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Can describe the system through which the complexes can be named according to the number of rules that were agreed upon by the
International Union (IUPAC) for theoretical and applied chemistry
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1When you write a compound formula must be written ion compound in square brackets []
Where the metal first written code And then order the coordinate groups as follows : negative , neutral and cationic groups. for example:
4
3
4
3
[CoClCNNO
2
(NH
3
)
3
]
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2- To name the complex write the name of the positive ion first and then the negative ion as it is in simple salts.
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Cation
Na anion
Cl Soduim Chloride
[Co(NH
3
)
6
] (NO
3
)
3
K
Hexaamminecobalt(III)nitrate
[PtCl
6
] Potassium hexachloroplatinate
Potassium hexachloroplatinate(V)
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3 – name coordinate groups
A coordination groups, such as neutral molecules such as write
Ethylenediamine
NH
2
-CH
2
-CH
2
-NH
2
B – Coordanation groups; negative end
(o) such as
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# For anionic ligands end in "-o"; for anions that end in
"-ide“(e.g. chloride),
"-ate" (e.g. sulfate, nitrate), and
"-ite" (e.g. nirite), change the endings as follows:
-ide -o;
-ate -ato;
-ite -ito
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Table 1. Names of Some Common
Ligands :
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Anionic
Ligands
SO
4
2¯
H¯
F¯
Cl¯
OH¯
C
2
O
4
2¯
CH
3
COO¯
O
2
2¯
O 2-
NO
2
¯
SCN -
CN -
ONO
2
-
Names sulphato hydrido
Fluoro
Chloro
Hydroxo
Oxalato
Acetato
Peroxo oxo nitro
Thiocyano cyano nitrato

CCoordinate groups a very rare positive end (ium) such as hydrazinium
[NH
2
-NH
3
] + and ammonium [NH
4
] +
DThere are some exceptions to name Coordination in the following cases :
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Table 2. Names of Some Common Ligands :
Neutral Ligands Names
NH
3
H
2
O
NO
CO
O
2
N
2
C
5
H
5
N
D-Najlaa alradadi ammine aqua
Nitrosyl
Carbonyl dioxygen dinitrogen pyridine
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4- order of the Coordination groups
Called in the following order
1) negative group or atom
2) Neutral
3) positive
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As in the following examples
Chemical Formula
K
4
[Ni(CN)
6
]
[Co(NH
3
)
4
SO
4
]NO
3
[Co(NH
3
)
3
(NO
2
)
3
]
Nomenclature botissum hexacyanonikel(П)
Potassium hexacyanonikel(П) sulphatotetraamminecobalt(Ш)
Nitrate
Tetraamminesulphatocobalt(Ш)nitrate
Trinitrotriamminecobalt(Ш)
Triamminetrinitrocobalt(Ш)
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5Greek prefixes are used to designate the number of each type of ligand in the complex ion, e.g. di-, tri- and tetra.
If the ligand already contains a Greek prefix (e.g. ethylenediamine ) or if it is polydentate ligands (ie. can attach at more than one binding site) the prefixes bis-, tris-, tetrakis-, pentakis-, are used instead The numerical prefixes are listed in Table
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Table3. Numerical Prefixes
1
2
3
4
Number Prefix Number Prefix Number Prefix mono di (bis) tri (tris) tetra
(tetrakis)
5
6
7
8 penta
(pentakis) hexa
(hexakis) hepta octa
9
10
11
12 nona
(ennea) deca undeca dodeca
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Prefix numbers such as:
AThey are added before the names of groups coordination or ions
Di
Tri
Tetra
Penta
Hexa
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BThe Avatar (bis), (tris),
(tetrakis), (pentakis), and
(hexakis) are used by compound names for groups .
Such as:
[Co(en)
2
Cl]SO
4
Chloro bis ethylenediaminecobalt
(Ш) Sulphate
Chlorobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) Sulphate
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6- names of the elements that make up the central atom:
For the anionic complexes , the name of the item ends with (ate) , while in neutral or cationic complexes remains unchanged name of the item as it is without the addition of :
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After naming the ligands, name the central metal.
-If the complex ion is a cation , the metal is named same as the element.
For example, Co in a complex cation is call cobalt and Pt is called platinum.
-If the complex ion is an anion , the name of the metal ends with the suffix – ate .
For example, Co in a complex anion is called cobaltate and
Pt is called platinate.
For some metals, the Latin names are used in the complex anions e.g. Fe is called ferrate (not ironate).
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For historic reasons, some coordination compounds are called by their common names.
For example,
Fe(CN)
6
3and Fe(CN)
6
4are named ferric cyan ide and ferro cyan ide respectively, and Fe(CO)
5 carbonyl.
is called iron
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Table 4: Name of Metals in Anionic Complexes
Name of Metal
Iron
Copper
Lead
Silver
Gold
Tin
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Name in an Anionic
Complex
Ferrate
Cuprate
Plumbate
Argenate
Aurate
Stannate
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Chemical
Formula
Nomenclature
NH
4
Ca
2
[Fe(CN)
[Cr(NH
3
)
2
6
]
(NCS)
4
]
[Pt(NH
3
)
4
(NO
2
)Cl]SO
4 calcium hexacyano Ferrate(II)
Calcium hexacyanof errate(II) amminum tetrathicyanatobisethyleneammi nechromate(III)
Ammonium diamminetetrathiocyanatochromate(III) chloronitrotetraammineplatinum(IV)
Sulphate
Tetraamminechloronitroplatinum(IV)sulphate bisdi methylGlicosematonickel(II)
[Ni(DMG)
2
] Bis(di methylGlyoximo)nickel(II)
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7- Oxidation states
Reflects the oxidation states of an atom the central element of the remembrance of the corresponding figure in the Latin name of the compound end
Or after the element name and put number in brackets ) II ( .
this
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K
3
[Al(C
2
O
4
)
3
] potassium trioxalatoaluminumate(III)
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8Groups that link the two atoms in the center
Some groups are linking between two atoms in the center in
complex multi-center and this is called by adding the Latin alphabet µ befor the names of the various groups that are linking such as
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Bridge
-
µ
dihydroxooctaaquadiiron(II) sulphate di -
µ
hydroxobis(tetraaquairon(II) )sulphate
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9- Some groups-giving can be linked to the seed through a central element atoms such as a group Althiocyanid (SCN ¯) are either linked through the sulfur atom or nitrogen atom, and the name is different in each case as follows:
[SCN ¯] Thiocyanato
[N ¯ CS] Aazothiocyanato
[NO2 ¯] nitro
[
-
ON ¯ O] nitrato
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[Pt(NH
3
)
2
Cl
2
]
[Ti(H
2
O)
6
]Cl
3
K
3
[CoF
6
] dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) diamminedichloroplatinum(II)
Hexaaquatitanium(III) chloride
Potissum hexafluorocobaltate(III)
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[Pt(NH
3
)
4
(NO
2
)Cl]SO
4
[Ni(CO)
4
]
Na[Co(CO)
4
]
[(dipy)Pd(NCS)
2
]
[Co(en)
3
] 3+
[Cr(H
2
O)
4
Cl
2
]Cl
[ZnCl
5
] 3-
Na
3
[Co(NO
2
)
6
]
Hg[Co(SCN)
4
]
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[CuCl
4
] 2-
H
2
[PtCl
6
]
[Co(NH
3
)
4
SO
4
]NO
3
K[AgF
4
]
K
4
[Fe(CN)
6
]
Ba[Pt(CN)
4
]
Ca
2
[Fe(CN)
6
]
K
3
[Fe(CN)
6
]
Na
2
[Co(CN)
4
]
K
4
[Ni(CN)
4
]
Na
2
[CoCl
4
]
NH
4
[Cr(NH
3
)
2
(SCN)
4
]
K
4
[CoCl
4
]
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[Fe(H
2
O)
6
]SO
4
[Co(NH
3
)
6
]Cl
3
[Co(NH
3
)
6
](NO
3
)
3
[Co(NH
3
)
4
SO
4
]NO
3
[Co(NH
3
)
4
NO
3
]SO
4
[Co(NH
3
)
4
Cl
2
]Cl
[Fe(H
2
O)
6
]SO
4
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[Cr(H
2
O)
4
Cl
2
]ClO
4
[Pt(NH
3
)
4
(ONO
2
)
2
]
[Ni(CO)
4
]
K
3
[Co(NO
2
)
6
]
[PtCl
6
]
NH
4
[Cr(SCN)
4
(NH
3
)
2
]
[Co(NH
3
)
6
][Cr(C
2
O
4
)
3
]
[Co(NH
3
)
5
Br]SO
4
[Co(NH
3
)
5
Br]SO
4
[Cr(en)
2
Cl
2
]Cl
[Pt(py)
4
][PtCl
4
]
K
4
[NiF
6
]
[Co(NH
3
)
4
SO
4
]NO
3
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