A Brief Introduction
For
Multi-Component Seismic Data Processing
1. Introduction
Since 1983 BGP has experimented and developed multicomponent technology. This expertise has evolved into a series
of integrated techniques which have been tested and have
proved to be reliable suite of exploration and development
seismic services.
Integrated Techniques
Z component processing
Statics
Pre-stack noise attenuation
Surface consistent processing
Velocity analysis, NMO, stack
Imaging
X,Y component processing
S wave statics
CCP binning
P-SV velocity analysis
P-SV wave NMO
P-SV wave imaging
Extraction of attributes
before
after
S-wave Statics
PSV NMO
Super gather
Conventional NMO
Non-hyperbolic NMO
P-P
PSV
Final processing results
Gas-bearing sandstone
Lithology prediction using Vp/Vs ratio
2. Multi-Component Seismic Data Processing
2.1 The Proposed Flow Chart for 2D Seismic Data Processing
2.1.1 P-P Wave Basic Processing Sequence
Demultiplexing

Shot Gathers Display

Geometry Update

Sort to Vertical Component

Edit bad traces/shots, De-spiking

Elevation Static Correction

First Break Picking, Refraction Static Correction

Spherical Divergence Correction

Surface consistent amplitude compensation

Surface consistent deconvolution

Sort to CMP gather

First pass velocity analysis (every 500 m) and stack

First Pass Surface Consistent Residual Statics Correction

Predictive Deconvolution or Inverse Q-filter

Second pass velocity analysis (every 250m) and stack

Second Pass Surface Consistent Residual statics Correction

Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration

NMO Inverse

Third Pass Velocity Analysis

Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration

NMO Inverse and SEGY RAW PSTM Gather

NMO, Mute and Stack

F-X deconvolution

Post-stack Deconvolution

Time variant filter

Scaling

Final Result
2.1.2 P-S Wave Basic Processing Sequence
Demultiplexing

Shot Gather and Near Offset Display

Geometry Update

First Break Picking, Refraction Static Correction

Sort to Horizontal Component

Construction of a Vp/Vs

Negative offset polarity reversal, reverse trace analysis and correction

Rotation analysis and tests

PS static application

Edit bad traces/shots, de-spiking

FK Filter at Shot/Receiver Domain(Optional)

Spherical Divergence Correct

Surface consistent amplitude compensation

Surface consistent deconvolution

Sort to CCP

CCP velocity analysis (every 500 m) and stack

1st Surface Consistent Residual statics Correction

Predictive Deconvolution or Inverse Qs-filter

2nd velocity analysis (every 250m) and stack

2nd Surface Consistent Residual statics Correction

Offset separation (positive and negative offsets) prior to PSTM

Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration

NMO Inverse

Third Pass Velocity Analysis

Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration

NMO Inverse and SEGY RAW PSTM Gather

NMO, Mute and Stack

F-X deconvolution

Post-stack Deconvolution

Time variant filter

Scaling

Final Result
2.1.3
Optional / additional Processing
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
P-S wave DMO with N offset planes. QC products.
Higher order non-hyperbolic NMO corrections. QC products.
Trim statics. QC products.
FD Migration with PS average velocities (2*VpVs/(Vp+Vs)). QC products.
Generation of SPS.
Computation of velocities from raw uphole data and building of static model.
Noise attenuation. The contractor is asked to propose available suited techniques
and to provide technical details. COMPANY will choose the method to be applied.
7.
Pre-stack Depth Migration
2.2 Key processing techniques for Multi-Component Seismic Data Processing
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Automatic Vp/Vs Picker
Co-Sensor Interpolation
Co-Sensor Sum
Common Conversion Point (CCP) Binning
Multi-Component Cross-Equalization
S-Wave 2-Component Rotation
Vp/Vs Computation
Vp/Vs Correlation
Vp/Vs Transform
P-Sv PSTM
P-Sv DMO