CLINICAL ANATOMY OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS
Syllabus of lectures
(1 hour)
summer semester
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Anatomical foundations of clinical examination . Visible and palpable point on
the body surface, needed for topographical orientation. Superficial projection of
organs on body surfaces – skeletotopie. Basics for effective clinical examination.
Musculoskeletal anatomy I. of dog and cat. Radiography of the skeleton of a
dog; ossification and closure of the growth plates of long bones. Fracture healing
and bone remodelling. Anatomy of the joint: joint cartilage, joint capsule, synovial
fluid and ligaments. Joint tap and evaluation of the synovial fluid. Anatomy of
selected surgical approach to joints and long bones.
Musculoskeletal anatomy II of dog and cat. Functional and radiographic
anatomy of selected joints (shoulder, elbow, hip, stifle) with the emphasis on some
hereditary diseases. Biomechanics of the stifle joint in relation to certain surgical
procedures for cranial cruciate ligament deficient stifle in a dog.
Musculoskeletal anatomy I. of large animals. Radiography of the skeleton of a
dog; ossification and closure of the growth plates of long bones. Fracture healing
and bone remodelling. Anatomy of the joint: joint cartilage, joint capsule, synovial
fluid and ligaments. Joint tap and evaluation of the synovial fluid. Anatomy of
selected surgical approach to joints and long bones.
Musculoskeletal anatomy II of large animals. Functional and radiographic
anatomy of selected joints (shoulder, elbow, hip, stifle) with the emphasis on some
hereditary diseases. Biomechanics of the stay apparatus in horses. Patellar locking
mechanism.
Neuroanatomy in dog and cat I. Correlation of topographic regions of brain and
function, radiology of skull and spine, spaces in spine, anatomical background for
myelography and cerebrospinal fluid sampling, evaluation of CSF. Applied
neuroanatomy – foundations.
Neuroanatomy in dog and cat II. Diagnostic imaging in neurology –
radiography, CT, MRI. Anatomical foundations of myelography . Clinically
relevant peripheral nerves and their coursses – superficial projection.
Neuroanatomy of a horse I. Correlation of topographic regions of brain and
function, radiology of skull and spine, spaces in spine, anatomical background for
myelography and cerebrospinal fluid sampling, evaluation of CSF. Applied
neuroanatomy – foundations in equine neurology.
Neuroanatomy of a horse II. Diagnostic imaging in neurology – radiography,
CT, MRI. Anatomical foundations of myelography. Clinically relevant peripheral
nerves and their courses – superficial projection.
Anatomy of the head of a dog and cat. Superfical points on the head and their
skeletopical projections. Anatomy of upper airways – biomechanics of upper
airways in relation to brachycephalic syndrome. Clinical anatomy of the eye and
orbit – evaluation of eye fundus.
Anatomy of the head of large animals. Superfical points on the head and their
skeletopical projections. Anatomy of upper airways – biomechanics of upper
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airways in relation to exercise in horses. Clinical anatomy of the eye and orbit –
evaluation of eye fundus.
Cardiopulmonary anatomy of dog, cat and large animals. Location of cardiac
silhouette, heart valves, phrenic nerve, and major blood vessels in relation to
external landmarks and function. Radiographic anatomy of heart and major vessels
showing blood flow and airways. Anatomy of intercostal spaces and it‘s relation to
thoracotomy and thoracocentesis. Biomechanics of lower airways.
Topographical and clinical anatomy of abdomen. Stratigraphy of abdominal
wall and it‘s relations to surgical approaches. Topography of abdominal and pelvic
organs. Radiographic anatomy of abdomen.
Anatomy of the thorax and abdomen in ruminants. Location of cardiac
silhouette, heart valves, phrenic nerve, and major blood vessels in relation to
external landmarks and function. Radiographic anatomy of heart and major vessels
showing blood flow and airways. Anatomy of intercostal spaces and it‘s relation to
thoracotomy and thoracocentesis. Stratigraphy of abdominal wall and it‘s relations
to surgical approaches. Topography of abdominal and pelvic organs.
CLINICAL ANATOMY OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS
Syllabus of practicals
(2 hours)
summer semester
1. Anatomical foundations of clinical examination. Demonstration on live snímal.
2. Musculoskeletal system of dog and cat I. Demonstration on live animal.
Examination of the limbs. Arthrocentesis, surgical apparoaches and dissection of
joints. Dissection of limbs – functional groups of muscles and biomechanics of joints.
3. Musculoskeletal system of dog and cat II. Diagnostic imaging – radiography, CT,
MRI. Evalution of radiographs. Demonstration of clinical cases with anatomical
diagnosis.
4. Musculoskeletal system of horse I. Demonstration on live animal. Examination of
the limbs. Arthrocentesis, surgical apparoaches and dissection of joints. Dissection of
limbs – functional groups of muscles and biomechanics of joints and stay apparatus in
horses.
5. Musculoskeletal system of horse II. Diagnostic imaging – radiography, CT, MRI
including hoof of the horse.
6. Evaluation of radiographs. Presentation of assigned cases and their presentation.
7. Neuroatomy of dog and cat I. Neurological examination, dissection of CNS;
myelography. Presentation of clinical cases.
8. Neuroatomy of dog and cat II – diagnostic imaging; evaluation of radiographs.
9. Neuroanatomy of a horse. Neurological examination, dissection of CNS;
myelography. Demonstration of live animal and local anaesthesia.
10. Neuroanatomy of a horse II. – diagnostic imaging; evaluation of radiographs.
11. Anatomy of the head. Demonstration of superficial points - skeletotopie. Diagnostic
imaging – evaluation. Endoscopy of upper airway. Dissection of head.
12. Thoracic cavity. Demonstartion of live animal – auscultation of lungs and heart.
Skeletotopie. Diagnostic imaging – evaluation. Surgical approaches to the chest.
Thoracocentesis. Dissection.
13. Abdominal cavity of dog and cat. Demonstration of live animal with abdominal
palpation. Laparotomy and surgical approaches. Diagnostic imaging – evaluation of
radiographs.
14. Abdominal cavity of a horse. Demonstration of live animal with abdominal
palpation. Laparotomy and surgical approaches.