Chapter 15

Cytogenetic is
1. A photographic representation of chromosome.
2. The field of genetics that involves the microscopic examination of the chromosomes and cell division.
3. The sorting process to divide one cell nucleus into two nuclei.
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1 2 3 4. The process by which the haploid cells are 4 produced from a cell that was originally diploid.
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DNA associates very tightly with nucleosomes because
1. DNA can form covalent bonds with histone proteins.
2. negative charges on DNA are attracted to positive charges of the histone proteins.
0% 0% 0% 0% 3. the histone tails wrap tightly around the DNA
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4. the amino acids of histone proteins are largely acidic, while DNA molecules are basic.
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During metaphase,
1. heterochromatin is converted to euchromatin.
2. chromosomes are about 30 nm wide.
3. chromosomes are much shorter than they were in interphase.
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1 2 3 4 4. chromosomes undergo gene transcription.
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5. the "beads on a string" structure is visible.
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Which of the following statements is correct about the cell cycle?
1. The cell cycle is a sequence of replication and division that produces a new cells.
2. The phase of the cell cycle are G1, S, and M phases.
3. In actively dividing cells, the S and G2 phases
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4. When the S phase of the cell cycle is finished, a cell actually has twice as many chromatids as the number of chromosomes in the G1 phase.
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1. 46
2. 44
3. 23
4. 22
5. 11
Humans have __________ different types of autosomes.
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Consider an organism whose karyotype shows it to have a total of 60 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be contained in the sperm of this organism?
1. 23
2. 30
3. 46
4. 60
5. 90
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Which of the following statements is incorrect concerning sister chromatids?
1. The formation of sister chromatids doubles the amount of DNA in a cell.
2. Sister chromatids consist of two identical copies of a single homologue.
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3. Sister chromatids are held together at the
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4. Sister chromatids separate during telophase.
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Which of the following is not a part of the mitotic spindle apparatus in plants?
1. Centrosome
2. Centriole
3. Tubulin protein
4. Kinetochore microtubules
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Place the following events of mitosis in the correct order.
I. Sister chromatids align on the metaphase plate.
II. The cleavage furrow forms.
III. The nuclear membrane breaks up.
IV. Sister chromatids condense.
V. Sister chromatids separate.
1. I, II, III, IV, V
2. III, IV, I, V, II
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3. IV, III, I, V, II
4. III, II, I, IV, V
5. IV, I, III, V, II
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The process by which haploid cells are produced from diploid cells is called
1. sexual reproduction.
2. mitosis.
3. fertilization.
4. meiosis.
5. reduction.
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The formation of the bivalent during meiosis
1. is required for the pairing of homologous chromosomes.
2. contributes to the genetic diversity of a species.
3. aids the alignment of sister chromatids in a
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4. occurs during meiosis II.
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At the end of meiosis I
1. cells are haploid.
2. cells are diploid.
3. sister chromatids are in separate cells.
4. the homologous pairs are in separate cells.
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2 3 4 5 pairs are in separate cells.
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The major way that meiosis II differs from mitosis is that
1. in meiosis II, the homologous sister chromatids align at the metaphase plate as a tetrad.
2. in meiosis II, a pair of sister chromatids move to the pole.
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3. in meiosis II, the cells are haploid.
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4. in meiosis II, a synaptonemal complex is formed.
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In a haploid dominant species
1. the multicellular organism is diploid and the gametes are haploid.
2. the multicellular organism is haploid and the gametes are diploid.
3. diploid cells are produced by mitosis and
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4. the zygote is haploid.
5. the multicellular organism is haploid and the zygote is diploid.
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You prepare the first ever karyotype of an endangered species of frog. Upon examination you find that all the chromosomes are metacentric. This is going to make it difficult to identify
1. which is the p arm of the chromosome.
2. which is the q arm of the chromosome.
3. the unique G banding for each chromosome.
4. if the chromosomes are telocentric.
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5. both the p and q arms of the chromosome.
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Horses and donkeys are closely related species that can interbreed. However, the offspring produced are usually sterile and cannot reproduce. What term would best describe the offspring from this mating?
1. Alloploid
2. Euploid
3. Trisomic
4. Polyploid
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Consider a cell in which all of the homologous chromosomes experience nondisjunction during meiosis I. What would be the result of this event?
1. two polyploid gametes
2. one trisomic and three monosomic gametes
3. four aneuploid gametes
4. four monosomic gametes
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5. four aneuploid gametes: one trisomic and three monosomic
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Most human embryos that are aneuploid
1. result in Down's syndrome.
2. result in sterility.
3. are spontaneously aborted in the first trimester.
0% 0% 0% 4. can develop and survive to adulthood.
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5. are usually the result of increased nondisjunction in the gametes of older men.
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The centromere
1. is a region of DNA where sister chromatids associate.
2. is a group of proteins that attach to the kinetochore.
3. is only present when chromosomes are highly compacted.
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4. is a group of proteins that attach to the
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5. is not present on the chromosomes of the daughter cells until the S phase.
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A species that has three sets of homologous chromosomes can have up to _ different combinations of chromosomes in the gametes.
1. 3
2. 7
3. 8
4. 27
5. 64
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