Tear gas
Brno University of technology, Faculty of chemistry
Emergency and crisis management
Jan Brzobohatý
Chemical warfare
► Nerve
paralytic agents – Sarin, Soman, Tabun
► Vesicant agents – Mustard gas (sulphuric or
nitrogenic)
► Afterdamp agents – Hydrocyanic acid, phosgene,
chlorine
► Generally poisonous agents
► Irritant agents – non letal weapons – tear gases
group
►
[ Vesicant = zpuchýřující, mustard gas = yperit, afterdamp = dusivý ]
Kinds of tear gases
► 1)
CN gas – main agent is chloroacetophenone.
Kinds of tear gases
► CS
gas – main agent is chlorobenzalmalononitrile
Kinds of tear gases
► OC
gas – the main
agent is organic
compound capsaicine.
OC gas is known as
pepper spray too. OC
gas is the most used
kind of tear gas.
Applications of tear gas
► Classic
pepper spray – the most used
► Fluid shot
► Foam – the most modern and effective way
► Gas grenade – used in army
Fluid shot 
Pepper spray
Tear gas effects
► Eyes
and skin inflammation and irritation
► Respiration problems
► High concetration, long exposition –
damage of kidney and liver
Effect of tear gas is very individual.
First aid and protection against tear
gas
► First
aid : 1) Leaving contaminated area
► Protection
2) Washing contaminated parts of
body
3) Staing in open air
: 1) Wet hanky or towel
2) Protection spray
3) Gas mask
Information sources
► www.chemfinder.com
► http://temneuzemi.webzdarma.cz
► www.answers.com
► www.wikepedia.com
► www.google.com