OpenADR 2.0 Signaling over Tropos Network
 Architecture, Communications and Security
May 24 2012
#ConnWeek
Jim Compton
AGM/CTO
Burbank Water and Power
818-384-2202
jcompton@ci.burbank.ca.us
Santa Clara, CA May 22-24, 2012
1
Agenda
•
•
•
•
•
Overview
Architecture
Communications
Security
Q&A
#ConnWeek
Santa Clara, CA May 22-24, 2012
2
Overview
• Burbank, California
– Major C&I customers are Media and Entertainment
Industry with studios well known to the audience.
• Why Demand Response (DR)?
– Mothballing two generators that ran fewer than
eight (8) days per year
– DR to be used to fill the gap
• Why OpenADR 2.0?
– Standard signaling protocol to all loads outside
BWP’s cyber security perimeter
#ConnWeek
Santa Clara, CA May 22-24, 2012
3
Architecture
#ConnWeek
Santa Clara, CA May 22-24, 2012
4
Communications
•
•
•
•
Approximately 50,000 smart meters
Tropos wireless mesh network with fiber optic backhaul
Approximately 400 radios covering 98% of the City
Low latency/high bandwidth
– Average bandwidth availability: 5-10mbs per radio
– Average round trip latency: 2.1ms
• BWP VTNs will be signaled from the Automated Dispatch System
(ADS) over BWPs Enterprise Services Bus (ESB) using IEC 619689/100-based web services
• OpenADR 2.0a endpoints (VENs) will be signaled via Tropos
wireless network
• Tropos 1410 radios will be integrated into the OpenADR 2.0a
VENS
#ConnWeek
Santa Clara, CA May 22-24, 2012
5
ADS – VTN Signaling
Source: IEC 61968-9, Application integration at electric utilities – System interfaces for distribution
Management, Edition 1, 2009-09, Figure 37, p. 60.
#ConnWeek
Santa Clara, CA May 22-24, 2012
6
Security
• OpenADR 2.0a uses a flexible, state of the art security model
based upon:
– Authentication – You can verify that the sender is who he claims to be
– Integrity – You can verify that the message has not been tampered with.
– Non-repudiation – You can prove that the sender did in fact send the
message.
– Confidentiality – You can ensure that only the intended recipient can read
your message (encryption).
• Core security technologies leverage Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
transport, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), and device level
certificates.
• Security implementation methods consider customer preferences
and their enterprise security infrastructure.
#ConnWeek
Santa Clara, CA May 22-24, 2012
7
X.509 Certificates
Publish Public Information
Maintain CRL and Public
Certificates
VeriSign
DS
BWP
Portal
Verify Certificates and
Certificate Revocation List
Certificates
DRAS
VeriSign
CA
#ConnWeek
Issue
Certificates
IADS
Santa Clara, CA May 22-24, 2012
Participant
Facility
8
Risk Analysis – VTN
Use Case 1: Malicious disruption of OADR2 messages leaving the server (VTN)
Actor 1, Utility (VTN)
Risk Category
Message Type
A
I
C
N
Demand Response Events
3
3
1
1
Price Conveyance
Public Data
1
1
1
1
Price Conveyance
Private Data
2
2
2
2
Price Conveyance with PRD
3
3
2
2
Feedback (Meter telemetry or other)
2
2
2
2
Energy Transactions
3
3
3
3
Risk Categories
1. Inconvenient but no detrimental effect to either
customer or grid
2. Disturbance to utility or customers, but not to grid
3. Grid Instability
[1]
There are programs that tie load shed to prices
Not substation or state estimation devices, client devices only
[3] Buying and selling, with calls to perform
[2]
#ConnWeek
Santa Clara, CA May 22-24, 2012
9
Risk Analysis – VEN
Use Case 2: Malicious disruption of OADR2 messages leaving the end node (VEN)
Actor 2, End Device (VEN)
Risk Category
Message Type
A
I
C
N
Demand Response Events
1
1
1
1
Price Conveyance
Public Data
1
1
1
1
Price Conveyance
Private Data
1
1
1
1
Price Conveyance with PRD
1
1
1
1
Feedback (Meter telemetry or other)
2
2
2
2
Energy Transactions
3
3
3
3
Risk Categories
1. Inconvenient but no detrimental effect to either
customer or grid
2. Disturbance to utility or customers, but not to grid
3. Grid Instability
[1]
There are programs that tie load shed to prices
Not substation or state estimation devices, client devices only
[3] Buying and selling, with calls to perform
[2]
#ConnWeek
Santa Clara, CA May 22-24, 2012
10