7th Grade
3/12 Do Now:
Finish Cell
Theory TimeLine
Cell Theory:




Hooke – first person to discover and name
cells
Schleiden – discovers plants are made of
cells
Schwann – discovers animals are made of
cells
Virchow – discovers cells come from other
cells
Cell Theory

How does Cell Theory answer these
questions:
–
–
–
What makes something alive?
What do cells do?
Where do cells come from?
THE CELL
COMMON CELL TRAITS

A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of
performing life functions.
COMPARING CELLS

The size & shape of a
cell relates to its
function. (job it does)
Prokaryotic Cells
(proh KAYR ee yah tihk)


cells without membranebound structures
EX: bacteria
pond scum
7th Grade
3/13 Do Now

Color and label the picture of the animal cell
and plant cell for the following parts of the
cell:
–
–
–
Cell membrane – orange
Cytoplasm – sky (light) blue
Cell wall – yellow green
Eukaryotic Cells
(yew KAYR ee yah tihk)


cells with membranebound structures
EX: animals, plants,
fungi and protists
CELL WALL




protects the cell
gives shape
is made of cellulose
A cell wall is found in plants, algae, fungi, & most
bacteria.
CELL MEMBRANE



Outer covering, protective layer
around ALL cells
For cells with cell walls,the cell
membrane is inside the cell wall
Allows food, oxygen, & water
into the cell & waste products
out of the cell.
CYTOPLASM



gelatin-like inside cell membrane
constantly flows
aka protoplasm
CYTOSKELETON



scaffolding-like
structure in cytoplasm
helps the cell maintain
or change its shape
made of protein
Organelle Foldable





Take a piece of paper and fold it lengthwise
(hot dog).
At the top label: Cell Organelles
On the same side cut the paper into 7 flaps
(approximately 4 lines)
Label the 7 flaps: ribosome, chloroplast,
mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi
bodies, vacuole and lysosome.
On the inside, define and draw the
organelle.
Organelle Foldable





Take a piece of paper and fold it lengthwise
(hot dog).
At the top label: Cell Organelles
On the same side cut the paper into 7 flaps
(approximately 4 lines)
Label the 7 flaps: ribosome, chloroplast,
mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi
bodies, vacuole and lysosome.
On the inside, define and draw the
organelle.
NUCLEUS




Directs all cell activities
Contains instructions
for everything the cell
does
These instructions are
found on a hereditary
material called DNA
Usually the largest
organelle
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE


separates nucleus from
cytoplasm
controls movement of
materials in & out of
nucleus
NUCLEOLUS


Aka “little nucleus”
Found in the nucleus
CHROMATIN


contains genetic code that controls cell
made of DNA & proteins
NUCLEUS




Directs all cell activities
Contains instructions
for everything the cell
does
These instructions are
found on a hereditary
material called DNA
Usually the largest
organelle
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE


separates nucleus from
cytoplasm
controls movement of
materials in & out of
nucleus
NUCLEOLUS


Aka “little nucleus”
Found in the nucleus
CHROMATIN


contains genetic code that controls cell
made of DNA & proteins
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM




A series of folded membranes
that move materials (proteins)
around in a cell
like a conveyor belt
Smooth ER – ribosomes not
attached to ER
Rough ER – ribosomes
attached to ER
RIBOSOMES



Make proteins
Float freely or attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Ribosomes are made in the
nucleolus
GOLGI BODIES (GAWL jee)


Stacked flattened
membranes
Sort and package
proteins
VACUOLES


Temporary storage
spaces
Store food, water,
waste
LYSOSOMES (LI suh sohmz)



The word "lysosome" is Latin for "kill body."
The purpose of the lysosome is to digest things.
They might be used to digest food or break down
the cell when it dies.
Break down food molecules, cell wastes & worn out
cell parts
CHLOROPLASTS


Green organelles that
make food
found only in plant cells
CHLOROPHYLL



A green pigment that gives
leaves & stems their color
Captures sunlight energy
that is used to produce
food called glucose
Glucose is a type of sugar
MITOCHONDRIA




Organelles that release
energy from food
This energy is released by
breaking down food into
carbon dioxide
AKA the powerhouse b/c
they release energy from
food
Some muscle cells have
20,000 mitochondria