New Technologies and
Innovations in Laboratory
Support of HIV/AIDS care and
Treatment
Dr. Thaweesak Tirawatnapong
Chula Medical Research Center
(Chula MRC)
Diagnostics Tests for HIV
• 1 Tests to facilitate initial diagnosis
• 2 Tests to stage the patients
• 3 Tests to monitor the patients
Important of HIV Testing
• Known HIV status for care and treatment
• For prevention measure
• Problem
• Poor HIV testing coverage in resourcelimited Setting
General Community Requirement
• Need to increase the level of access to
high quality diagnostic in resource-limited
settings
• To facilitate early detection and treatment
of HIV/AIDS
• Simplify and improve the efficiency of HIV
testing
• Tests design to be delivered at The point
of care (POC) or Near POC
The Various PCR Process have Three Steps in Common
• 1. Sample preparation,
including viral
concentration and nucleic
acid extraction.
• 2. Amplification of the
target DNA or RNA.
• 3. Detection of the
amplified product.
DNA Extraction Flow with Magtration Technology
Automated Nucleic Acid Extraction
Extraction and PCR Set Up
Cobas Ampriprep
Qiagen Symphony
COBAS® S 201 System for Blood
screening
Chiron Tigris for Blood screening
New Technologies for Viral Load Testing
• Alere NAT system
disposable cartridge that provides for sample collection, cell lysis, specific target
capture, reverse transcription, polymerase chain reaction amplification and real time
fluorescence detection based on reporter probe hybridization on an integrated micro
probe array.
Lab-in-a-tube Technology
The Liat System automates all testing processes
Sample preparation
Amplification
Real-time detection
Portable Fully Automate real-time PCR
The Liat™ Analyzer is developed for nucleic acid based testing and the Liat™ Tubes
serve both as collection devices and as test chambers, maintaining samples in a closed
system from sample collection through sample disposal. We believe that the Liat™
system is suitable for a wide range of testing labs and near-patient test settings due to
its ease of use, fast turnaround time, cost effectiveness and safety features.
SAMBA: Simple AMplification Based Assay
Cepheid GeneXpert System
GeneXpert Cartridge and Module
Lab-on-Chip
Handy Lab
Microfluidic Technology
Nucleic acid extraction
QP system
BIST: Beads array In Single Tip
New HIV Drug resistant testing
• Minisequencing or Single base extension
Bio-Strands Technology
Nanostring Technology
Hybridization
NanoString’s Technology employs two ~50 base probes per mRNA that
hybridize in solution. The Reporter Probe carries the signal; the Capture
Probe allows the complex to be immobilized for data collection
Purification and Immobilization
After hybridization, the excess probes are removed and the probe/target
complexes aligned and immobilized in the nCounter Cartridge.
Data Collection
Sample Cartridges are placed in the Digital Analyzer for data collection.
Color codes on the surface of the cartridge are counted and tabulated
for each target molecule
nCounter Analysis System
•
•
•
•
High level of precision
High level of sensitivity (<1 copy per cell)
No enzyme processing or Amplification
Quantification
Multiplexed Diagnostic
• LLNL Awarded $2.5M to Move Pathogen Detection
Tests to NanoString Platform
•
June 07, 2011
• The National Institutes of Health has awarded $2.5
million to researchers at Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory to support the development of pathogen
detection assays on NanoString Technologies' nCounter
system.
• The project aims to develop high-content, multiplex
assays capable of simultaneously detecting 35 National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases category A, B,
and C viral agents, plus quantifying cytokine and
chemokine responses in patients,
• Science 24 June
2011:
Vol. 332 no. 6037 p.
1497
• BIOTECHNOLOGY
Lab-on-a-Chip Maker
Looks to Put Hong
Kong on Biotech Map
RMD Automation Strategy - Maximize Testing Efficiency
Reduce complexity and increase automation, throughput
Complexity Today
Near-Term
Virology & Blood Screening
Amplicor
cobas Amplicor
Long-Term
LC 2.0
cobas s 401
COBAS®
TaqMan® 48
CAP/CTM &
cobas s 201
Other
(HPV, CT/NG, Micro/Oncology)
CAP/CTM 96/48
& cobas s 201
New Generation systems
cobas 4800
cobas s 401