Name ________________________________
Shoulder Review
1.
Name the four bones that make up the shoulder joint. ___________________________ _clavicle, sternum,
scapula, humerus____________
2.
The joint formed by the sternum and the clavicle is called the ______________________
_sternoclavicular_____________________________________________
3.
A dislocated shoulder is an injury to what joint of the shoulder _____________________
_____glenohumeral___________________________________________
4.
A separated shoulder is a sprain to the _acromioclavicular__________ joint of the shoulder.
5.
The most vulnerable position for the shoulder is __abducted______- and ____externally
rotated______________________.
6.
In most dislocated shoulders, the head of the humerus lies in an __anterior__ and __inferior____________
position.
7.
There are no muscles on the ____inferior______ aspect of the shoulder.
8.
The __clavicle____ is the most commonly broken bone in the body.
9.
The __acromioclavicular_________ joint is formed by the acromion process of the scapula and the
clavicle.
10. *The function of the rotator cuff is to__________________________________________ ___hold the head
of the humerus into the glenoid fossa_____
_______________________________________________________________________
11. Unlike the hip, the shoulder sacrifices __stability_ in order to gain __mobility____________________.
12. The __labrum____ is a ring of cartilage similar to the meniscus in the knee and acts to deepen the articular
surface of the shoulder.
13. The gliding motion of the __scapula__ (bone) allows for greater that two-thirds the motion of the shoulder.
14. The ____sulcus sign________ tests for multi-directional instability of the shoulder.
15. The __apprehension test____ tests for a subluxing shoulder
16. Evaluates the integrity of the supraspinatus ___empty can test or supraspinatus test___
17. shrugs the shoulders _ trapezius
18. flexes the arm biceps brachii
19. extends the arm triceps brachii
20. first 10º of abduction supraspinatus
21. All fibers abduct the arm, anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm, posterior fibers extend and
laterally rotate arm deltoid
22. internal rotation subscapularis
23. external rotation (2) infraspinatus and teres minor
Things to remember
Joints:
Acromion process of the scapula + the clavicle = the acromioclavicular joint (tip of the shoulder)
Glenoid fossa of the scapula + humerus = glenohumeral joint (ball and socket joint)
Sternum + the clavicle = sternoclavicular joint ( only bony attachment of the upper extremity to the trunk)
Injuries
Clavicle is the most commonly broken bone in the body
Dislocated shoulder is a dislocation of the glenohumeral joint
Separated shoulder is a sprain of the acromioclavicular joint/ligament
Injuries during acceleration phase of throw are usually to the anterior shoulder
Injuries during deceleration phase of throw are usually to the posterior shoulder
In a dislocated shoulder the head of the humerus usually lies in an anterior/inferior position
Tests
Apprehension test= dislocated/subluxing shoulder
Drop arm test = rotator cuff
Empty can test/ supraspinatus test = supraspinatus
Piano key sign = separated sholder
Sulcus sign = multidirectional instability
Misc
Shoulder sacrifices stability to gain mobility
There are no muscles on the inferior aspect of the shoulder
If someone complains of numbness or tingling you should rule out a neck injury
The labrum is a ring of cartilage similar to the meniscus of the knee
After taking a history, you may have to palpate for a deformity instead of look for one if the athlete is wearing
shoulder pads