RATIONALIZATION
Module 1
(Organic Chem, Inorganic Chem, Medicinal Chem)
1. It is the only unicyclic Antidepressant:
a. Lexapro -escitalopram
b. Prozac - fluoxetine
c. Wellbutrin - bupropion
d. Remeron – mirtazapine
Thenard’s blue
Reaction from:
Aluminum heated in Sodium carbonate
in Cobalt nitrate soln
2. The ion that gives positive result to Thenard’s
Test causes:
a. Reye’s syndrome b. Minamata diseases c. Wilson’s disease d. Shaver’s disease -
3. A fourth generation Cephalosporin:
a. Axera – cefepime
b. Rocephin – ceftriaxone
c. Zinacef – cefuroxime
d. Monowel – cefoxitin
4. A rule that states that when stress is applied
to a system in equilibrium, the equilibrium
shifts to relieve stress:
a. Law of Conservation of Mass
b. Law of Definite Proportion
c. Law of Mass Action
d. Le Chatelier’s Principle
5. This element is present in Insulin:
a. Co
b. Zn
c. Mg
d. Fe
e. NOTA
6. It is administered in an ice-cold condition to
lessen its disagreeable bitter taste;
parenterally used as an anti convulsant:
a. Glauber’s salt
b. Rochelle salt
c. Epsom salt
d. Purgative lemonade
7. The ion that gives a purple solution with
Sodium bismuthate:
a. Cobalt
b. Ferrous
c. Manganese
d. Ferric
8. The sum of the number of protons & neutron:
a. Mass number
b. Atomic weight - average mass of atoms of an
element
c. Isotope - atoms of the same element can
have different numbers of neutrons
d. Atomic number - # of protons present in
nucleus
Q#49
9. Principle which states that it is impossible to
accurately determine simultaneously the
position & motion of an electron:
a. Pauli’s exclusion principle The Aufbau (building up)
Principle:
b. Aufbau principle
an orbital cannot take more
than 2 electrons.
c. Heisenberg principle
d. NOTA
10. Acids have the following properties except:
a. pH below 7
b. acceptor of protons
c. neutralizes base
d. Sour taste
11. Which of the ff is/are
considered slow
acetylators:
I. Eskimos
II. Egyptians
III. Filipinos
IV. Mediterranean Jews
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
III only
I and II only
III and IV only
II and IV only
I and III only
Eskimos and Orientals are
rapid acetylators
12. Which of the ff is/are
parent drug/s?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Digitoxin
Hydrocortisone
Primidone
Propranolol
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
I and II only
III and IV only
I, II and IV only
I, III, and IV only
AOTA
13. An agent that prevents infection by the
destruction of pathogenic microorganisms
when applied to inanimate objects:
a. Antiseptic
b. Disinfectant
c. Antibiotic
d. Sanitizer
e. Pesticide
14. A dye used as an antidote for cyanide
poisoning:
It promotes conversion of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Malachite green
Methylene blue
Phenolphthalein
Gentian violet
NOTA
hemoglobin to
methemoglobin, which
because of its high affinity for
cyanide ion diverts it from
inactivating Cytochrome C
15. The antibiotic that binds with Ribosome 30s
subunit:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Chloramphenicol
Tetracycline
Erythromycin
Lincomycin
Penicillin
30S
A-minoglycosides
T-etracycline
16. Structure of the penicillin molecule shows it
to contain a fused ring system which is the:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
β – lactam thiazolidine structure
β – lactam penam structure
6 – Aminopenicillinanic acid
β – lactam phenylpenicillin ring
β – lactam alkylamino ethyl ring
17. Tienam is a
combination of:
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Piperacillin
Cilastatin
Tazobactam
Imipenem
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
II and IV
I and II
I and IV
II and III
I and III
18. Vigocid is a
combination of:
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Piperacillin
Cilastatin
Tazobactam
Imipenem
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
II and IV
I and II
I and IV
II and III
I and III
19. The 1st aminoglycoside antibiotic to be used
in chemotherapy:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Amikacin
Gentamicin
Streptomycin
Kanamycin
Neomycin
20. It is used primarily for treating polycythemia
vera:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Hexamethylamine
Asparaginase
Tamoxifen
Pipobroman
Hydroxyurea
21. Diamox is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Methazolamide
Dichlorphenamide
Amoxicillin
Hydrochlorothiazide
Acetazolamide
22. The major adverse effect of Midamor:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Q#91(same)
23. The major source of histamine in the body
results from the decarboxylation of this amino
acid:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Tryptophan
Histidine
Tyrosine
Phenylalanine
Arginine
Serotonin
Dopa-->NE/Epi
24. A class of antibiotics that contain a
macrocyclic ring bridged across two
nonadjacent positions of an aromatic nucleus
and called ansamycins:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Cephalosporins
Macrolides
Penicillins
Rifamycins
Aminoglycosides
25. Which of the following
is/are side effect/s of
dactinomycin?
I. Alopecia
II. Bone marrow
depression
III. Nausea and vomiting
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
I, II and III
I and II
II and III
I only
III only
26. A semi-synthetic derivative of
podophyllotoxin which in combination with
other chemotherapeutic agents is the first
choice treatment for small-cell lung cancer:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Vinblastine
Vincristine
Doxorubicin
Daunorubicin
Etoposide
Effective alone or in combination
w/ other agents for refractory
testicular tumors, acute
nonlymphocytic leukemia,
Hodgkin’s dse, Non Hodgkin’s
lymphoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma
27. Which of the following
is/are brand name/s of
Ibuprofen:
I. Tylenol
II. Advil
III. Siverol
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
I only
II only
I and II only
AOTA
I and III
28. Possesses the antitussive properties of
codeine, without the analgesic, additive,
central depressant, and constipating features:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Levopropoxyphene
Noscapine
Dextromethorphan
Caramiphen
Benzonatate
10 mg dextro = 15mg
dose of codeine in
antitussive effect
29. This is entitled when a neutron converts to a
proton:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Positron
Negatron
Gamma rays
Alpha rays
30. This describes the relative position of an
energy level with respect to the other energy
levels present:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Principle quantum number
Magnetic spin quantum number
Subquantum number (l)
Magnetic quantum number (m l)
B. Is the magnetic component contributed by the spin of the electrons
C. l describes the different electron distribution for a given n
D. The magnetic contribution of angular momentum due to movement
of electron in space.
31. This is a chronic condition resembling
tuberculosis in symptom:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Silicosis
Parakeratosis
Itai-Itai disease
Minamata disease
It develops after long exposure (7
yrs or more) to respirable dust
(Silica particles)
Q#54
32. Same molecular formula but different order
of atomic linkages
a.
b.
c.
d.
Functional isomer
Constitutional isomer
Enantiomers
Diastereomers
Q#97
33. Cobalt meta-aluminate is: Rinman’s green
a.
b.
c.
d.
Rinman’s green
Azure crystals
Thenard’s blue
Emerald blue crystals
aka “Cobalt green”
Reaction from:
Zinc + cobalt nitrate
Thenard’s blue
aka “Cobalt blue”
Reaction from:
Aluminum heated in
Sodium carbonate in
Cobalt nitrate soln.
34. This metals exhibit autocomplexation:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Noble metals
Volatile metals
Coinage metals
Alkaline earth metals
Group II-B ( Zinc,
Cadmium and Mercury)
35. Among the acids of halogens, which is
considered to be the most acidic?
a.
b.
c.
d.
HBr
HI
HF
HCl
(decreasing acidity)
36. An alloy composed of 50% tin and 50% lead:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Pewter
Solder
Gun metal
Rose metal
Pewter:
80% Tin & 20% Lead
Gun Metal:
10% Tin & 90% Copper
Rose Metal:
25% Tin, 25% Lead & 50%
Bismuth
37. Vleminckx’s solution is prepared by boiling
sublimed sulphur and:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lime
a&d
calcium Carbonate
Calcium oxide
3x to lumabas sa boards ko!
38. Type of sulphur used in Vleminckx’s solution:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Precipitated sulphur
Lac sulphur
Sublimed sulphur
NOTA
39. Which of the following has the highest
boiling point:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Decane
Pentane
Hexane
Butane
more carbon-carbon linkages, the
more bonds to break, the higher
the boiling point.
40. “Speed” is a ____________ form of
Amphetamine:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Formylated
Acetylated
Butylated
Methylated
41. Potassium added in glass:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Increases the refractive index of the glass
Makes the glass amber and light resistant
Reduces the coefficient of expansion
AOTA
42. Produces a bluish green flame through a
cobalt glass:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sodium
Barium
Strontium
Calcium
Through cobalt glass:
Barium – bluish green
Sodium – Nil(pale green)
Potassium – crimson
Calcium – light green
Strontium – purple
43. To prepare White Lotion USP, sulfurated
potash is added to:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Zinc sulfide
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
NOTA
Q#45
44. It is a measure of the energy required to
remove an electron by overcoming the
attractive forces of the nucleus:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Electron affinity
Electronegativity
Ionization potential
NOTA
45. It is the ability of an atom in a molecule to
attract electrons in itself:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Electron affinity
Electronegativity
Ionization potential
NOTA
Measures how strongly the atom
attracts ADDITIONAL electrons
Measures how strongly the
atom holds to its electrons
46. Purest native form of uncombined carbon:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Diamond
Graphite
Lamp black
Coal
47. The unit of radiation damage used in
medicine:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Rem
RBE
Sievert
Rad
Relative Biological Effectiveness of the radiation
SI unit for effective dosage; 1 sv=100 rem
48. Employed as systemic acidifier:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sodium bicarbonate
Ammonium chloride
Calcium chloride
b and c
49. It states that no two electrons in an atom
can have the same set of four quantum
numbers:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Heisenberg uncertainty principle
Aufbau principle
Pauli’s exclusion principle
a and b
50. The process by which water molecules move
under high pressure through a semipermeable
membrane from the more concentrated to the
less concentrated solution:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lower to higher concentration
Osmosis
Passive diffusion
Active diffusion
Reverse osmosis
51. Give the IUPAC name of the given chemical
CH2=CHCH2CH2CH3:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
•
Pentene
1- pentene
Pentane
1- pentyne
2- pentene
52. The chemical CH3OCH3 is an example of
what type of organic compound:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ketone
Ester
Ether
Aldehyde
Acid anhydride
•Ether: R-O-R
•Alcohol: ROH
•Aldehyde: RCHO
•Ketone: RCOR
•Carboxylic acid: RCOOH
•Ester: RCOOR
•Acid halide: RCOX
•Amide: RCONH2
53. The compound with the formula,
CH3CH2COCH2CH3 is a/an:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ketone
Aldehyde
Carboxylic acid
Ether
Ester
54. Stereoisomers that are not mirror-images of
each other are called:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Structural isomers
Cis-Trans isomers
Mirror-image isomers that are
Enantiomers
not super imposable
Anomers
Diastereomers
55. What is the most potent effect of
trimethylxanthine substitutions in positions
1,3, and 7 of the xanthine molecule:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Diuresis
Coronary Vasodilation
Cardiac stimulation
CNS stimulation
Skeletal muscle relaxation
56. The structure given below represents the
common structure of which group of drugs:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Benzodiazepine
Barbiturates
Phenothiazine
SSRIs
MAOIs
57. What is the IUPAC name of Valproic acid:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
2- Methylpropanoic acid
2- Ethylbutanoic acid
2- Propylpentanoic acid
2- Butylhexanoic acid
2- Pentylheptanoic acid
58. Which of the following drug is also known as
1,3-dimethylxanthine:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Theophylline
Caffeine
Theobromine
Pentoxyfylline
Doxofylline
1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
3,7-dimethylxanthine
1-(5-oxohexyl)-3, 7-dimethylxanthine
7-(1,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl)-1,3dimethylpurine-2,6-dione
59. Which of the following calcium channel
blockers is a benzothiazepine:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Verapamil - phenylalkylamine
Nifedipine - dihydropyridine
Diltiazem
Amlodipine - dihydropyridine
Isradipine - dihydropyridine
60. Which of the following
endogenous substances
promote platelet
agrregration:
I. cAmp
II. TXA2
III. ADP
Inhibits!
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
I only
III only
I and II only
II and III only
AOTA
61. Which of the following agents is an example
of an H2-antihistamine:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Telfast -fexofenadine
Pariet - rabeprazole
Prevacid – lansoprazole
Aerius -desloratadine
Ulcin - ranitidine
62. Which of the following drug is an example of
Proton Pump Inhibitor:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Pariet - rabeprazole
Ulcin - ranitidine
Iselpin - sucralfate
Zantac - ranitidine
Telfast - fexofenadine
63. Which of the following opioids contains a
piperidine nucleus:
•Phenanthrene:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Dextromethorphan
Oxycodone
Pentazocine
Meperidine
Codeine
Codeine
Oxycodone
Oxymorphone
Hydromorphoine
•Miperidine:
Diphenoxylate
Fentanyl
•Benzomorphan:
Pentazocine
64. A given drug is known to antagonize the 5HT 1D receptor. What is most likely clinical
indication of this drug:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Glaucoma
Migraine
Hypertyension
Anxiety
Psychosis
65. Which of the following agents is primarily a
5-HT3 receptor antagonist:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ondansetron
Cisapride
Clozapine
Ergonovine
Naratriptan
66. This form of insulin is the primary storage
form in man:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Monomer
Dimer
Tetramer
Pentamer
Hexamer
Form of Insulin that is absorbed
and interacts with insulin receptor
67. Which of the following
is/are factors affecting
drug metabolism:
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Age
Economic status
Species and strain
Gender
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
I only
AOTA
I and II only
I, III and IV only
I, II and III only
68. The term that denotes the selective
metabolism of two or more similar functional
groups, or two or more similar atoms that are
positioned in different regions of a molecule:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Stereoisomerism
Regioselectivity
Selective toxicity
Substrate stereoselectivity
Bioselectivity
69. Phenol coefficient is defined as the ratio of a
disinfectant to the dilution of phenol required to
kill a given strain of a bacterium. What
microorganism is used in determining the phenol
coefficient?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Bacillus subtilis
Enterobacter aerogenes
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Salmonella typhi
Proteus vulgaris
70. A preparation of 5% iodine in water with
potassium iodide:
•Iodine Solution:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Iodine solution
Iodine tincture
Lugol’s solution
Mayer’s reagent
Wagner’s reagent
2% Iodine in Water with
Sodium Iodide
•Iodine Tincture:
2% Iodine in 50% alcohol
with Sodium Iodide
•Mayer’s reagent:
Potassium Mercuric Iodide
•Wagner’s reagent:
Iodine in Potassium Iodide.
71. Methicillin is chemically named as:
a. 2-Ethoxy-1-naphthylpenicillin
b. 5-Methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolylpenicillin
c. 5-Methyl-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4-isoxazolylpenicillin
d. 2,6-Dimethoxylphenylpenicillin
e. 2,6-Dimethylpenicillin
72. A group of antibiotics that are derivatives of
an octahydronaphthacene,a hydrocarbon
system that comprises four annelated sixmembered rings:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Macrolides
Tetracycline
Lincomycins
Polymyxin
Sulfonamides
73. Drowsiness is a side effect of antihistamines
that is common to the:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Ex. aminophylline
Ethylenediamines
Tertiary aminoalkyl ethers
Mostly
Phenothiazine
antipsychotics
H2-receptor antagonists
Cimetidine
74. It has become the drug of choice in the
treatment of genital herpes:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Symmetrel - amantadine
Zovirax -acyclovir
Hepsera -adefovir
Tamiflu -oseltamivir
Valtrex -valaciclovir
Also used in HSV1 & 2,
Varicella-Zoster,
Epstein Barr
75. A depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
that causes spastic paralysis to susceptible
helminthes:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Pyrantel pamoate
Thiabendazole
Mebendazole
Niridazole
Niclosamide
Inh. fumarate reductase helminth
specific
Irreversibly block glucose uptake
76. A non steroidal agent that has shown potent
antiestrogenic properties in animals and is
useful in the palliative treatment of advanced
breast cancer in postmenopausal women:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Megestrol
Testolactone
Mitotane
Leuprolide
Tamoxifen
77. An ion that often shows expectorant action
is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Iodide
Phosphate
Fluoride
Iodate
78. Copper is an essential trace element used for
the utilization of iron occurs in:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hemoglobin
Albumin
Hemocyanin
Heme
Respiratory
pigment
•Hemoglobin contains Iron in its molecule
•Heme constitutes about 4% of its weight
consisting iron in the center of pyrroleporphyrin ring
•Albumin is the primary protein found in
blood
79. The only single acid that can dissolve gold:
a.
b.
c.
d.
HCl
HNO3
Selenic acid
Aqua regia
HCl and HNO3 can’t
dissolve gold alone
but when mixed as
aqua regia (3:1) it can
dissolve gold but not
as SINGLE acid.
80. Reduction occurs in:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cathode
Anode
Both
None of these
GEROA
LEORA
Cathode –
negatively charged
electrode
Anode – positively
charged electrode
81. Argyria can be caused by:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gold
Cobalt
Iron
Silver
82. A member of the second triad of Group VIII:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Platinum
Rhodium
Nickel
Iridium
With Ruthenium and
Palladium
83. BAL is:
Used in treating heavy
a. British Anti- Lewisite
metal poisoning such as
b. 2,3 dimercaptopropranolol mercury and gold.
c. 3,2 dimercaptopropranolol
d. a and b
84. Soft coal is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Anthracite
Bituminous
Charcoal
Activated charcoal
It contains 70% of Carbon +
large amt of volatile matters
85. The first element to be discovered by the use
of spectroscope:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Rubidium
Cesium
Iridium
Uranium
86. Inadequate oxygen tension in air i.e. Baguio,
high altitude:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Histotoxic
Anemic
Anoxic
Stagnant
87. Mercury that falls into cracks and other
difficult to clean places is removed best by
covering with:
It forms sulfide with mercury and is
a.
b.
c.
d.
then easily vacuumed to remove
Sulfur
easily.
Sodium hydroxide
Potassium dichromate
Zinc oxide
88. Fuller’s earth is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hydrated aluminium magnesium trisilicate
Floridin
Aluminium magnesium trisilicate
b and c
89. Pink in appearance:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Copper
Nickel
Cobalt (II)
a and c
green
90. In given period, as the atomic number
increases, metallic properties:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Increase
Decrease
Remain the same
Double
Metallic property decreases
M
E
T
A
L
L
I
C
P
R
O
P
In
crease
91. The major source of histamine in the body
results from the decarboxylation of this amino
acid:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Tryptophan
Histidine
Tyrosine
Phenylalanine
Arginine
92. Grignard reagents usually contain:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Co
Cu
Fe
Mg
Grignard reagents are R-Mg-X
compounds that are used as
intermediates in synthesis
93. Standard temperature for gas:
a.
b.
c.
d.
0⁰ C
314K
273K
a and c
94. What is the functional group for ketones:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Carboxyl group
Hydroxyl group
Amino group
Carbonyl group
•Carboxyl group for Caboxylic acids
•Hydroxyl group for alcohols
•Amino group for Amines
95. The ion that gives a Turnbull’s blue
precipitate with potassium ferricyanide:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ferrous
Ferric
Cobalt
Nickel
Ferrous ferricyanide
96. The ion that gives a Prussian blue precipitate
with potassium ferrocyanide:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ferrous
Ferric
Cobalt
Nickel
•Fe7(CN)18⋅14H2O Ferric
ferrocyanide
•aka Berlin Blue or Parisian
blue
•It was the traditional “blue”
in blueprints
•It has been used as
antidotes for certain heavy
metal poisoning
97. The ion that gives positive result to Rinman’s
green:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Aluminum
Chromium
Manganese
Zinc
aka “Cobalt green”
Reaction from:
Zinc + cobalt nitrate
98. The first element produced artificially is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Rn
Ta
Tc
Pt
99. Which of the following is a thiazolidinedione:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Actos -pioglitazone
Glucophage -metformin
Solosa - glimepiride
Glucobay – acarbose
Metformin – Biguanide
Glimepiride- Sulfonyureas
100. All are classified as 2nd generation
sulfonylureas except:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gliclazide
Gliburide
Glimepiride
Glipizide
1st gen:
•Chlorpropamide
•Acetohexamide
•Tolbutamide
•Tolazamide
2nd gen:
*all starting in GLI, GLY
except GLIMEPIRIDE