Alan Dorsinville, Reading High School
Natalie Gibbs, Reading High School
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Introduction
 The Problem and our solution
 Background Information
 The purpose of μPAD’s
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Materials
Procedure
Science Concepts
Results
Team F(Floral Experiment)
Conclusion/Discussion
Further Research
Acknowledgements
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The cost of health care is an issue in America
Testing requires
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Time
Money
Insurance
Technical Experience
Etc
All of which is inconvenient
Developing Countries
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Micro fluidic paper-based assay devices (μPAD)
 A paper diagnostic test
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Paper-based devices are
 Inexpensive
 Quick
 Easy to use
 Require a small volume of liquid
 Lack the use of advanced equipment
 Effective and accurate
Your body has many substances including
proteins and glucose
Glucose Concentration
Glucose provides energy
0-0.8mM
for your body an all of
your movements Above 0.8mM
Disease
Normal
Impaired kidney and/or
diabetes
Proteins are important for growth,
tissue repair, and many other bodily
functions
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Our purpose is to show we can quantify
diagnostic results using a cheap paper device
 Our chips are designed to detect glucose and
protein in our substances
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Intermolecular forces
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Capillary action
 Allows us to direct small amounts of liquid to
testing wells
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CleWin
Chromatography paper( Whatman)
Printer
Scales, beakers, pipettes
Various chemicals
Infrared Gun
Hot Plate
Scanner
Adobe Photoshop
Part One: Planning
 CleWin is a computer program made to
design our chips
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Step 1: Printing
 The pattern is outlined with wax when printed
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Step 2: Place the chips on a hot plate at 150°C
 Allows wax to seep through
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This project requires making both a protein
and glucose reagent
 A chemical reagent is a substance used in a
chemical reaction to detect, measure, examine, or
produce other substances
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Buffer (pH=6.0)
 0.2 M NaH2PO4
 0.2 M Na2HPO4
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0.3 M Trehalose
0.6 M KI
30 units/mL HRP
120 units/mL GO
Glucose + Glucose oxidase
Gluconic acid + Hydrogen peroxide
(H2O2)
H2O2
HR Peroxidase
I-
H2O + ½ O2
½ I2
Brown color
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Part 1:
 0.25 M Citric acid (pH 1.8 buffer)
 184 μL H2O, 16 μL EtOH
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Part 2:
 9 mM TBPB
 10 μL H2O, 190 μL EtOH
Protein Mechanism
TBPB + protein = Blue color
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Apply 0.2 μL of reagents using a
micropipette. Must wait ten minutes
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Part Five: Test One
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We made a new design for our second chip on
CleWin, printed them, and reapplied the
chemical reagents, etc.
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The chips are a urine analysis test so we made
an artificial urine sample
We made several concentrations glucose and
proteins to test
Sol'n 1
Glucose
BSA
Urine
25
25
0
2
18.75
20.83
10.42
3
12.5
16.67
20.83
4
9.375
12.5
28.13
5
6.25
8.33
35.42
6
5
4.17
40.83
7
3.75
3.125
43.13
8
2.5
2.08
45.42
9
1.25
0.833
47.92
10
0.63
0.42
48.96
11
0
0
50
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We performed eight tests for each of the
eleven different concentrations of glucose
and protein
After 30 minutes, the chips were scanned into
the computer
Protein (BSA)
240
y = 0.694x + 184.6
R² = 0.984
230
220
Mean Intensity
210
200
190
180
170
160
150
0
10
20
30
40
BSA Concentration (μM)
50
60
70
Glucose
150
Mean Intensity
145
140
135
130
125
0
5
10
15
Glucose Concentration mM
20
25
Team F’s research is focused on the
relationship between pollinators and nectar
Different Nectar Concentrations
170
160
150
Intensity
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140
130
120
110
100
Partridge Pea Sunflower
Thistle
Thistle (2nd)
Nectar Type
Mallow
Blank
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We made adjustments to our second chip to
create a more effective test
We were not able to quantify, but still proved
the chips had the potential to quantify
different detectable substances
We were able to rank the glucose
concentration of Team F’s nectar solutions
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The μPAD’s serve the same purpose as other
urine tests
 Scientists are trying to find ways of detecting
more diseases with the paper-based analytical
device
We would like to thank:
 Dr. Scott Phillips
 SeeCos Faculty
 Chris Daly
 Ms. Jody Markley
 Mr. Derek James
 Ms. Jean Marie Donnelly
 UBMS Staff