Chapter 7
http://geneticssuite.net/node/11
Cellular
respiration
“Stop and Think” pg. 340
1. What variable or variables affected the volume in your test
tube? Provide evidence for your answer using that your
team and other teams collected.
2. Yeast needs a source of food in the form of chemical
energy for cellular respiration. What do you think was the
source of chemical energy in the investigation?
3. Anacharis gave of the same gas in Part I Cellular Activities
in Plant as the gas that was in the test tube. Where do you
think the gas came from? Use what you know about the
law of conservation of matter. Write your ideas down in
your notebook.
“Stop and Think” pg. 340
1. Yeast was the variable that affected the volume
of gas
2. Sugar was the source of chemical energy in the
investigation
3. Gas did not come from the air, right?
So where did it come from?
The gas came from the molecules that
must have been in the yeast and
Anacharis.
Quick Review
Sound
Familiar?
Cell Analogy
Project
Photosynthesis
http://plantphys.info/plant_physiology/basiccytology1.shtml
Cellular Respiration
Occurs in the cytosol and the
mitochondria
Mitochondria
Cytosol: jelly like substance in the
cytoplasm
Mitochondria: ?
http://lifeofplant.blogspot.com/2011/05/cytosol.html
"cellular power house“,
they generate most of the
cell's supply of (ATP), used
as a source of chemical
energy
We have the where but what
is cellular respiration?
Occurs within all living things plants and animals
Is essential for survival
Is the process of breaking down glucose for energy
Wait didn’t we just make glucose in photosynthesis?
All that work we did and now we are going to break it down?
• Yup!
6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2
•
•
•
•
• Look Familiar?
Photosynthesis equation.
C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
• WHOA! Mind blown?
Cellular Respiration Equation
Can occur with or without
oxygen
Aerobic Respiration: Cellular respiration with oxygen
Three Stages:
• Each stage involves a series of chemical reactions to
produce ATP for energy
Stages include:
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron
Transport Chain
http://biocom.wikispaces.com/Photosynthesis+%26+Cell+Respiration
Glycolysis
• First stage aerobic respiration
• Occurs Cytosol
• Glucose: two molecules of pyruvate
INPUT
Glucose
• Begin 6-Carbon Sugar
• Two ATP molecules transfer a
phosphate to glucose
• Glucose: two molecules containing
3 carbons
• Rearrangement of Carbon atoms:
pyruvate. ATP and NADH are produced
• Two molecules of pyruvate
formed
• Pyruvate: carbon molecule
found at the end product of
glycolysis
Pyruvate OUTPUT
http://jasowers13.edublogs.org/2011/06/08/8-1-2outline-the-process-of-glycolysis-includingphosphorylation-lysis-oxidation-and-atp-formation/
Diagram modified by: Tiffany Adams
Krebs Cycle In
Mitochondria
INPUT
C
C
C
NAD+
NADH
• 2 molecules of
pyruvate enter the
mitochondria
Pyruvate
CO2
C
C
NADH
• Each pyruvate is
converted to a
two-carbon
molecule
• Enzymes release
CO2 from pyruvate
• NADH & ATP
produced
• Two more ATP
molecules
NAD+
Krebs
Cycle
CO2
NAD+
NADH
ADP
2ATP
CO2
OUTPUT
Created by Tiffany Adams based on textbook Figure 7.11
page 324. BSCS Science: An Inquiry Approach. Colorado:
Electron Transport Chain
•
•
•
•
•
http://biochemistryforlife.wikispaces.com/Respiration
•
•
http://icanhasscience.com/fun-stuff/sour-patch-kidsare-full-of-protons/
Uses the NADH from previous
stages (INPUT)
NADH molecules carry the H
atoms
H separated: electrons & protons
Electrons move from carrier to
the next they release Energy
Protons are pumped across the
membrane (concentration
gradient)
• this drives ATP production as
protons DIFFUSE back to the
mitochondria
Protons diffuse are pumped thru
ATP synthase (creating the most
ATP) (OUTPUT)
End: electrons and protons join
with O2 to form H2O (OUTPUT)
Anaerobic Respiration
•
•
•
•
Anaerobic respiration: oxygen NOT required
Glucose: pyruvate and small amount of ATP
ATP production ends glycolysis
Pyruvate is converted into other molecules
(fermentation)
Anaerobic
Respiration
Aerobic
Respiration
Fermentation/
Lactate Net
ATP =2
Citric acid cycle=
Krebs cycle
Net
ATP=36
http://bio1151.nicerweb.com/Locked/media/ch09/anaerobic.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-ZZETT6F-s
Biosynthesis
• ATP provides energy for biosynthesis reactions
in cells
• Biosynthesis reactions form larger, more
complex molecules from less-complex
molecules
• Such as the formation of starch from
glucose
• Biosynthesis helps organisms to grow and
maintain their structure
• Definition provided by definition bing.com
• biological production of chemical
substances: the synthesis of chemical
substances as the result of biological
activity
“Stop and Think” pg. 344
1. Where does cellular respiration take place?
2. Why do you think it is important that plants contain mitochondria?
3. What evidence do you have that cellular respiration occurs in plant
cells? Think back to your investigation of Anacharis. What gases
did the plant exchange?
4. How is combustion similar to respiration? Recall that you learned
about combustion of methane in the Matter Is Marvelous Unit. The
reactions are shown here.
Combustion CH4 + 2 O2
Cellular Respiration C6H12 + 6O2
CO2 + H2O + heat
6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
5. Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration use a T-table or Venn
diagram to list any similarities and differences between them.
“Stop and Think” pg. 344
1. Inside the cells
2. Because it is where the cellular respiration takes
place in plant cells as well as yeast and animal
cells
3. When we saw a decrease in pH with the
Anacharis. This indicates that the Anacharis can
five off carbon dioxide, which is a product of
cellular respiration
4. Combustion and cellular respiration both give off
carbon dioxide, water, and energy. Combustion
the energy is heat and in Cellular respiration the
energy is ATP
5. Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration use a T-table
or Venn diagram to list any similarities and differences
between them.
http://gottalovebio.wikispaces.com/H+Giavedoni
“Reflect and Connect” pg. 345
1. What functions are ATP molecules used for?
2. What role does glucose play in cellular respiration?
3. Create a concept map of the process of cellular respiration using the
following words and any other words you would like to add.
Remember to use verbs to connect the concepts to show
relationships. Arrange the concept map so that the most universal
concept is at the top.
• Cellular Respiration
• Oxygen
• Water
• Biosynthesis reactions
• Carbon Dioxide
• Glucose
• ATP
4. Why is cellular respiration important to all living things, including
plants?
5. What do you think the relationship is between photosynthesis and
cellular respiration? Keep in mind how the reactants, products, and
energy in these processes might be related the generalized equations
are shown here
Photosynthesis:
6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Cellular Respiration: C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
“Reflect and Connect” pg. 345
1. ATP molecules are needed for basic cell functions
such as active transport across membranes and
biosynthesis molecules.
2. Glucose provides the energy that is converted to
ATP during cellular respiration
3. Concept map on next slide
4. Cellular respiration is important for all living things
because it provides energy in the form of ATP that
is necessary to carry out basic cellular processes.
5. You provide me the answers.
3. Concept Map
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
Cellular Respiration
Glucose
CO2
H2O
O2
ATP
Glycolysis
Anaerobic
respiration
Electron
Transport
Krebs
Cycle
Biosynthesis
reactions
Bennett/
Strasburg,
Colorado
Glycolysis Eastern Colorado
Style
http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=60722&title=claymation_glycolysis