neumann - Mathematics & Computer Science

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John von Neumann:

Multifaceted Genius

Bixin Chen, COMP 1631, Winter

2011

“ There are two kinds of people in the world:

Johnny von Neumann and the rest of us.”---

Eugene Wigner, a Nobel Prize–winning physicist

Outline

• Background

• Contributions

---Mathematics

---Nuclear Physics

---Economics

---Computer Science

---Influences

• Conclusion

Background

• Nationalities:

Hungarian American

• 1903.12.18-

1957.02.08

• Academic area:

Mathematics, computer science, physics, politics, economics

Mathematics

Set theory

---deals with the fundamental concept of sets and functions ---used everywhere in

Mathematics the Ratio of the Mean Square

Successive Difference to the Variance

Cellular Automation

Is a decentralized computing model providing an excellent platform for performing complex computation with the help of only local information.

Nuclear Physics

• Quantum Mechanics

----- the nature of atomic particles and the laws that govern their actions

• developing the "implosion lens" of high explosives

--- compress the plutonium.

Economics

• Game Theory

---Minimax Theorem: Existence of a saddle-point solution to 2 person, zero sum games

“Theory of Games and

Economic Behavior”

classic work upon which modern-day game theory is based.

revolutionize economics used to analyze a host of real-world phenomena from arms races to optimal policy choices of presidential candidates

Computer Architecture

• Proposed “Electronic Discrete Variable

Automatic Computer” (EDVAC) in

1950, including:

---Binary System

---stored program

---conditional control transfer

ADVANTAGES OF BINARY-BASED

CIRCUITRY

The design of a computer that handled two digits instead of 10 was infinitely more simplified.

Cost was reduced reliability improved

Why is EDVAC important?

Both the data and the program be stored in memory at the same time

Programs could be changed with the same speed and ease as data

Influences

John Von Neumann Theory prize

--- awarded annually to a scholar(s) who has made fundamental, sustained contributions to theory in operations research and the management sciences.

IEEE John von Neumann Medal

--outstanding achievements in computer-related science and technology.

The proposal laid out the concepts behind the modern electronic digital computer!

Conclusion

John von Neumann had great on:

-Mathematics:

-Physics

-Computer Science

-Economics

Still, he has influences on science development, like IEEE John von Neumann

Medal.

References

Levis, Philip. "Johnathan Von Neumann and EDVAC" Berkeley

(2004): n. pag. Web. 2 Feb. 2011

"1945 Electronic Digital Computers__John von Neumann."

Thinkquest. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.

"Advantages of Binary-Based Circuitry." Tpub. Web. 3 Feb.

2011.

"John von Neumann Theory Prize." Informs. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.

"IEEE John von Neumann Medal." IEEE. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.

"Von Neumann, Ville and the Minimax Theorem."

WorldScientific. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.

"Theory of Games and Economic Behavior." Pdf Ebooks free download. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.

Ganguly, N. Sikdar, B., Deutshc, A., Canright G. "A Survey on

Cellular Automata " Unibo: n. pag. Web. 2 Feb. 2011

All images are from Google

References

Bochner, S. "John von Neumann" National Academy of Science

(1958): n. pag. Web. 2 Feb. 2011.

" John von Neumann: The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics."

Economics Library. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.

Turocy, Theodore L., Stengal, Bernhard, V.. "Game Theory"

Encyclopedia of Imformation (2002): n. pag. Web. 2 Feb. 2011.

Stephan, F. "Set Theory" Semester I (2009): n. pag. Web. 2 Feb.

2011.

Kunkle, Daniel R. "John von Neumann: Genius of Man and

Machine." Student of Computer Science - Artificial Life and

Intelligence. Web. 3 Feb. 2011.

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