THE FOUR MOST IMPORTANT CELL ORGANELLES ARE…
1. Nucleus
Control Center,
Stores DNA
2. Cell Membrane
Lets things in
and out of the
cell
3. Mitochondrion
4. Ribosomes
Releases
ENERGY from
food
Makes
PROTEINS
What is
the main
function
of the
nucleus?
The nucleus stores DNA.
WHAT IS DNA?
DNA
IS FOUND IN THE NUCLEUS
WHAT IS DNA?
WHAT IS DNA?
HUMANS AND CHIMPANZEES
SHARE 98% OF THEIR DNA
HUMANS AND MICE
SHARE 92% OF THEIR DNA
HUMANS AND BANANAS
SHARE 50% OF THEIR DNA
HUMANS AND YEAST CELLS
SHARE 26% OF THEIR DNA
HUMANS AND WEEDS
SHARE 18% OF THEIR DNA
ATCGGCTCGCTTAGGC
CCAATCTATCGGATCG
GCTCGCTTAGGCCCAA
TCTATCGGATCGGCTC
WHAT IS DNA?
GCTTAGATCGAATCTAT
CGGTCTATCGGATCGG
CTCGCTTAGGCCCAAT
DNA
DNA
Gene
DNA
Gene
Chromosome
Where in the cell is DNA
found?
Where in the cell is DNA
found?
In the NUCLEUS!
What precious
information does DNA
contain?
DNA has all the
information to make all of
the proteins in our body.
2.) DNA is your genetic code,
the instructions to make
every protein in your body.
ATCG
2.) DNA is your genetic code,
the instructions to make
every protein in your body.
ATCG
3.) Amazingly, the code is made up
of the same four bases repeated
over and over in different patterns.
ATCGGCTCGCTTAGGC
CCAATCTATCGGATCG
GCTCGCTTAGGCCCAA
TCTATCGGATCGGCTC
GCTTAGATCGAATCTAT
CGGTCTATCGGATCGG
CTCGCTTAGGCCCAAT
These four bases are always
found in pairs…
ATCG
TAGC
4.) Adenine (A) always bonds with Thymine (T).
5.) Guanine (G) always bonds with Cytosine (C).
These base pairs repeat
over and over in different sequences.
The base pairs form a long ladder …
CG ATCG ATCG ATCG ATC
GC TAGC TAGC TAGC TAG
6.) This long ladder of base pairs is
twisted into a double helix …
DNA is like a slinky.
Stretched out it is very long.
But twisted, the slinky (like DNA) can fit in a
small space (the nucleus).
7.) DNA is very long. It is twisted so it
can fit into the nucleus of the cell …
CG ATCG ATCG ATCG ATC
GC TAGC TAGC TAGC TAG
DNA is the instructions to make all the
parts of you…
CG ATCG ATCG ATCG ATC
GC TAGC TAGC TAGC TAG
DNA is also the instructions for cells
to make new copies of themselves …
DNA is also the instructions for cells
to make new copies of themselves …
DNA is also the instructions for cells
to make new copies of themselves …
Identical Cells
DNA stores information to:
1. Make copies of cells
2. Make all the parts of the body