Kaskadische Nutzung von Biomasse
in der Bioraffinerie – Wege aus der
Erdöl- und Klimakrise
Diethard Mattanovich1, Michael Sauer1,
Stephan Böhmdorfer2, Thomas Rosenau2
1 Department für Biotechnologie
2 Department für Chemie
BOKU
Product classes of chemical industry
Polymers
• Products from
petrochemistry
Industrial chemicals
Solvents
Elastomers
Paint
Pharmaceuticals
Agrochemicals
Oleochemicals
• Products from
industrial
biotechnology
Alcohols
Common
feature of
petro- and
biochemicals:
Carbon as
backbone
Amino acids
Organic acids
Vitamins
www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html
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Biorefinery – looking into (far) future
Energy vs. “use as matter” (chemicals, materials, food, feed)
Renewable resources
Biorefineries
Fossil resources
Petrochemistry
(Energy and chemicals)
Time
Today
We need “CARBON” to produce materials and chemicals.
We don’t necessarily need “CARBON” for energy production.
www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html
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Similar flow charts facilitate transition
www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html
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Products from White Biotechnology
• Organic acids
– lactic acid: building block chemical, polymers
– succinic acid: building block chemical
– citric acid: food, detergents, industry
• Amino acids
– Lysin: food, feed
– Amino acid precursers: building block chemicals, polymers
• Alcohols
– Ethanol: biofuels
– Butanol: biofuels, solvents
– Propanediol: building block chemical, polymers
Produced from sugar
Metabolic engineering = essential technology to direct the process
from substrate to product
www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html
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Biorefinery – food vs. energy / chemicals
a-1-4-link
a-1-6-bridge
STARCH
OH
b-1-4-link
HO
HO
O
OH
OH
(Hemi)CELLULOSES
 Alternative raw materials do not compete with food and feed.
www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html
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biomass
Example: lactic acid
• Made from renewable
recources
• Biologically degradable
biorefinery
sugar
fermentation
lactic acid
destillation
polymerisation
lactide
www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html
Polylactic acid
(PLA)
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Biorefinery – looking into (far) future
General future developments
Material / chemical
utilization
Cascade
utilization
Food / feed
if possible
Better use of
nature´s ingenuity
in synthesis and
material production
www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html
Energetic utilization
Energy / chemicals
from food-/feedstock
Direct (one-step)
utilization
Extensive breakdown
of renewables
„green-to-oil“
CO, H2, CH4,
C2H5OH
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www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html
www.boku.ac.at/bioconversion.html
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