Oxy-Acids
You will need to know these common oxyacids (with a 100% confidence level!)
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nitric acid
chloric acid
carbonic
acid
sulphuric acid
phosphoric acid
HNO3
HClO3
H2CO3
H2SO4
H3PO4
Memory Aid - Acids
The following expression gives you a
memory aid that may help working out the
formula for the various oxy-acids.
Nick the Camel had a Clam for Supper in
Phoenix
First letter(s) identify the acid
# vowels = # H’s
# consonants = # O’s
Memory Aid - Acids
Nick the Camel had a Clam for Supper in
Phoenix
First letter(s) identify the acid
# vowels = # H’s
# consonants = # O’s
Nick .......... N, nitrogen, nitric
1 vowel, 3 consonants
HNO3
Oxy-Acid Formulae
Nick the Camel had a Clam for Supper in
Phoenix
What is the formula for:
chloric acid?
HClO3
phosphoric acid?
H3PO4
Oxy-Acid Radicals
• New negative ions/radicals are produced
when you remove the hydrogens from
each oxy-acid.
• Each of these new ions/radicals are
treated as a group/unit. The valence of
the ion/radical corresponds to the number
of hydrogens removed.
Oxy-Acid Radicals
Consider sulphuric acid:
H2SO4
Removing the 2 H’s gives the ion/radical:
SO42this ion/radical is called
sulphate;
its valence is 2
Oxy-Acid Radicals
• You do not need to memorize all of these you will be provided with a list for
quizzes/tests/exam.
• The negative ions/radicals related to the
oxy-acids can now be used to form
compounds.
Compounds with Oxy-Acid
Ions/Radicals
Write the formula for aluminum nitrate:
Valence of aluminum is 3
Val. of nitrate is 1 (nitrate: NO3- from
HNO3)
Keep in mind that the nitrate ion is a
group.
Use our cross-over technique to show 3
nitrate groups:
Al(NO )
Examples with Oxy-Acid
Ions/Radicals
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potassium carbonate
tin(IV) sulphate
iron(III) nitrate
lithium chlorate
barium phosphate
aluminum chlorate
K2CO3
Sn(SO4)2
Fe(NO3)3
LiClO3
Ba3(PO4)2
Al(ClO3)3
And Still More
Examples
• Mg(ClO3)2
magnesium chlorate
• ZnCO3
zinc carbonate
• LiNO3
lithium nitrate
• Y2(SO4)3
yttrium sulphate
• Co3(PO4)2
cobalt(II) phosphate *
* NOTE: When multiple valences are involved, you
do not use the prefix system with radicals.
Special Ions/Radicals
.
You will also have to be able to give
names/write formulae using these
special ions/radicals (also on the list
provided).
• NH4+ - ammonium ion
• OH- hydroxide ion
• HCO3- - bicarbonate ion
(also called hydrogen carbonate)
Each has a val. of 1 ; each is a group/unit.
Examples using
Special Ions/Radicals
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ammonium oxide
(NH4)2O
zinc hydroxide
Zn(OH)2
iron(III) bicarbonate
Fe(HCO3)3
NH4ClO3
ammonium chlorate
LiOH
lithium hydroxide
More Examples with Special
Ions/Radicals
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ammonium chloride
NH4Cl
tin(IV) bicarbonate
Sn(HCO3)4
iron(III) hydroxide
Fe(OH)3
ammonium sulphate
(NH4)2SO4
Ba(OH)2
barium hydroxide
NH4HCO3
ammonium
bicarbonate
Other Special Compounds
• There are several special compounds you
will encounter in this course. We ask that
you commit this one to memory:
• hydrogen peroxide
H 2O 2
That’s All Folks
except…..
of course for the practice!
The last nomenclature practice page
can now be completed.
Have fun.