Electrophoretic deposition of biomaterials
by A. R. Boccaccini, S. Keim, R. Ma, Y. Li, and I. Zhitomirsky
Interface
Volume 7(Suppl 5):S581-S613
October 6, 2010
©2010 by The Royal Society
Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) cell showing positively charged particles in suspension
migrating towards the negative electrode.
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
Typical thickness of coatings obtained by different process methods, showing the versatility of
EPD in that it can produce a wide range of thicknesses of relevance for orthopaedic applications
(Sridhar et al. 2002).
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
Schematic of the EPD set-up used by Wang & Hu (2003) to develop patterned HA deposits on Si
and Ti substrates indicating also the steps followed to prepare the Au-patterned cathode.
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of homogeneous Bioglass coatings obtained on
stainless steel substrates by EPD from aqueous suspensions containing 20 wt% Bioglass
particles at voltages of 5 V and deposition time of 5 min (Krause et al. 2006): (a) ...
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
SEM images of PEEK/Bioglass-coated NiTi wires at (a) low and (b) high magnification showing
the high uniformity of the coating structure achieved.
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
Schematic diagram of the experimental set-up used to fabricate complex-shaped functionally
graded alumina and zirconia-based femoral ball heads by EPD (Anné et al. 2006).
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
Experimental set-up developed by Lin et al.
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
SEM images of PS–TiO2 electrophoretic deposits, at different magnifications, (a,b) before and (c)
after sintering, demonstrating the successful development of a scaled-structured titania coating
for orthopaedic applications (Radice et al. 2008, 2010).
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
SEM images of cross sections of (a) CHIT–BSA and (b) alginate–BSA composite films confirming
the electrophoretic formation of relatively uniform films of controlled thickness (Ma &
Zhitomirsky 2010; Sun & Zhitomirsky 2010).
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
Schematic of the process for anchoring HA nanoparticles (positively charged) onto
functionalized CNTs (negatively charged): (a) as received CNT, (b) functionalized CNT and (c)
attachment of nano-HA particles onto the modified CNT surface (Boccaccini et al. ...
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
TEM micrograph showing the interaction between TiO2 nanoparticles and CNTs in aqueous
suspensions at pH <5 (Singh et al. 2006).
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
Different approaches to fabricate CNT/ceramic nanocomposites by EPD (Boccaccini et al. 2010):
(a) schematic diagram showing sequential deposition of CNTs and nanoparticles form layered
heterostructures and electrophoretic codeposition; (b) schematic diagram...
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
SEM images showing the typical microstructure of a CNT-coated Bioglass-based scaffold,
obtained by EPD (2.8 V, 10 min) at different magnifications (Meng et al. 2009).
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
SEM images showing (a) inclusion bodies electrophoretically deposited on steel cathode from
suspensions at IEP of E. coli bacteria (3 min of EPD at 7.5 V cm−1) and (b) deposition of E. coli
on the anode after the pH was set to the IEP of the inclusion bodie...
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society
Schematic diagram showing different conditions at the surface of colloidal particles and cells,
as suggested by Akagi & Ichiki (2008).
A. R. Boccaccini et al. J. R. Soc. Interface 2010;7:S581-S613
©2010 by The Royal Society