result / record
93 State one function of the liquid part of blood.
Hold ‘cells’ and dissolved substances
94 What is the average pulse rate at rest?
65 to 79 bpm
95 Name the liquid part of blood.
Plasma
Page 8 of 19
96 Name the artery that supplies the heart muscle with blood.
Coronary (artery)
97 What is the function of the bicuspid valve?
Prevent backflow of blood from left ventricle to left auricle (atrium)
98 To where does the pulmonary artery carry blood?
Lungs
99 State one factor that decreases heart rate and one factor that increases it.
Decrease: sleep / drugs (sedatives); Increase: fear (fright) / exercise
100 What is the average resting rate of the human heart in beats per minute?
65 to 79 bpm
101 Blood contains red cells and white cells. State one function for each of these.
Red: transports oxygen; White: protection against disease
102 Explain why the walls of the lower chambers of the heart are thicker than the walls of
the upper chambers.
They pump
103 Give two components of plasma.
Any two
104 Give the function of (i) Red blood cells (ii) White blood cells (iii) Platelets.
(i) Transport O2 / CO2; (ii) e.g. to make antibodies; (iii) e.g. Blood Clotting
105 Name the blood vessel referred to in each of the following cases: (i) The vein connected
to the lungs (ii) The artery connected to the kidneys (iii) The vein that joins the
intestine to the liver.
(i) Pulmonary (vein); (ii) Renal (artery); (iii) Hepatic Portal (vein)
106 What structure(s) protects the heart?
Rib cage
107 Name the following blood vessels: 1. the vessels that carry blood from the aorta to the
kidneys. 2. the vessels that supply the heart’s muscle with blood.
1. renal (arteries); 2. coronary or cardiac (arteries)
108 Name the valve between the upper and lower chambers on the left-hand side.
Page 9 of 19
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
109 Name the liquid part of blood.
Plasma
110 Name the blood vessels that bring oxygen to the heart muscle.
Coronary (arteries) / allow cardiac
111 The ABO blood group system has four blood groups. What are these four groups?
A / B / AB / O
112 Name the chamber of the heart that receives blood back from the lungs.
Left atrium (auricle)
113 What is the role of valves in the heart?
To prevent backflow (of blood)
114 Suggest a reason why it is important to know a person’s blood group.
Transfusion / to avoid reaction by mother to foetus / to prevent loss of foetus
115 Name the blood vessel that brings blood from the heart to the body.
Aorta
116 How does a portal vein differ from other veins?
Capillaries at both ends / joins two organs/ two named organs
117 The wall of capillaries is only one cell thick. How is this related to their function?
Substances can diffuse easily/ in and out of blood / tissues/less fat content
118 Which has the bigger lumen (cavity), an artery or a vein?
Vein
119 Why are valves not needed in arteries?
Blood is under pressure / blood from heart / blood pumped
120 Valves are present in veins. What is their function?
To prevent back flow of blood
121 Name the major blood vessels that carry blood 1. from the heart to the lungs 2. from
the lungs to the heart.
Page 10 of 19
1. Pulmonary artery; 2. Pulmonary vein
122 Name two types of cell found in the blood and give a function for each of them.
Red blood cell / carries oxygen (also carries carbon dioxide); White blood cell /
defence; Note: (allow Platelet / Blood Clotting)
123 Name the liquid part of the blood.
Plasma
124 What is blood plasma? Give a role for blood plasma.
Plasma: blood without cells / watery liquid part of blood; Role: carries dissolved
substances / named substance / waste / hormones / gases / blood clotting agent / water /
antibodies / proteins / inorganic salts / fibrinogen / CO2 / Bicarbonate / Heat
125 State the results of your investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate
Increases / comment on return to normal / different
126 Describe how you conducted the investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate
after the period of rest
Exercise / description of exercise/ increased exercise/ pulse measured/ repeat/ average /
compare / record / result
127 Different lifestyle factors have an effect on the health of our circulatory system. Name
any two of these factors.
Any two factors
128 Give two factors which cause an increase in heart rate.
e.g. Exercise / anxiety / drugs / infection
129 Why is the wall of the right ventricle thicker than the wall of the left ventricle?
Blood from the left ventricle must be pumped further / greater pressure
130 Name the arteries that supply the heart wall with blood.
Coronary / Cardiac
131 Give the precise location of the heart in the human body.
Thorax
132 The lymphatic system is another series of vessels carrying fluid in the body. Give any
two functions of the lymphatic system.
Returns fluid to blood / transport / lymphocytes (Immunity)
Page 11 of 19
133 Name the blood vessels that bring this blood back from the lungs.
Pulmonary vein
134 How did you measure the pulse?
Method described /count number of pulses /per unit time OR sensor (data logger)
135 At the start of the investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate of a human
you asked the person who was about to do the exercise to sit down for a few minutes.
Explain the purpose of this.
Comparison /control / resting / normal
136 What is the role of the bicuspid valve?
Stops back flow (of blood) / blood from atrium to ventricle
137 Give one reason why the wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall of the right
ventricle.
Pumps further/ maintains blood pressure / greater activity
138 Is the blood in the Aorta oxygenated or deoxygenated?
Oxygenated
139 What is the average resting human heart rate?
69 – 75
140 Name two substances that are dissolved in the liquid part of blood.
Products of digestion - glucose, amino acids, glycerol, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins;
waste products - carbon dioxide, urea, uric acid; hormones - e.g. insulin, thyroxine,
testosterone; plasma proteins - albumen, fibrinogen, prothrombin; antibodies - proteins
which destroy pathogens; enzymes – thrombin; salts - e.g. NaCl, sodium bicarbonate
141 How did you measure the pulse resting rate?
Use pulse monitor / read result in bpm or use of finger or wrist (radial pulse) / use timer
or calculate in bpm / observe / count / repeat / average / record
142 State a possible effect of smoking on the pulse resting rate
Raises rate
143 Answer the following in relation to the dissection of a heart. (i) What instrument did
you use for the dissection? (ii) Describe how you carried out the dissection.
(i) Scalpel / blade / scissors / knife; (ii) Ventral side up (identify left and right)/ section
or words to that effect / expose left ventricle / expose right ventricle /section to show
aorta) / pinning back/ [allow one] safety precaution
Page 12 of 19
144 The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the alimentary canal to the …
Liver
145 Name the upper chambers of the heart.
Atria / allow Auricle
146 Name two common blood-grouping systems.
ABO and Rhesus
147 Describe how you investigated the effect of exercise on the pulse rate.
(Measure) resting rate/ description of exercise/ measure rate during (or immediately
after) exercise/ repeat / compare or state result / record
148 State one function of the liquid part of blood.
Hold ‘cells’ and dissolved substances
149 What is the average pulse rate at rest?
65 to 79 bpm
150 Name the liquid part of blood.
Plasma
151 Name the artery that supplies the heart muscle with blood.
Coronary (artery)
152 What is the function of the bicuspid valve?
Prevent backflow of blood from left ventricle to left auricle (atrium)
153 To where does the pulmonary artery carry blood?
Lungs
154 State one factor that decreases heart rate and one factor that increases it.
Decrease: sleep / drugs (sedatives); Increase: fear (fright) / exercise
155 What is the average resting rate of the human heart in beats per minute?
65 to 79 bpm
156 Blood contains red cells and white cells. State one function for each of these.
Red: transports oxygen; White: protection against disease
Page 13 of 19
157 Explain why the walls of the lower chambers of the heart are thicker than the walls of
the upper chambers.
They pump
158 Give two components of plasma.
Any two
159 Give the function of (i) Red blood cells (ii) White blood cells (iii) Platelets.
(i) Transport O2 / CO2; (ii) e.g. to make antibodies; (iii) e.g. Blood Clotting
160 Name the blood vessel referred to in each of the following cases: (i) The vein connected
to the lungs (ii) The artery connected to the kidneys (iii) The vein that joins the
intestine to the liver.
(i) Pulmonary (vein); (ii) Renal (artery); (iii) Hepatic Portal (vein)
161 What structure(s) protects the heart?
Rib cage
162 Name the following blood vessels: 1. the vessels that carry blood from the aorta to the
kidneys. 2. the vessels that supply the heart’s muscle with blood.
1. renal (arteries); 2. coronary or cardiac (arteries)
163 Name the valve between the upper and lower chambers on the left-hand side.
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
164 Name the liquid part of blood.
Plasma
165 Name the blood vessels that bring oxygen to the heart muscle.
Coronary (arteries) / allow cardiac
166 The ABO blood group system has four blood groups. What are these four groups?
A / B / AB / O
167 Name the chamber of the heart that receives blood back from the lungs.
Left atrium (auricle)
168 What is the role of valves in the heart?
To prevent backflow (of blood)
169 Suggest a reason why it is important to know a person’s blood group.
Page 14 of 19
Transfusion / to avoid reaction by mother to foetus / to prevent loss of foetus
170 Name the blood vessel that brings blood from the heart to the body.
Aorta
171 How does a portal vein differ from other veins?
Capillaries at both ends / joins two organs/ two named organs
172 The wall of capillaries is only one cell thick. How is this related to their function?
Substances can diffuse easily/ in and out of blood / tissues/less fat content
173 Which has the bigger lumen (cavity), an artery or a vein?
Vein
174 Why are valves not needed in arteries?
Blood is under pressure / blood from heart / blood pumped
175 Valves are present in veins. What is their function?
To prevent back flow of blood
176 Name the major blood vessels that carry blood 1. from the heart to the lungs 2. from
the lungs to the heart.
1. Pulmonary artery; 2. Pulmonary vein
177 Name two types of cell found in the blood and give a function for each of them.
Red blood cell / carries oxygen (also carries carbon dioxide); White blood cell /
defence; Note: (allow Platelet / Blood Clotting)
178 Name the liquid part of the blood.
Plasma
179 What is blood plasma? Give a role for blood plasma.
Plasma: blood without cells / watery liquid part of blood; Role: carries dissolved
substances / named substance / waste / hormones / gases / blood clotting agent / water /
antibodies / proteins / inorganic salts / fibrinogen / CO2 / Bicarbonate / Heat
180 State the results of your investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate
Increases / comment on return to normal / different
181 Describe how you conducted the investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate
after the period of rest
Page 15 of 19
Exercise / description of exercise/ increased exercise/ pulse measured/ repeat/ average /
compare / record / result
182 Different lifestyle factors have an effect on the health of our circulatory system. Name
any two of these factors.
Any two factors
183 Give two factors which cause an increase in heart rate.
e.g. Exercise / anxiety / drugs / infection
184 Why is the wall of the right ventricle thicker than the wall of the left ventricle?
Blood from the left ventricle must be pumped further / greater pressure
185 Name the arteries that supply the heart wall with blood.
Coronary / Cardiac
186 Give the precise location of the heart in the human body.
Thorax
187 The lymphatic system is another series of vessels carrying fluid in the body. Give any
two functions of the lymphatic system.
Returns fluid to blood / transport / lymphocytes (Immunity)
188 Name the blood vessels that bring this blood back from the lungs.
Pulmonary vein
189 How did you measure the pulse?
Method described /count number of pulses /per unit time OR sensor (data logger)
190 At the start of the investigation of the effect of exercise on the pulse rate of a human
you asked the person who was about to do the exercise to sit down for a few minutes.
Explain the purpose of this.
Comparison /control / resting / normal
191 What is the role of the bicuspid valve?
Stops back flow (of blood) / blood from atrium to ventricle
192 Give one reason why the wall of the left ventricle is thicker than the wall of the right
ventricle.
Pumps further/ maintains blood pressure / greater activity
193 Is the blood in the Aorta oxygenated or deoxygenated?
Page 16 of 19
Oxygenated
194 What is the average resting human heart rate?
69 – 75
195 Name two substances that are dissolved in the liquid part of blood.
Products of digestion - glucose, amino acids, glycerol, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins;
waste products - carbon dioxide, urea, uric acid; hormones - e.g. insulin, thyroxine,
testosterone; plasma proteins - albumen, fibrinogen, prothrombin; antibodies - proteins
which destroy pathogens; enzymes – thrombin; salts - e.g. NaCl, sodium bicarbonate
196 How did you measure the pulse resting rate?
Use pulse monitor / read result in bpm or use of finger or wrist (radial pulse) / use timer
or calculate in bpm / observe / count / repeat / average / record
197 State a possible effect of smoking on the pulse resting rate
Raises rate
198 Answer the following in relation to the dissection of a heart. (i) What instrument did
you use for the dissection? (ii) Describe how you carried out the dissection.
(i) Scalpel / blade / scissors / knife; (ii) Ventral side up (identify left and right)/ section
or words to that effect / expose left ventricle / expose right ventricle /section to show
aorta) / pinning back/ [allow one] safety precaution
199 The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the alimentary canal to the …
Liver
200 Name the upper chambers of the heart.
Atria / allow Auricle
201 Name two common blood-grouping systems.
ABO and Rhesus
202 Describe how you investigated the effect of exercise on the pulse rate.
(Measure) resting rate/ description of exercise/ measure rate during (or immediately
after) exercise/ repeat / compare or state result / record
203 State one function of the liquid part of blood.
Hold ‘cells’ and dissolved substances
204 What is the average pulse rate at rest?
65 to 79 bpm
Page 17 of 19
205 Name the liquid part of blood.
Plasma
206 Name the artery that supplies the heart muscle with blood.
Coronary (artery)
207 What is the function of the bicuspid valve?
Prevent backflow of blood from left ventricle to left auricle (atrium)
208 To where does the pulmonary artery carry blood?
Lungs
209 State one factor that decreases heart rate and one factor that increases it.
Decrease: sleep / drugs (sedatives); Increase: fear (fright) / exercise
210 What is the average resting rate of the human heart in beats per minute?
65 to 79 bpm
211 Blood contains red cells and white cells. State one function for each of these.
Red: transports oxygen; White: protection against disease
212 Explain why the walls of the lower chambers of the heart are thicker than the walls of
the upper chambers.
They pump
213 Give two components of plasma.
Any two
214 Give the function of (i) Red blood cells (ii) White blood cells (iii) Platelets.
(i) Transport O2 / CO2; (ii) e.g. to make antibodies; (iii) e.g. Blood Clotting
215 Name the blood vessel referred to in each of the following cases: (i) The vein connected
to the lungs (ii) The artery connected to the kidneys (iii) The vein that joins the
intestine to the liver.
(i) Pulmonary (vein); (ii) Renal (artery); (iii) Hepatic Portal (vein)
216 What structure(s) protects the heart?
Rib cage
217 Name the following blood vessels: 1. the vessels that carry blood from the aorta to the
kidneys. 2. the vessels that supply the heart’s muscle with blood.
Page 18 of 19
1. renal (arteries); 2. coronary or cardiac (arteries)
218 Name the valve between the upper and lower chambers on the left-hand side.
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
219 Name the liquid part of blood.
Plasma
220 Name the blood vessels that bring oxygen to the heart muscle.
Coronary (arteries) / allow cardiac
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