University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
“Petroleum Systems”
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
“Petroleum Systems”
“Plate Tectonics”
“Seqeunce Stratigraphy”
“Integrative Petroleumology”
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
“Petroleum Systems”
“Plate Tectonics”
“Seqeunce Stratigraphy”
“Integrative Petroleumology”
PS insp
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
“Oil is found in the minds of men”
or, more fully,
“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the minds of men.”
Wallace E. Pratt, Chief Geologist, Humble Oil Company;
later Vice-President of Standard Oil
Wallace E. Pratt
PS insp
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
“Oil is found in the minds of men”
or, more fully,
“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the minds of men.”
Wallace E. Pratt, Chief Geologist, Humble Oil Company;
later Vice-President of Standard Oil
Wallace E. Pratt
PS insp
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
“Oil is found in the minds of men”
or, more fully,
“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the minds of men.”
Wallace E. Pratt, Chief Geologist, Humble Oil Company;
later Vice-President of Standard Oil
Wallace E. Pratt
PS insp
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
“Oil is found in the minds of men”
or, more fully,
“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the minds of men.”
Wallace E. Pratt, Chief Geologist, Humble Oil Company
Frequently cited by Michel T. Halbouty, past AAPG president
and winner of AGI’s Legendary Geoscientist Award
Wallace E. Pratt
Michel T. Halbouty
PS insp
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
“Oil is found in the minds of men”
or, more fully,
“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the minds of men.”
UGA B.S. and M.S. Grads Michelle Anderson and Shawn Hall.
PS insp
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
“Oil is found in the minds of men”
or, more fully,
“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the minds of men.”
Wallace E. Pratt, Chief Geologist, Humble Oil Company
Less poetically,
Humans find petroleum most efficiently with a good model
of how petroleum accumulations form.
PS defns
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of
source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR
“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final result of an
organized set of geologic events (in space and in time) that can be called
a petroleum system. In such a system, the sequence of subsidence
movements and associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984
The elements of a petroleum system consist of source rock, migration
path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap, and those elements "must be placed
in time and space such that a petroleum deposit can occur.”
Magoon 1987
“All of the factors which affect the processes of hydrocarbon
generation, migration, and accumulation constitute elements of
a total system which may be described as a machine.”
Meissner et al. 1984
Bibliography
is on next page.
PS defns
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of
source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR
“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final result of an
organized set of geologic events (in space and in time) that can be called
a petroleum system. In such a system, the sequence of subsidence
movements and associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984
The elements of a petroleum system consist of source rock, migration
path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap, and those elements "must be placed
in time and space such that a petroleum deposit can occur.”
Magoon 1987
“All of the factors which affect the processes of hydrocarbon
generation, migration, and accumulation constitute elements of
a total system which may be described as a machine.”
Meissner et al. 1984
Bibliography
is on next page.
PS5
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
A petroleum system:
The integration in time and
space of source, migration
pathway(s), reservoir(s),
trap(s), and seal(s).
PS defns
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of
source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR
“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final result of an
organized set of geologic events (in space and in time) that can be called
a petroleum system. In such a system, the sequence of subsidence
movements and associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984
The elements of a petroleum system consist of source rock, migration
path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap, and those elements "must be placed
in time and space such that a petroleum deposit can occur.”
Magoon 1987
“All of the factors which affect the processes of hydrocarbon
generation, migration, and accumulation constitute elements of
a total system which may be described as a machine.”
Meissner et al. 1984
Bibliography
is on next page.
PS defns
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of
source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR
“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final result of an
organized set of geologic events (in space and in time) that can be called
a petroleum system. In such a system, the sequence of subsidence
movements and associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984
The elements of a petroleum system consist of source rock, migration
path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap, and those elements "must be placed
in time and space such that a petroleum deposit can occur.”
Magoon 1987
“All of the factors which affect the processes of hydrocarbon
generation, migration, and accumulation constitute elements of
a total system which may be described as a machine.”
Meissner et al. 1984
Bibliography
is on next page.
PS defns
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of
source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR
“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final result of an
organized set of geologic events (in space and in time) that can be called
a petroleum system. In such a system, the sequence of subsidence
movements and associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984
The elements of a petroleum system consist of source rock, migration
path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap, and those elements "must be placed
in time and space such that a petroleum deposit can occur.”
Magoon 1987
“All of the factors which affect the processes of hydrocarbon
generation, migration, and accumulation constitute elements of
a total system which may be described as a machine.”
Meissner et al. 1984
Bibliography
is on next page.
PS refs
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Perrodon, A., and P. Masse, 1984, Subsidence, sedimentation and petroleum
systems: Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 7, n. 1, p. 5-26.
Magoon, L. B., 1987, The petroleum system—a classification scheme for
research, resource assessment, and exploration (abs.): AAPG Bulletin, v. 71, n.
5, p. 587.
Magoon, L. B., and W. G. Dow, 1994, The petroleum system, in Magoon, L. B,
and W. G. Dow, eds., The petroleum system—from source to trap: AAPG
Memoir 60, p. 3-24.
Meissner, F. F., J. Woodward, and J. L. Clayton, 1984, Stratigraphic
relationships and distribution of source rocks in the greater Rocky Mountain
region, in J. Woodward, F. F. Meissner, and J. L. Clayton, eds., Hydrocarbon
source rocks of the greater Rocky Mountain region: Denver, CO, Rocky
Mountain Association of Geologists, p. 1-34.
PS
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”
1. Deposition of organic-rich sediment
2. Burial of same to temperature for generation of petroleum
3. Availability at Time 2 of migration pathway for petroleum
4. Availability of reservoir, seal, and trap at or after Time 2.
PS
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of
source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR
“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final result of an
organized set of geologic events (in space and in time) that can be called
a petroleum system. In such a system, the sequence of subsidence
movements and associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984
Gussow
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
A petroleum system:
The integration in time
and space of source,
migration, reservoir,
trap(s), and seal.
Gussow, W. C., 1954, Differential
entrapment of oil and gas; a fundamental principle; American Association of Petroleum Geologists
Bulletin, v. 39, p. 547-574, as reprised in the Oil and Gas Journal.
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Critical moment:
The critical moment is that point in time selected by the investigator that
best depicts the generation-migration-accumulation of most
hydrocarbons in a petroleum system. A map or cross section drawn at
the critical moment best shows the geographic and stratigraphic extent
of the system.
Magoon, L.B., and W. G. Dow, 1994, The petroleum system, in Magoon, L. B, and
W. G. Dow, eds., The Petroleum System—From Source to Trap: AAPG Memoir 60, p. 3-24.
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Critical moment:
The critical moment is that point in time selected by the investigator that
best depicts the generation-migration-accumulation of most
hydrocarbons in a petroleum system. A map or cross section drawn at
the critical moment best shows the geographic and stratigraphic extent
of the system.
Magoon, L.B., and W. G. Dow, 1994, The petroleum system, in Magoon, L. B, and
W. G. Dow, eds., The Petroleum System—From Source to Trap: AAPG Memoir 60, p. 3-24.
The critical moment is the time of source-rock maturation
and of migration of petroleum into its primary trap.
LBR
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Mag & Dow Ex
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
PGSG PS
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Arthur & Schlanger
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Gluyas & Swarbrick 2004
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Selley p. 207 (uniform geothermal gradient)
G&S page 75 & 77
Selley 1998
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Gluyas &
Swarbrick 2004
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Thermal Cond
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Thermal Cond
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
PGSG PS con
PS ex
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Reef & talus present vs. not present updip from source rocks;
res & migrn path present or not (could be opposite side of mirror-image basin)
one side with no subsidence and thus no maturation
one side with no source rock.
Thrusting moves reservoir over younger source rock in foot wall;
potential source in hanging wall never matures.
Simple source-migrn-res-seal system deposited but leaks updip to seap; fault
and/or salt dome (that forms downdip from growth fault) provide traps.
Deposition of source over half of sloping deposurface; folding, erosion, and
deposition make unconformity trap, but only one side has source beneath.
In sequential normal fault block system where source rock covered only half of
basin, some blocks have no source rock, and some blocks have no fault seal.
Non-vertical strike-slip fault moves anticlinal traps past lacustrine source rocks earliest gets no charge, later oil, and even later gas.
Meandering channel sand is in stratum that is tilted and then faulted; fault
provides migration path to meanders updip from fault but not down.
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
Sources
North 1980
Asquith and Krygowski 2004
refs
Rigzone
Assaad 2008
Schlumberger Log Interpretation P&I
AAPG Basic Well Log Analysis course notes
Schlumberger Oilfielld Glossary
Baker-Hughes Atlas of Log Responses
Bjørlykke 2010
Selley 1978, Porosity gradients in North Sea
oil-bearing sandstones: Jo. Geol. Soc. London
v. 135, 119-132.
Conaway 1999
Crain’s Petrophysical Handbook
Selley 1998
Glover’s Petrophysique
Shell Petroleum Handbook (1983)
Gluyas & Swarbrick 2004
Shepherd 2009
Jonathan B. Martin UF class notes
Tissot & Welte (1984)
Wikipedia
University of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geology
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