From Cells to
Organisms
Organisation of Life
Lesson Objectives
1. Define: Cell, Tissue, organ, and organ
system (DK).
2. Describe two types of tissue (DK)
3. Describe two types of organs (DK)
4. Create a flow chart illustrating
relationship between cells, tissues, organs,
systems and organisms (PK)
Levels of Organization
 Cell—Basic
unit of structure and function in
organisms.
 Some organisms, like bacteria and protists, are
unicellular (made entirely of one cell).
 Some organisms, like fungi, plants, and
animals, are multicellular (made of many
cells).
 In multicellular organisms, cells exhibit cell
specialisation. They take on specific jobs and
look different from each other.
 The cells also exhibit division of labor. They
split up the work of the organism.
Levels of Organization
 Tissues—Groups
of similar cells that work
together to perform a specific function.

4 major tissue types in animals
 Epithelial
tissue
 Connective tissue
 Muscle tissue
 Nervous tissue
Levels of Organization

Organs—structures made of different types of
tissues that work together to perform a
specific function.

Examples

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
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
Heart
Lungs
Stomach
Small intestine
Liver
Large Intestine
Gall Bladder
Plant Roots
Plant Stems
Plant Leaves
Levels of Organization
 Organ
Systems—Groups of organs that
work together to perform a specific
function.

Examples:

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Digestive system
Circulatory system
Respiratory system
Nervous system
Muscular system
Skeletal system
Integumentary system (skin)
Vascular system in plants
Levels of Organization
 Organism—A
thing.
 Examples:



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complete, individual living
A single person
A single plant
A single bacterium
A single protist
Write your answers in complete sentences
Q 1: A (tissue, organ, system) is a group of the same kinds of cells that work
together. Choose the right answer.
system
organ
tissue
Q 2: Some tissues and organs work together like the members of the team. The parts
that work together are called a _____________.
cell
system
group
Q 3: The mouth, teeth, tongue, stomach and intestines all work together. Therefore
they are called the important parts of __________________.
digestive system
circulatory system
muscular system
Q 4: Brain, heart and lungs are some of the important _______________ in a body.
organs
tissues
cells
system
Q 5: Different tissues work together to form _________ .
cells
system
organs
Q 6: Different systems work together to form organs. True or false?
false
true
Organization of Vertebrate
Body
Tissues are groups of cells that are
similar in structure and function
In humans, there are four primary
tissues:
-Epithelial, connective, muscle and
nerve
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Organization of Vertebrate
Body
Organs are combinations of different tissues
that form a structural and functional unit
Organ systems are groups of organs that
cooperate to perform the major activities
of the body
-The human body contains 11 principal
organ systems
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Organ Systems
 The
five main organ systems that we will
be focusing on in this unit are:
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The Respiratory System
The Circulatory System
The Reproductive System
The Digestive System
The Excretory System
Organization of Human Body
NO Thank you!
14
Digestive System
The organs or parts of the
body that work together
to break down food into
a smaller, more useable
form.
NO Thank
you!
15
Circulatory System
The system that carries
oxygen and nutrients to
all cells in the body and
takes wastes away from
the cells; it consists of the
heart, blood vessels and
blood.
NO Thank
you!
16
Respiratory System
The system involved in
the inhalation of and
diffusion of oxygen into
the blood stream, and
the removal of carbon
dioxide from the body
via exhalation
NO
Thank you!
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Excretory System
The system
responsible for
the removal of
excess water
and waste from
cell reactions in
the body
Reproductive System
The male and female reproductive systems are
responsible for the production of sperm and ova (eggs),
the fertilisation of ova by sperm, and the gestation of a
fertilised ova into a foetus (unborn baby)