DNA, RNA, and DNA Replication
DNA vs RNA
 Deoxyribonucleic Acid
 Ribonucleic Acid
 Double Helix Shaped
 Single Helix Shaped
 Forms:
 Forms:
Nuclear
Mitochondrial
Chromosomal
 Never leaves Nucleus
 Contains C,G, A, T
Messenger
Transfer
Ribosomal
 Leaves Nucleus
 Contains C, G, A, U
DNA Base Pairing
Adenine bonds with
Thymine
Cytosine bonds with
Guanine
A-T or T-A
C-G or G-C
RNA Base Pairing
Adenine bonds with
Uracil
Cytosine bonds with
Guanine
A-U or U-A
C-G or G-C
DNA Structure
Phosphate Group (PO4)
Deoxyribose Sugar
Nitrogen Base Pair
Deoxyribose Sugar
Phosphate Group (PO4)
DNA Structure Mobile
Color each part.
Cut out the individual pieces.
Glue or paste together.
Attach string for individual mobiles.
Tape all of the classses together and
make a huge strand to hang from ceiling.
Attach to cardboard and make a puzzle.
DNA Replication
DNA Replication
 Replication = DNA copies itself exactly
(Occurs within the nucleus)
 Any mistake in copying = mutation
 DNA mutation = chromosomal mutation
Basic Facts of DNA Replication
1. Complementary
base pairing
makes
replication possible
C-G
A-T
Basic Facts of DNA Replication
2. One side of DNA
molecule is
a
template
for
making
the
other side
(strand)
Process of DNA Replication
1.
Uncoil & unzip DNA molecule
 Enzyme (-ase) breaks
weak
Hydrogen Bond
between bases
Process of DNA Replication
2. Enzyme brings in complementary N-bases
DNA Replicase
Process of DNA Replication
3. Insert N-bases
DNA Replication Tutorial
trc.ucdavis.edu/.../week5/06dnareplication.html
(Go here for on-your-own learning/review)
Replication Movie
C-G
A-T
Semi-conservative replication
1. Each new DNA
molecule
contains
one old strand
&
one new strand
DNA vs. RNA
DNA
RNA
Sugar = deoxyribose
Sugar = ribose
Double-stranded
molecule
Single-stranded
molecule
Thymine bonds with
adenine
Uracil instead of thymine
DNA vs. RNA
DNA
RNA
Nuclear DNA
Mitochondrial DNA
Chromosomal DNA
mRNA = messenger
tRNA = transfer
rRNA = ribosomal
Nuclear DNA never
leaves the nucleus
Assembled in nucleus,
moves to cytoplasm
(leaves the nucleus)
RNA vs. DNA
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
What is the shape of DNA?
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
A Double Helix
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
Where is DNA found within
the cell?
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
In the nucleus only.
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
What is the result of a
mistake in the copying
portion of DNA replication
called?
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
A mutation
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
Cytosine bonds with?
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
Guanine
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
Adenine bonds with what in
DNA? RNA?
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
Thymine
Uracil
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
What is the opposite DNA base pair of:
C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C
G-A-T-C-C-G-A-A-T-T-G-C-C-A-A-T-G
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
Which base pair is that of RNA?
1. C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C
2. C-A-U-G-G-C-A-A-U-U-G-C-C-U-U-G
3. G-T-U-C-C-G-T-U-T-U-C-G-G-T-A-C
QUESTIONS TO KNOW
1. C-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-A-C-G-G-T-T-A-C
2. C-A-U-G-G-C-A-A-U-U-G-C-C-U-U-G
3. G-T-U-C-C-G-T-U-T-U-C-G-G-T-A-C
YOU ARE READY TO SUCCEED