SHELL THERMIA B
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
THERMIC FLUID
SELECTION CRITERIA
1. Operating experience
2. Operating Hazards :
Toxicity, explosiveness & flammability.
3. Handling problems
4. Availability and cost
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
THERMIC FLUID
SELECTION CRITERIA
5. Bulk / Film temperatures.
6. Thermal properties :
Specific heat, conductivity, Heat
transfer coefficient
7. Degradation rate.
8. Pumping properties
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Requirements from a thermic fluid
 Low
solidification temperature.
 Good thermal stability.
 Low viscosity over the whole temp. range
(also in the start-up condition).
 Good heat transfer properties.
 High specific evaporation enthalpy (when
used as vapours).
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Requirements from a thermic fluid
Low corrosion tendency for the materials of the
apparatus
 Non toxic and non - smelly.
 Low sensitivity to impurities (e.g.. oxygen).
 Low fire risk.
 Low risk to the environment on leakage.
 Possibility of easy destruction (passing used
material into the natural circulation circuit).
 Economy of operation

Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Chemical Composition
•
•
•
•
Mineral oils are mixture of hydrocarbons
Alkanes: Have carbon atoms arranged in
straight or branched chains.
Cycloalkanes: Contain some rings of carbon
atoms.
Aromatics:Contains rings of carbon atoms but
a lower proportion of hydrogen than
cycloalkanes.
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Chemical Composition
Alkanes
Viscosity
Oxidation
Index
Stability
Highest Most Resistant
Solvency
Boundary
Lubrication
Worst
Worst
Best
Best
Cycloalkanes
Aromatics
Asphaltenes
Shell Thermia B
Lowest
Least
Resistant
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Base Oils and Fluid Performance
PUMPABILITY, LOW TEMP.
PROPERTIES, ENERGY LOSSES,
PUMP WEAR
VISCOSITY
OXI
DATI
ON
SURFACE
EMULSIFICATION,
METAL
CORROSION
ACTIVITY
STA
BILI
TY
SOLVENCY
VOLATILITY
SEAL
COMPATIBILITY
Shell Thermia B
DEPOSIT FORMATION,
OIL THICKENING,
ACIDITY BUILDUP,
CORROSION OF METALS
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
OIL CONSUMPTION,
THICKENING, DEPOSIT
FORMATION, VAPOUR
PRESSURE
Viscosity
•
•
•
•
Viscosity increases with oxidation.
Viscosity decreases with thermal
cracking.
Viscosity affects turbulence of flow.
Viscosity at operating temperature is
more important.
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Flash Point
•
•
•
Lowering of flash point is indication of
something wrong but not necessarily
dangerous.
Method of sampling is very important.
Sustenance of flash point during
operation is very important from safety
view point.
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Flash Point
•
•
•
•
•
COC (IP36/ASTM D 92) or IP 35
PMCC (IP 34/ ASTM D 93)
Difference between the two flash points
will be typically 15 0 C
Repeatability difference: +/- 70 C
Reproducibility difference:+/- 160 C
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Oxidation Stability
•
•
•
•
•
Effect of Oxygen (or Air) on oil properties
Various component of oil vary in oxidation
resistance.
Modern refining removes components with
low oxidation resistance
Higher the temperature higher will be rate of
oxidation
Copper & its alloys are catalysts for oxidation
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Oxidation Stability
•
•
•
•
Oxygen attacks hydrocarbons to form
unstable peroxide derivatives.
Some unstable peroxides further react to
form acidic products which are oil soluble.
Some form non soluble gum and sludge.
Acidity and insoluble matter is measure of
oxidation of oil.
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Oxidation Stability
•
•
•
•
Severe oxidation results in viscosity increase
Oxidation in Heat transfer system takes place
mainly in DE tank
Pump may suck air causing oxidation
Recharging of leaked fluid is also a source of
oxidation
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Thermal Stability
•
•
•
•
Mineral oil is complex mixture of hydrocarbons
varying in structure and molecular weight each
with its own characteristic breakdown
temperatures.
Cracking is rupture of a carbon-carbon or
carbon-hydrogen bond.
Cracking reduces viscosity.
Cracking reduces flash point.
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Thermal Stability
•
Lower weight molecular join to make heavy
molecules which appear as deposits
•
Deposits lower heat transfer efficiency
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Other Properties
•
•
•
•
•
•
Vapour Pressure: It is function of volatility
Pour Point:Important for initial startup
Density : For designing thermic fluid system
Specific Heat
Corrosiveness
Fire Point
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Specific Heat & Fire Point
Specific Heat varies from 0.45 at 30oC to
0.70 at 300oC. Unit : Kcal/Kg
FLASH POINT
of fresh oil =
200 to 235oC
Shell Thermia B
FIRE POINT =
Flash Point + 30oC
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Boiling Point
Temperature at which change of phase takes
place.
330o to 371oC
Boiling point can vary from 330o to 371oC
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Thermic Fluid degradation



Particulate fouling :
Deposition of suspended matter
Reaction fouling :
Cracking, coking, polymerisation
Solubility fouling :
Deposition of Dissolved solids
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Process
Material
CONTAMINATION
Corrosion Products
Lubricants
Sludge
Water
CuShell
+ Cu
Alloys
Thermia B
Thermic
Fluid
Degraded
Thermic
Fluid
Mixing different
brands of Thermic Fluids
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Thermic fluid degredation process
OXIDATION
+
LOWER
VISCOSITY
+
+
LIGHTER
HYDRO
CARBONS
CONTAMINATION
+
CRACKING
LOWER FLASH
POINT
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
FORMATION
OF
DEPOSITS
THERMIC FLUID DEGRADATION
MAJOR FACTORS
 Oxidation
- Exposure to air
 Coking - High film temperature
 Formation of low boilers
 Thermal cracking
 Dehydrogenation - gas formation
 Reaction with foreign matter
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
SOME OPERATING CHALLENGES








UNCONTROLLED MIXING
INERT GAS BLANKETING NOT THERE
DE TANK TEMPERATURE IS HIGH
OPERATING TEMPERATURE VARIES BY 10 TO 20
DEG C.
LACK OF PERIODIC OIL ANALYSIS PROGRAMME
ABSOLETE CRITERIA FOR DISCARDING OIL
PILFERAGE/ MIXING
POOR RECORDING PRACTICES
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
SOME OPERATING CHALLENGES

SPURIOUS PRODUCT TOPUP

POOR OPERATING KNOWLEDGE

REPORTING OF COMPLAINTS
UNSTRUCTURED

COLLECTION & TRANSPORTATION
OF SAMPLES VERY POOR
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
HOW DOES SHELL THERMIA B TAKE CARE OF
THESE OPERATING CHALLENGES




UNCONTROLLED
MIXING
INERT GAS
BLANKETING NOT
THERE
DE TANK
TEMPERATURES HIGH
OPERATING
TEMPERATURE
VARIATION BY 10 TO 20
DEG C
Shell Thermia B

TEST BEFORE MIXING

INBUILT FACTOR OF
SAFETY

HIGH ON ANTI
OXIDATION PROPERTY

INBUILT FACTOR OF
SAFETY
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
HOW DOES SHELL THERMIA B TAKE CARE OF
THESE OPERATING CHALLENGES………CONTD.

LACK OF PERIODIC OIL
ANALYSIS PROGRAMME

SHELL CARE

ABSOLUTE DISCARD
CRITERIA

ON TRENDS GIVEN BY
SHELL CARE.

PILFERAGE/ MIXING


POOR RECORDING
PRACTICES

DEDICATED TRANSPORT
VEHICLES
SHELL CARE OCM
CUSTOMER EDUCATION
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
HOW DOES SHELL THERMIA B TAKE CARE OF
THESE OPERATING CHALLENGES………..CONTD.




SPURIOUS PRODUCT
TOPUP
POOR OPERATING
KNOWLEDGE
REPORTING OF
COMPLAINTS
UNSTRUCTURED
COLLECTION &
TRANSPORTATION OF
SAMPLES VERY POOR
Shell Thermia B

SHELL CARE
MONITORING

CUSTOMER TRAINING

COMPLAINT HANDLING
SYSTEM

SHELL CARE KIT
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Shell Thermia B
“All Oils are not the
same”
So what ? What is in it for
me ?
Shell Thermia B
Shell Base Oils
Extraction Company
Refining Company
Blending Plant
Shell Oils
Shell Thermia B
Does Variability really matter ?
Characteristic
Spot Market Base Oil
Viscosity
Viscosity Index
Pour Point
Defined
Defined
Defined
Sulphur Content
Nitrogen Content
Mono Aromatic Content
Di Aromatic Content
Poly Aromatic Content
Straight Chain Paraffin Cont.
Shell Thermia B
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Does Variability really matter ?
Branched Paraffin Cont.
Flash Point
Acidity
Total Polar Content
Residual Carbon
Oxidation Performance
Air Release
Demulsification
Demulsibility
Other minor factors
Shell Thermia B
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
variable
variable
“Non variable Formulation”
• Vertically Integrated Proposition
• Exclusive non variable formulation
• 19 base oil parameters defined & controlled
Shell Thermia B
SHELL THERMIA B : Key characteristics
Bulk Temperature upto : 3200C
Film Temperature upto : 3400C
Density @ 150C
: 0.868
Flash point (COC)
: 2100C
Kin Viscosity @ 400C : 25 cSt
@ 1000C : 4.65 cSt
@ 3000C : 0.5 cSt
Pour Point
: -90C
Thermal Expansion/0C : 0.00076
Neutralization Number : 0.05 mg KOH/g
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Shell Thermia B
FEATURES
High Oxidation Stability
Benefits for you
Longer oil life and higher heat
transfer characteristics
High Thermal Stability
Lower top ups, hence lower
Thermic fluid consumption
Better Viscosity -Temperature
Promotes turbulent flow for better
Characteristics ( See Graph)
heat transfer efficiency
Higher fresh oil Flash point
Lower top up and longer life of oil.
Higher Specific heat – Temperature Greater heat carrying capacitybehaviour
better efficiency of heater
Higher Thermal conductivity
Higher rate of heat transfer across
temperature gradient.
Lower Pour point
Higher level of refining, hence
better Thermic fluid.
Shell Thermia B
Shell CARE
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Shell Lube Analyst : ….What is it ?!
Oil condition monitoring program
–
–
–
Interpretation
Diagnosis
Remedial Action
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Shell Lube Analyst : ….Why ?!
Trend analysis
Uniform testing facilities
Monitors equipment condition
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Only where the
oil is in contact
with parts
Shell Lube Analyst :
….How?!
Sample courier infrastructure
Expert diagnoticians
Quick Reports (within max 72 hours)
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Shell Lube Analyst :
….How?!
Welcome Kit
Clearly defined & controlled process
World class testing facility
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Shell Lube analyst CARE limits for in-service heat
transfer oil
Physio-Chem
Parameter
Kin. Viscosity @
40/100ºC
Limiting Value Comments
(+/-) 25%
Check TAN & Flash Point
also before discarding
Flash Point
170ºC
TAN
1.75 - 2.00
Total insolubles
2.00% by wt
Vent system and recheck
flash point before
discarding
Depending on system
volume, topup & service life
check viscosity & metals
before discarding
Check TAN before
discarding
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Shell Lube Analyst

- How does it operate ?!
Customer


Collection Center
Shell Lab

 Improvement
Diagnosis
Report
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Benefits of Shell Lube Analyst
•Feed back on oil condition
•Minimize unscheduled shut downs
•Optimization of oil life in the system
•Increased equipment availability
•Peace of Mind
•LOW COST OF OPERATION - IT SAVES YOU MONEY
Shell Thermia B
BENEFITS OF SHELL THERMIA B
PROPOSITION

MOST RELIABLE PRODUCT FOR INDIAN
WORKING CONDITIONS

Shell Lube Analyst
+ NO ADDITIONAL COST
+ DIAGNOSIS & REMEDY BY EXPERTS
+ WORLDCLASS OCM PROGRAMME
+ 72 HOURS TURN AROUND TIME
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
SERVICES

INBUILT CONDITION MONITORING
PROGRAM (SHELL CARE)

APPLICATION ADVICE

LOGISTIC SUPPORT AVAILABLE ANYTIME BY
SHELL STAFF

CUSTOMER EDUCATION & TRAINING

COMPLAINT HANDLING
Shell Thermia B
Best performer in most demanding
conditions
Product
Service
Total
solution
Logistics