Presents The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Presented by: Lead Portfolio Manager Bill Smead www.smeadcap.com © 2010 Smead Capital Management, All Rights Reserved. Opinions expressed are those of Smead Capital Management, are subject to change, are not guaranteed, and should not be considered recommendations to buy or sell any security. The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Agenda Historical Well Known Facts Today's Well Known Facts Unknown Facts A Virtuous Response to The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 SCM’s Definition A “Well Known Fact” is defined as a body of economic information which is not only known throughout the economy and media, but has been acted upon by nearly all market participants. A “Well Known Fact” and its existence can serve as a contrary indicator in investment markets. The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Symptoms and Environment Media sounds the trumpet Advisors adopt and promote Historical positive bias (safe speculation) Multi-year investment success well underway Identifiable gurus and spokespersons Loneliness for those not aligned with the Fact The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Tulip Mania of the Dutch Golden Age Attention came to be concentrated on the possession and display of the more esoteric of the blooms. And appreciation of the more exceptional of the flowers rapidly gave way to a yet deeper appreciation of the increase in the price that their beauty and rarity were commanding. By the mid 1630’s the increase seemed to be without limit. The rush to invest engulfed the whole of Holland. No person of minimal sensitivity of mind felt that he could be left behind. Prices were extravagant; by 1636, a bulb of no previous worth might be exchanged for “a new carriage, two grey horses and a complete harness (around $25,000 to $50,000 in today’s dollars). - John Kenneth Galbraith Source: A Short History of Financial Euphoria, John Kenneth Galbraith The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Tulip Mania of the Dutch Golden Age At last, however, the more prudent began to see that this folly could not last for ever. Rich people no longer bought the flowers to keep them in their gardens, but to sell them again at cent per cent profit. It was seen that somebody must lose fearfully in the end. As this conviction spread, prices fell, and never rose again. Confidence was destroyed, and a universal panic seized upon the dealers. - Charles MacKay Source: Preface to the 1952 Edition of Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds, Charles MacKay The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Historical Well Known Facts: Cars, Planes & Radio 1929 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 The “Nifty Fifty”: One Decision Stocks Multiple Compression Security Sony Polaroid McDonald’s Intl. Flavors Walt Disney Hewlett Packard Price-Earnings Multiple 1972 Price-Earnings Multiple 1980 92 90 83 81 76 65 17 16 9 12 11 18 Source: Burton Gordon Malkiel, “A Random Walk Down Wall Street”, page 70 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 The “Nifty Fifty”: One Decision Stocks 1973-1974: The Nifty-Fifty Bubble Deflates The S&P 500 (Jan 11, 1973 – Oct 03, 1974) was down 48%. The Nifty Fifty fared much worse. Coca-Cola (KO) General Electric (GE) Avon (AVP) Source: Bloomberg; Big Charts Past performance does not guarantee future results. Disney (DIS) The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Oil, Gold and Bonds, early 1980’s Source: http://inflationdata.com/Inflation/images/charts/Oil/Gasoline_inflation_chart.htm The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Oil, Gold and Bonds, early 1980’s Source: http://inflationdata.com/articles/charts/inflation-adjusted-annual-average-gold-prices/ The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Oil, Gold and Bonds, early 1980’s 10-Year Treasury Yields: Jan 1962 through April 2014 Source: Yahoo! Finance chart - CBOE Interest Rate 10-Year T-No (^TNX) from Jan 2, 1962 through Apr 1, 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Japan and Japanese Stocks, late 1980’s Source: ThomsonReuters Baseline The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Japan and Japanese Stocks, late 1980’s “Tokyo land valuations had soared to the point where it was calculated that the site of the imperial palace, near the centre of the city, was worth more than all the real estate in California” -Telegraph UK Source (graphic) - “That’s Not How Bubbles Work” by www.huffingtonpost.com on July 20, 2009 Source (quote) - Telegraph UK “Oriental risks and rewards for optimistic occidentals” Aug 7, 2004 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Savings and Loan debacle 1987-1992 Source: thewealthsteward.com “U.S. bank failures lag economic & stock market bottoms” Aug 24, 2010 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Savings and Loan debacle 1989-1991 Source: Bloomberg The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 “The Internet Will Change Your Life” / “New Economy” Source: Bloomberg The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Real-Estate / Credit Bubble 2003-2010 Source: Redfin Seattle Sweet Digs “Case-Shiller: Seasonal Home Price Bump Turns Flat in May” July 28, 2009 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Featured Stock: Bank of America Historical Well Known Facts Today's Well Known Facts Unknown Facts A Virtuous Response to The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 “Once a price history develops, and people hear that their neighbor made a lot of money on something, that impulse takes over, and we're seeing that in commodities and housing...Orgies tend to be wildest toward the end. It's like being Cinderella at the ball. You know that at midnight everything's going to turn back to pumpkins & mice. But you look around and say, 'one more dance,' and so does everyone else. The party does get to be more fun -- and besides, there are no clocks on the wall. And then suddenly the clock strikes 12, and everything turns back to pumpkins and mice.” - Warren Buffett Source: CNN Money article “Buffett: Real estate slowdown ahead” by Jason Zweig of May 8, 2006 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Well-Known Fact The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Well-Known Fact: Wide Diversification Note: alternative strategies include private equity (LBOs, mezzanine, M&A funds and international private equity); marketable alternatives (hedge funds, absolute return, market neutral, long/short, 130/30, event-driven and derivatives); venture capital; private equity real estate (non-campus); energy and natural resources (oil, gas, timber, commodities and managed futures); and distressed debt Past Performance does not Guarantee Future Returns Source: NACUBO-Commonfund public NCSE information The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Well-Known Fact: Lower Domestic Exposure Past Performance does not Guarantee Future Returns Source: http://www.top1000funds.com/news/2011/09/28/harvard-favours-emerging-markets-and-absolute-returns-over-fixed-income/ The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Well-Known Fact: Emerging Markets a Must Own Past Performance does not Guarantee Future Returns Source: White Paper “Asset Allocation at Barclays”, March 2013, Page 14 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today's Well Known Facts: Small-Caps Deserve Big Premiums! Source: Merrill Lynch “(Mid-) Year Ahead in Pictures”, page 92 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Well-Known Fact: Buy Hard-Assets Past Performance does not Guarantee Future Returns Source: Merrill Lynch report “Just in case rates don’t rise…”, chart 1 page 1 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Well-Known Fact: Oil Drilling Frenzy Past Performance does not Guarantee Future Returns Source: Fidelity Investments Institutional – Investment Themes for 2014, page 12 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Well-Known Fact: The U.S. is Unattractive Source: http://video.cnbc.com/gallery/?video=3000099730 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Well-Known Fact: The New Normal/Neutral Source: http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/10/18/millennials-still-lag-in-forming-their-own-households/ The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Well-Known Fact: Passive Investing Past Performance does not Guarantee Future Returns Source: 2014 Investment Company Fact Book The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Today’s Well-Known Fact: ETF Panacea Past Performance does not Guarantee Future Returns Source: 2014 Investment Company Fact Book The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Featured Stock: Bank of America Historical Well Known Facts Today's Well Known Facts Unknown Facts A Virtuous Response to The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Keynes on Well-Known Facts “It [investing] is the one sphere of life and activity where victory, security and success is always to the minority and never to the majority. When you find any one agreeing with you, change your mind. When I can persuade the Board of my Insurance Company to buy a share, that, I am learning from experience, is the right moment for selling it.” - John Maynard Keynes Source: http://www.maynardkeynes.org/keynes-the-investor.html The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Unknown Facts: U.S. Households are in Great Shape % (Percent) Source: Bloomberg Federal Reserve US Financial Obligations Ratio - An estimate of the ratio of debt payments to disposable income. The types of debt included in the financial obligation ratio include mortgage payments, credit cards, property tax and lease payments. The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Unknown Facts: New Era of Regulation and Litigation for Banks Source: WSJ article “BofA in Talks to Pay At Least $12 Billion to Settle Probes”, June 5, 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Unknown Facts: U.S. Banks at Historically Low Stress Levels St Louis Fed Financial Stress Index (Ticker: STLFSI / SLF FSI): This Index measures the degree of financial stress in the markets and is constructed from 18 weekly data series: seven interest rate series, six yield spreads and five other indicators. Values below zero suggest below-average financial market stress, while values above zero suggest aboveaverage financial market stress. Past performance does not guarantee future results. Source: Bloomberg The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Unknown Facts: Housing is Very Affordable To interpret the indices, a value of 100 means that a family with the median income has exactly enough income to qualify for a mortgage on a medianpriced home. An index above 100 signifies that family earning the median income has more than enough income to qualify for a mortgage loan on a median-priced home, assuming a 20 percent down payment. Source: Bloomberg The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Unknown Facts: Housing Starts/Supply Coming Off Record Lows Number of new housing units started in the U.S., annually, In Thousands Source: Bloomberg The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Unknown Facts: Housing has Leverage to the Economy Residential fixed investment includes the construction of new single-family and multi-family houses, manufactured housing (or mobile homes) and home improvements. Also included in residential fixed investment are the brokers’ commissions on sales, net purchases of used structures and residential equipment. Source: http://www.bespokeinvest.com/thinkbig/2014/4/23/housing-and-economic-growth.html The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Unknown Facts: Low Interest Rates Likely to Rise Slowly Source: http://online.barrons.com/news/articles/SB50001424053111903409104579517663810941986 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Unknown Facts: Gorgeous Demographics Developed economies are about to experience a baby boom that will be bigger and longer-lasting than even the one that followed the Second World War. The entry of the Millennial generation into their prime childbearing years, along with the recouping of births that were postponed both due to the recession and by the decision of many women to delay having children until their thirties, will drive the first leg of this new baby boom Continued progress in creating more family-friendly labor market institutions in developed economies, increased gender equality, rising incomes, as well as cultural and possibly genetically-driven shifts in the composition of populations towards more fecund individuals will all power the second leg of the baby boom. Faster population growth implies stronger aggregate demand in the near term and more rapid supply growth over the long haul. Equities, housing, and commodities should benefit. Properly measured, U.S. fertility rates are already well above the baseline used by the government in projecting future fiscal trends. Our estimates imply a fiscal surplus of 4% of GDP by the end of the century, even if current entitlement programs are not scaled back. - The Bank Credit Analyst, September 2013 Source: The Bank Credit Analyst, September 2013 “The Coming Baby Boom in Developed Economies” The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Unknown Facts: Underinvested & Risk-Averse Source: MarketWatch / Howard Gold article “Not even a bull market can interest people in stocks”, June 8, 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Unknown Facts: Underinvested & Risk-Averse Source: http://mjperry.blogspot.com/2012/04/2011-most-energy-efficient-economy-in.html The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Featured Stock: Bank of America Historical Well Known Facts Today's Well Known Facts Unknown Facts A Virtuous Response to The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response to The Well-Known Fact Flee the Area Buy what is undervalued because of the massive capital misallocation Show immense patience The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response: Flee The Area 10-year smoothed commodity price growth may be peaking within widening amplitude 1795 to first Apr-2, 10-yr. M.A. April 2, 2014 Data going backData to 1795, with data2014 point(TTM), 12/31/1805 – through 15% U.S.$ debasement, EM growth 14% Cold War (1980 peak) 13% 12% 11% World War 1 (1920 peak) 10% 9% 7% 6% 5% World War 2, Korean Conflict U.S.Civil War (1864 peak) 8% War of 1812 & Napoleonic Wars (1814 peak) 4% 3% 2% 1% 0% -1% -2% -3% -4% -5% 2025E 2015E 2005 1995 1985 1975 1965 1955 1945 1935 1925 1915 1905 1895 1885 1875 1865 1855 1845 1835 1825 1815 1805 -6% PPI All Commodities (Up to 1956) and CRB Commodity Futures (1957-now) Linked Commodity Prices Y/Y % Change, 10-Yr. Moving Average Source: Commodities 1795 to 1890 are the Warren & Pearson index constructed with farm products, foods, hides & leather, textiles, fuel & lighting, metals & metal products, building materials, chemicals & drugs, household furnishing goods, spirits and other commodities. 1891 to 1913 is the Wholesale Commodities Price Index from the BLS and other agencies. 1914 to 1956 is the PPI for All Commodities, and 1957 to present is the CRB CCI Index. Past Performance is not a guarantee of future results Source: Stifel Nicolaus / Barry Bannister April 2, 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response: Buy Into Capitulation and Fear Source: Bloomberg The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response: Flee The Area MSCI EM (Ticker MXEF) Index: The Morgan Stanley Capital Emerging Markets Index is a free float weighted equity index. MSCI EAFE (Ticker MXEA) Index: The MSCI EAFE Index is a free-float weighted equity index. The index was developed with a base value of 100 as of December 31 1969. The MSCI EAFE region covers DM countries in Europe, Australasia, Israel, and the Far East. S&P 500 (Ticker SPX) Index: Standard and Poor's 500 Index is a capitalization-weighted index of 500 stocks. The index is designed to measure performance of the broad domestic economy through changes in the aggregate market value of 500 stocks representing all major industries. The index was developed with a base level of 10 for the 1941- 43 base period. Source: Bloomberg The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response: Recognize Capital Misallocation Source: http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304819004579489033376330174 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response: Recognize Capital Misallocation Source: http://online.wsj.com/news/article_email/private-equity-has-more-than-it-can-spend-1402670650lMyQjAxMTA0MDEwODExNDgyWj The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response: See the Opportunity Source: Business Insider – Markets Chart Of The Day “Here Come America’s 23-Year-Olds, June 18, 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response: Recognize A Cheap U.S. Dollar Source: Bloomberg The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response: Buy Into Capital Misallocation Past performance does not guarantee future results. Source: Merrill Lynch “(Mid-) Year Ahead in Pictures”, page 87 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response: Buy High Quality Stocks Source: Bloomberg The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 A Virtuous Response: Show Immense Patience Source: http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2013/07/historical-returns-by-holding-period/ The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Featured Stock: Bank of America Historical Well Known Facts Today's Well Known Facts Unknown Facts A Virtuous Response to The Well-Known Fact Circa 2014 Definitions S&P 500 Index: A market-value weighted index consisting of 500 stocks chosen for market size, liquidity, and industry group representation. Russell 1000 Value Index (R 1000 Value): A measure of the performance of those Russell 1000 companies with lower price-to-book ratios and lower forecasted growth values. One cannot invest directly in an index. Free Cash Flow (FCF): measures the cash generating capability of a company by adding non-cash charges (e.g. depreciation) and interest expense to pretax income. Book Value: is the net asset value of a company, calculated by subtracting total liabilities from total assets. Price / Book ratio: current price / most recent book value per share. Long Term Debt (L/T Debt): Loans with obligations of over one year on which interest is paid. Basis point (bps): A unit that is equal to 1/100th of 1% and is used to denote the change in a financial instrument. Earnings Stability (R2): R2 measures the deviation of a company's earnings from its historical earnings growth rate. Earnings per share (EPS): is calculated by taking the total earnings divided by the number of shares outstanding. Return on Equity (ROE): ROE is equal to a fiscal year's net income (after preferred stock dividends but before common stock dividends) divided by total equity (excluding preferred shares), expressed as a percentage. Cash Flow: A revenue or expense stream that changes a cash account over a given period. Net Profit Margin (NPM): Earnings divided by revenue. Earnings Stability: The complement of the standard deviation of annual earnings from those which would be plotted on reconstructed regression slope lines determined by the stock's annual rate of growth of earnings. P/E Rel to 10 Year Average: The price/earnings ratio of the trailing 12-month period, compared to the average price/earnings ratio of the last 10-years for a security MSCI Emerging Markets Index (notated as “EM”): An index created by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) that is designed to measure equity market performance in global emerging markets. Definitions (cont.) Russell 2000 Index: The Russell 2000 serves as a benchmark for small-cap stocks in the United States. Beta: A measure of the volatility, or systematic risk, of a security or a portfolio in comparison to the market as a whole. Beta is used in the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), a model that calculates the expected return of an asset based on its beta and expected market returns. Sharpe Ratio: A risk-adjusted measure developed by William F. Sharpe, calculated using standard deviation and excess return to determine reward per unit of risk. The higher the Sharpe ratio, the better the fund's historical riskadjusted performance. Debt / Equity Ratio: A measure of a company's financial leverage calculated by dividing its total liabilities by stockholders' equity. It indicates what proportion of equity and debt the company is using to finance its assets. $ Average Market Cap: the average Market Capitalization of a portfolio/universe, weighted by the dollars invested in the respective companies; Market Capitalization is the total dollar market value of all of a company’s outstanding shares, calculated by multiplying a company’s shares outstanding by the current market price of one share Household Debt Service Ratio: the Household Debt Service Ratio is an estimate of the ratio of debt payments to disposable personal income. Debt payments consist of the estimated required payments on outstanding mortgage and consumer debt. “Nasdaq” is Nasdaq Composite: A market-capitalization weighted index of the more than 3,000 common equities listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange. Brazil Bovespa Index: The Bovespa Index (IBovespa) is the main indicator of the average performance of the BM&FBovespa exchange. The IBovespa covers more than 80% of the trades and approximately 70% of the market capitalization of the exchange. Russian RTS Index: The Russian RTS Index is a capitalization-weighted index of 50 Russian stocks traded on the Moscow Exchange in Moscow, Russia. The list of stocks is reviewed every three months by the RTS Information Committee. Definitions (cont.) India BSE Sensex Index: The S&P BSE Sensex Index is a cap-weighted index. The index members have been selected on the basis of liquidity, depth, and floating-stock-adjustment depth and industry representation. Sensex has a base date and value of 100 in 1978-1979. Shanghai SE Comp Index: The Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index is a capitalization-weighted index. The index tracks the daily price performance of all A-shares and B-shares listedon the Shanghai Stock Exchange. The index was developed on December 19, 1990 with a base value of 100. CRB Index: The CRB Index is a measure of price movements of 22 sensitive basic commodities whose markets are presumed to be among the first to be influenced by changes in economic conditions. indu Dow Jones 30 Index (Dow Jones Industrial Average): The Dow Jones Industrial Average is a price-weighted average of 30 blue-chip stocks that are generally the leaders in their industry. It has been a widely followed indicator of the stock market since October 1, 1928. NASDAQ Biotech Index: The NASDAQ Biotechnology Index is a modified market capitalization-weighted index designed to measure the performance of all NASDAQ stocks in the biotechnology sector. Price/Earnings (Trailing): the ratio of a firm’s closing stock price & its trailing 12 months’ earnings/share. Price/Earnings (Forward): the ratio of a firm’s closing stock price & its forward expected 12 months’ earnings/share. Enterprise Value: The sum of Market Capitalization, Preferred Equity, and short- and long-term interest-bearing debt, less cash and equivalents. Used as a proxy for the takeover value of a firm. EBITDA: Used as a proxy for Operating Earnings. EBITDA is earnings before taxes, depreciation, and amortization Ent Value / Ebitda: A ratio with Enterprise Value as numerator, and EBITDA as denominator. Alpha: Alpha is the excess return of a fund relative to the return of its benchmark. Disclosures The fund's investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses must be considered carefully before investing. The summary and statutory prospectuses contain this and other important information about the investment company, and it may be obtained by calling 877-807-4122 or visiting www.smeadfunds.com. Read it carefully before investing. Mutual fund investing involves risk. Principal loss is possible. The Fund is nondiversified, meaning it may concentrate its assets in fewer individual holdings than a diversified fund. Therefore, the fund is more exposed to individual stock volatility than a diversified fund. The Smead Value Fund is distributed by Quasar Distributors, LLC. Questions & Answers