Photosynthesis
Chapter 8
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Section:
Interest Grabber
Section 8-1
Saving for a Rainy Day
Suppose you earned extra money by having a parttime job. At first, you might be tempted to spend all
of the money, but then you decide to open a bank
account.
1. What are the benefits of having a bank account?
2. What do you have to do if you need some of this
money?
3. What might your body do when it has more
energy than it needs to carry out its activities?
4. What does your body do when it needs energy?
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Section:
Section Outline
Section 8-1
I. Energy and Life
A. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
B. Chemical Energy and ATP
(adenosine triphosphate)
1. principal chemical compound
used in cells to store and release
energy
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Section:
ATP
Section 8-1
Adenine
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Section:
Ribose
3 Phosphate groups
2. Energy is primarily stored at
ATP
3. To release energy the chemical
bond between the second and
third phosphate groups is broken
producing ADP (adenosine
diphosphate)
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Section:
Figure 8-3 Comparison of ADP and
ATP to a Battery
Section 8-1
ADP
ATP
Energy
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate
Partially
charged
battery
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Section:
Energy
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Fully
charged
battery
Figure 8-3 Comparison of ADP and
ATP to a Battery
Section 8-1
ADP
ATP
Energy
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate
Partially
charged
battery
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Section:
Energy
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Fully
charged
battery
Video 1
ATP Formation
Video 1
Click the image to play the video segment.
C. Using Biochemical Energy
1. ATP is used for:
a. active transport of ions
b. synthesis of proteins and nucleic
acids
c. respond to chemical signals on the
cell surface
2. ATP is not good for storing large
amounts of energy long term
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Section:
3. One glucose molecule stores 90
times more chemical energy than one
molecule of ATP
4. Cells can regenerate ATP from ADP
as needed by using glucose
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Section:
Section Outline
Section 8-2
II. Photosynthesis: An Overview
A. Photosynthesis – the conversion of
light energy, water, and carbon
dioxide into high-energy carbohydrate
(ie – glucose)
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Section:
Photosynthesis: Reactants and Products
Section 8-2
Light Energy
Chloroplast
CO2 + H2O
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Section:
Sugars + O2
B. Photosynthesis Equation
Carbon dioxide + water
6CO2 + 6H2O
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Section:
light
light
sugars + oxygen
C6H12O6 + 6O2
Video 2
Photosynthesis
Video 2
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C. Light and Pigments
1. Photosynthesis also requires light and
chlorophyll
2. Pigments
a. light absorbing molecules
b. Gather the sun’s energy
3. Chlorophyll
a. Principal pigment used by plants
b. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b
4.Go Carotenoids
to
Section:
Absorption of Light by
Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll a
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Section:
V
B
G
Y O
R
Section Outline
Section 8-3
III. The Reactions of Photosynthesis
A. Photosynthsis takes place inside
chloroplasts
1. thylakoids
a. Saclike photosynthetic membranes
b. Light collecting units of the
chloroplasts
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Section:
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Section:
2. stroma
a. Space outside the thylakoid
membranes
b. Light independent reactions or
Calvin cycle occurs here
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Section:
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Section:
B. Light-Dependent Reactions
1. require light
2. produce oxygen gas
3. convert ADP and NADP+ into
energy carries ATP and NADPH
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Section:
Video 3
Light-Dependent Reactions, Part 1
Video 3
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segment.
Video 4
Light-Dependent Reactions, Part 2
Video 4
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C. Light-Independent Reactions/Calvin Cycle
1. uses ATP and NADPH from the lightdependent reactions to produce highenergy sugars
2. the ATP and NADPH formed by the lightdependent reactions contain a large
amount of unstable chemical energy
3. the Calvin Cycle turns this energy into a
stable form that can be stored for a long
time
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Section:
Video 5
Calvin Cycle
Video 5
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Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
use
to produce
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Section:
takes place in
take place in
of
uses
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
use
to produce
Go to
Section:
Calvin cycle
takes place in
take place in
of
uses
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
use
Calvin cycle
takes place in
take place in
uses
Energy from
sunlight
to produce
Go to
Section:
of
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
use
Calvin cycle
takes place in
take place in
uses
Energy from
sunlight
to produce
ATP
Go to
Section:
of
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
use
Calvin cycle
takes place in
take place in
uses
Energy from
sunlight
to produce
ATP
NADPH
Go to
Section:
of
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
use
Calvin cycle
takes place in
take place in
uses
Energy from
sunlight
to produce
ATP
NADPH
Go to
Section:
of
O2
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
Calvin cycle
use
take place in
Energy from
sunlight
Thylakoid
membranes
to produce
ATP
NADPH
Go to
Section:
takes place in
of
O2
uses
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
Calvin cycle
use
take place in
Energy from
sunlight
Thylakoid
membranes
to produce
ATP
NADPH
Go to
Section:
takes place in
of
O2
Chloroplasts
uses
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
Calvin cycle
use
take place in
Energy from
sunlight
Thylakoid
membranes
to produce
ATP
NADPH
Go to
Section:
takes place in
Stroma
of
O2
uses
Chloroplasts
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
Calvin cycle
use
take place in
Energy from
sunlight
Thylakoid
membranes
to produce
ATP
NADPH
Go to
Section:
takes place in
Stroma
of
O2
Chloroplasts
uses
ATP
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
Calvin cycle
use
take place in
Energy from
sunlight
Thylakoid
membranes
to produce
ATP
NADPH
Go to
Section:
takes place in
Stroma
of
O2
Chloroplasts
uses
ATP
NADPH
to produce
Concept Map
Section 8-3
Photosynthesis
includes
Lightdependent
reactions
Calvin cycle
use
take place in
Energy from
sunlight
Thylakoid
membranes
to produce
ATP
NADPH
Go to
Section:
O2
takes place in
Stroma
uses
ATP
NADPH
of
to produce
Chloroplasts
High-energy
sugars
Figure 8-7 Photosynthesis: An Overview
Section 8-3
Light
CO2
Chloroplast
Chloroplast
NADP+
ADP + P
LightDependent
Reactions
Calvin
Cycle
ATP
NADPH
O2
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Section:
Sugars
Figure 8-10 Light-Dependent Reactions
Section 8-3
Photosystem II
Hydrogen
Ion Movement
Chloroplast
ATP synthase
Inner
Thylakoid
Space
Thylakoid
Membrane
Stroma
Electron
Transport Chain
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Section:
Photosystem I
ATP Formation
Figure 8-11 Calvin Cycle
Section 8-3
CO2 Enters the Cycle
Energy Input
ChloropIast
5-Carbon
Molecules
Regenerated
6-Carbon Sugar
Produced
Sugars and other compounds
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Section:
The end
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Section: