Nuclear data for basic nuclear physics and
nuclear waste management
“n_TOF4FAIR”
FPA2011-28770-C03-01
Proyecto coordinado entre el
CIEMAT, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña y la
Universidad de Sevilla
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
CIEMAT research group (FPA grant application)
4 staff researchers
Daniel Cano Ott (Researcher – PhD)
Juan Blázquez Martínez (Researcher - PhD)
Enrique González Romero (Researcher - PhD)
Gustavo Martínez Botella (Researcher – PhD)
5 researchers
Francisco Álvarez Velarde (Researcher – PhD)
Trinitario Martínez Pérez (Researcher – PhD)
Emilio Mendoza Cembranos (CPAN – PhD in 2011)
Sara Pérez Martín (Researcher – PhD)
María del Carmen Ovejero Mayoral (CPAN)
Scientific results during the last 3.5
years:
-25 papers in international journals
Total = 8.5 EDP
-45 contributions to international
conferences
-2 (+1) PhD theses
-4 Diploma theses
1 PhD fellow
Vicente Becarés Palacios (FPI-CIEMAT fellow)
Aczel García Ríos (FPI – MICINN fellow)
1 external researcher (postdoc of the group at CERN – n_TOF experiment)
Carlos Guerrero Sánchez (CERN fellow – PhD)
1 additional technical engineer (not included in the project submission)
Javier Tera Ruedas – dedicated fully to the activities of the group
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
CIEMAT group areas of expertise
Neutron capture cross section measurements of minor actinides. World
experts (together with FZK and Los Alamos) in Total Absorption Calorimetry in
(n,γ) measurements.
Neutron detection. Considered now as one of the reference groups in Europe.
Neutron simulations. The group covers tasks as wide as design of nuclear
reactors, design of neutron irradiation facilities, development of Monte Carlo
codes (members of the GEANT4 collaboration).
Digital electronics. Long experience with the development of the n_TOF digital
DAQ and nowadays designing and building our own digitisers.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
CIEMAT research grants and projects
Plan nacional de Física de Partículas: 4+1 grants since the creation of the group
FPA2000-0269-C05-01 (5 institutions, CIEMAT as coordinator), 2000 – 2001
FPA2001-0144-C05-01 (5 institutions, CIEMAT as coordinator), 2001 – 2004
FPA2005-6918-C03-01 (3 institutions, CIEMAT as coordinator), 2005 – 2008
CAC-2007-35 (complementary action), 2008
FPAFPA2008-04972-c03-01 (3 institutions, CIEMAT as coordinator), 2009 – 2011
EU Framework Programmes (FPs): 7 projects in the last 3 FPs
nTOF-ND-ADS, 5th FP FIKW-CT2000-00107, 2000 - 2004
MUSE, 5th FP FIKW-CT-2000-0063, 2000 - 2003
PDS-XADS, 5th FP FIKW-CT-2001-00179, 2001 - 2004
ADOPT, 5th FP FIKW-CT-2001- -20178, 2001 - 2004
IP-EUROTRANS, 6th FP FI6W-CT-2004-516520, 2005 – 2008 (coordinator of domain 5)
REDIMPACT, 6th FP FI6W-CT-2004-002408, 2003 – 2006
CANDIDE, 6th FP
ENSAR, 7th FP
ANDES, 7th FP (coordinator of the project)
Researchers of CIEMAT are members of various international expert groups on nuclear
data (like the NEA-OECD WPEC Subgroup 31) and nuclear technologies (SNETP).
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Goals of the n_TOF4FAIR project
Scientific motivation: procurement of nuclear data for basic nuclear physics
and applications to nuclear technologies.
1. The continuity of the experimental programme on neutron capture
cross section measurements of actinides at the n_TOF facility at CERN.
2. The development of neutron, γ-ray detectors and simulation tools for
the DESPEC experiment at the FAIR facility.
3. The test of detectors and scientific exploitation of the equipment
developed for FAIR at facilities already available.
4. The development of a fast data acquisition system based on high
performance digitisers for neutron (and other type of) detectors.
Trigger the transfer of (some of the) the technologies developed in Spain to
the Spanish Industry.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
I. The n_TOF facility at CERN
n_TOF 185 m
flight path
Pb Spallation
Target
Proton Beam
20GeV/c
7x1012 ppp
Booster
1.4 GeV
Neutron Beam
10o prod. angle
PS 20GeV
Linac
50 MeV
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The n_TOF collaboration
U.Abbondanno14, G.Aerts7, H.Álvarez24, F.Alvarez-Velarde20, S.Andriamonje7, J.Andrzejewski33, P.Assimakopoulos9,
L.Audouin5, G.Badurek1, P.Baumann6, F. Bečvář 31, J.Benlliure24, E.Berthoumieux7, F.Calviño25,D.CanoOtt20,R.Capote23,A.Carrillo de Albornoz30,P.Cennini4, V.Chepel17, E.Chiaveri4, N.Colonna13, G.Cortes25, D.Cortina24,
A.Couture29, J.Cox29, S.David5, R.Dolfini15, C.Domingo-Pardo21, W.Dridi7, I.Duran24, M.Embid-Segura20, L.Ferrant5,
A.Ferrari4, R.Ferreira-Marques17, L.Fitzpatrick4, H.Frais-Koelbl3, K.Fujii13, W.Furman18, C.Guerrero20, I.Goncalves30,
R.Gallino36, E.Gonzalez-Romero20, A.Goverdovski19, F.Gramegna12, E.Griesmayer3, F.Gunsing7, B.Haas32, R.Haight27,
M.Heil8, A.Herrera-Martinez4, M.Igashira37, S.Isaev5, E.Jericha1, Y.Kadi4, F.Käppeler8, D.Karamanis9, D.Karadimos9,
M.Kerveno6, V.Ketlerov19, P.Koehler28, V.Konovalov18, E.Kossionides39, M.Krtička31, C.Lamboudis10, H.Leeb1,
A.Lindote17, I.Lopes17, M.Lozano23, S.Lukic6, J.Marganiec33, L.Marques30, S.Marrone13, P.Mastinu12, A.Mengoni4,
P.M.Milazzo14, C.Moreau14, M.Mosconi8, F.Neves17, H.Oberhummer1, S.O'Brien29, M.Oshima38, J.Pancin7,
C.Papachristodoulou9, C.Papadopoulos40, C.Paradela24, N.Patronis9, A.Pavlik2, P.Pavlopoulos34, L.Perrot7, R.Plag8,
A.Plompen16, A.Plukis7, A.Poch25, C.Pretel25, J.Quesada23, T.Rauscher26, R.Reifarth27, M.Rosetti11, C.Rubbia15,
G.Rudolf6, P.Rullhusen16, J.Salgado30, L.Sarchiapone4, C.Stephan5, G.Tagliente13, J.L.Tain21, L.Tassan-Got5,
L.Tavora30, R.Terlizzi13, G.Vannini35, P.Vaz30, A.Ventura11, D.Villamarin20, M.C.Vincente20, V.Vlachoudis4, R.Vlastou40,
F.Voss8, H.Wendler4, M.Wiescher29, K.Wisshak8
The Spanish participation amounts to 20%: CIEMAT, IFIC (CSIC – Universidad de
Valencia), Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Universidad de Santiago de
Compostela and Universidad de Sevilla.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
CIEMAT’s contributions to the n_TOF experiment
•1 CIEMAT researcher (postdoc) has been permanently at CERN during the
entire data taking periods since 2000.
•Design of the neutron beam optics and collimators (2000)
•Co-design of the high energy neutron shielding (2000).
•Co-design of the Total Absorption Calorimeter (2001-2002).
•Design of the digital DAQ concept (2000)
•Programming and maintenance of the digital data software analysis: pulse
shape analysis and data reduction (2001).
•Conceptual design of the new spallation target (2008).
•Responsible since 2000 of the operation of the total absorption calorimeter and
of the (n,γ) cross section measurements of actinides. Spokespersons of the 3
accepted proposals on 237Np, 240Pu, 243Am, 241Am and 235U.
•Development of new analysis techniques for the total absorption data (20032008).
•Spanish spokesperson of n_TOF 2008 –2010: E.González Romero (CIEMAT)
•Spanish chairman of the collaboration board since 2011: E. González Romero
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The n_TOF Total Absorption
Calorimeter (TAC) for (n,g)
measurements
C12H20O4(6Li)2
•40 BaF2 crystals covering 95% of 4p.
•98% detection efficiency for capture gray cascades.
Neutron absorber
10B
doped carbon
fibre capsules
Its operation is responsibility of CIEMAT.
The TAC is a powerful instrument for
measuring (n,γ) cross sections of
radioactive isotopes like actinides.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
237Np
(n,γ) measurement with the TAC (~1 MBq)
PhD thesis of C. Guerrero (CIEMAT)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
243Am(n,γ)
measurement (~100 MBq)
E. Mendoza PhD thesis (CIEMAT)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
241Am(n,γ)
measurement in 2010 (~1 GBq)
Preliminary analysis by E. Mendoza (CIEMAT)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
(n,γ) cross section measurements of fissile materials
The capture cross sections of fissile materials are prioritary data but are
difficult to measure.
Two competing channels which produce γ-rays: (n,γ) and (n,f)
For fissile materials: (n,f)  5 · (n,γ) → 10 times more γ-rays
We have to distinguish the γ-rays from neutron capture from the γ-rays
produced in the (n,f) reactions.
Solution: measure the fission γ-ray background in coincidence with
micromegas fission detectors.
Successful test on
follow.
235U
performed in 2010. Real measurements have to
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Proposed experimental setup
Micromegas
detectors with the
fissile targets
vacuum
Neutron absorber
Window surrounded by
neutron absorber (10B or
6Li doped polyethylene)
Calorimeter
Request: 4 micromegas fission detectors + 235U deposits + neutron shielding
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Information from (n,γ) cascades with the n_TOF/TAC
The Total Absorption Calorimeter (TAC) :
4p detector made of 40 BaF2 crystals
Collimators
Protons (20
GeV)
g
Neutrons
(meV-GeV)
g
Sweeping magnet
Neutron energy
Deposited energy
g
Multiplicity
Additional experimental information consists in:
 Energy deposited (Ei) in each crystal as function of multiplicity (mcr)
 Correlation between Ei, Ej within each cascade
 Total energy in the TAC as function of multiplicity
CIEMAT will transfer the knowledge to UPC on this topic
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
II. The FAIR facility
GSI
FAIR
100 m
SIS 100/300
UNILAC
SIS 18
ESR
Super
FRS
Low energy branch.
DESPEC & HISPEC
experiments
RESR
NESR
NUSTAR
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Physics motivation
GOAL: To measure neutron emission probabilities Pn and energies in
coincidence with γ-rays for neutron rich isotopes with relevance to basic
nuclear physics, nuclear astrophysics (r-process) and nuclear technologies
(reactor kinetics and control).
Need of a high resolution and high efficiency neutron TOF spectrometer.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The MOdular Neutron SpectromTER - MONSTER
CIEMAT has designed and is leading the construction of a 200 cell neutron
spectrometer for the DESPEC (56 institutions, 350 researchers) experiment at
FAIR.
High intrinsic detection efficiency
in the range of a few 100 keV up
to tens of MeV.
For neutron energies below 100
keV, a complementary system
is needed.
Funding is requested for the
acquisition of a few doped (6Li,
10B) neutron detectors, efficient
a energies below 100 keV.
TOF spectrometer: array of liquid scintillators
(BC501A)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Status of the project
CIEMAT has completed the scintillator cell design:
-Monte Carlo simulations (Diploma theses of E. Reillo and A. García).
-Design of the light guide and optimisation of the light collection (Diploma thesis of
A. García)
-Characterisation of the prototype cell at the metrology laboratory PTB
Braunschweig (E. Reillo and A. García)
CIEMAT has completed the design of a low efficiency and low resolution 30
cell demonstrator (compatible with the future array). The demonstrator will be
ready by the end of 2011 and used in experiments at the cyclotron of the University
of Jyvaskyla in 2012.
CIEMAT leads the international collaboration that will build MONSTER: Spain
(CIEMAT, Instituto de Física Corpuscular), Finland (University of Jyvaskyla ),
Sweden (University of Uppsala), India (VECC, University of Calcatta).
CIEMAT has established a strong collaboration with the European research
groups developing neutron detectors for SPIRAL-2: LPC – Caen (France) and
Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (Italy) – NEDA project
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
CIEMAT is coordinating the neutron detector working group of the entire
NUSTAR collaboration: 158 institutions and over 900 members.
CIEMAT has an accepted scientific programme with the MONSTER
demonstrator. One accepted proposal at the Cyclotron Laboratory of the
University of Jyvaskyla and participation to another 4 accepted proposals at
Jyvaskyla and GSI together with IFIC and UPC.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Facilities for the FAIR
detector assembly at
CIEMAT
(February
2011)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The 30 cell elements are being
assembled and optimised at
CIEMAT’s neutron laboratory.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The mechanical structure
has been designed entirely
by CIEMAT and made at
CIEMAT’s workshops.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
First part of the structure completed at CIEMAT’s workshops (May 2011)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The MONSTER demonstrator
CIEMAT is currently building the
30
cell
demonstrator
of
MONSTER.
-Low energy resolution
-Low efficiency
Request: 10 more cells (+10
from IFIC) are necessary for
reaching the target efficiency of
10% at 1 m flight path.
Additional funding will be
necessary for extending the
structure to a larger number of
modules.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
We aim at manufacturing the Spanish in-kind contribution to
MONSTER in Spain. Scientifica International has expressed strong interest
and made a preliminary cost evaluation of an individual cell. The price is
competitive with detectors available commercially (St. Gobain or SCIONIX).
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Improving the n-γ coincidence detection efficiency
The combined neutron and γ-ray spectrometry requires high simultaneous
detection efficiencies:
Largest efficiency of the neutron spectrometer (including solid angle) ~ 25%
Largest efficiency of the γ-ray spectrometer based on Ge ~ 10%
Neutron- γ coincidence detection efficiency ~ 2%
For exotic isotopes, the Qβ and Pn values (neutron emission probabilities) become
large. There are cases for which alternative γ-ray detectors like inorganic
scintillators become a more reasonable choice.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
γ-ray detectors for combined neutron and γ-ray spectrometry
120 k€
400 k€
Geometry simulated for the LaBr3, NaI and
BaF2 clovers, four crystals of 5.5 x 5.5 x 11cm.
Eγ
100 keV
500 keV
1000 keV
1338 keV
2000 keV
5000 keV
10000 keV
LaBr3(Ce)
86.3 %
57.9 %
42.2 %
36.4 %
28.7 %
15.5 %
8.31 %
BaF2
86.6 %
62.7 %
45.0 %
38.2 %
30.1 %
17.4 %
10.1 %
Clover Germanium detector: 4 crystals
of ~4.1 x 4.1 x 7cm.
NaI
87.0 %
53.9 %
34.8 %
28.5 %
21.2 %
10.1 %
4.53 %
Ge
92.8 %
43.2 %
28.8 %
23.8 %
17.9 %
7.93 %
3.41 %
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
“Recently” developed inorganic
scintillators like LaBr3(Ce) do
offer excellent energy resolution
(better than NaI) and can be
grown in large sizes (>3”x3”).
They are a reasonable choice
for combined neutron and γray spectrometry when high
efficiency is required.
The request is part of CIEMAT’s
R&D to the Total Absorption
Spectrometer for DESPEC.
Request: an array of 4 LaBr3(Ce) detectors
Additional uses:
-Photon
strength
function
measurements at n_TOF.
-Use as “neutron detectors” with
neutron to γ-ray converters (R&D
done by CIEMAT) thanks to its
good energy resolution.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The R&D and scientific roadmap towards FAIR
RISING
PRESPEC @ GSI
PRESPEC @ FAIR
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Facilities where CIEMAT is performing experiments/tests
Cyclotron Laboratory
at the University of Jyvaskyla
YALINA research reactor
IRMM – Geel
Mol Research Reactors
PTB Braunschweig – Reference neutron beams
GSI - FAIR
GANIL/SPIRAL
Budapest Research Reactor
n_TOF facility
ISOLDE
LNL Legnaro
Centro Nacional de Aceleradores
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
A fully digital data acquisition system
CIEMAT’s high performance digitiser:
•Resolution: 12 bits @ 1 Gsample/s (1 GHz bandwith)
•FPGA for trigger decision and pre-processing.
•DSP for pulse shape analysis.
•2 Gbytes DDR2 for waveform storage.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Funding is requested for the construction of a fully digital DAQ
demonstrator, that will serve to take data with virtually any detector.
•Scalable
•High data throughput (in oscilloscope mode), allowing to store the digital
waveforms.
•Low data throughput (in pulse shape analysis mode, made on board).
•Based on Spanish technology (CIEMAT’s boards)
•To be used at FAIR (but also at n_TOF and wherever it is requested).
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Coordination between the different subprojects
CIEMAT
(coordinator)
Universidad Politécnica de
Cataluña
Universidad de Sevilla
Instituto de Física
Corpuscular
(FPA2011-24553)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
CIEMAT
(coordinator)
n_TOF (CIEMAT + UPC + IFIC +
of Prague)
Analysis of the TAC data
determination of the nuclear
properties of actinides (photon
functions). 1 PhD student from
directed by CIEMAT and UPC.
Universidad Politécnica de
Cataluña
Instituto de Física
Corpuscular
(FPA2011-24553)
University
for the
structure
strength
UPC, co-
FAIR (CIEMAT + UPC + IFIC)
Common experiments at Jyvaskyla and GSI
with the BELEN detector (3He neutron
detector of UPC), MONSTER (CIEMAT) and
the Total Absorption spectrometer (IFIC).
The first experiments will use the data
acquisition system GASIFIC developed by
IFIC. Later on, the CIEMAT flash ADC
system will be used as well.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
CIEMAT
(coordinator)
n_TOF. Simulation and design of a new C6D6
detector for n_TOF.
Participation in the 32S(n,α) measurement
proposed by the University of Sevilla.
Universidad de Sevilla
GEANT4. Maintenance of the hadronic physics
packages for GEANT4. Both University of
Sevilla and CIEMAT are members of the
GEANT4 collaboration and responsible for this
task inside the GEANT collaboration.
CNA. Development of neutron beam lines at
the
CNA
tandem
and
cyclotron.
Characterisation of the neutron beams with the
detectors of CIEMAT and CNA.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
n_TOF experiment (+ cross section measurements)
Amount
Small equipment:
4 micromegas detectors for the construction of active
targets of 235U.
1 Oscilloscope
2 computers for data analysis, as replacement of actual
computers + portable hard disk drives.
17.660€
Consumables:
Borated polyethylene shielding.
One container for the micromegas detectors.
4 targets of 235U made at IRMM.
34.220€
Travelling expenses:
-Shifts and experiments
-International conferences
-Regular meetings
100.800€
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
FAIR (high energy neutrons)
Amount
Small equipment:
CAEN HV board 12 channels
2 NIM Crates
2 PCs
2 MESYTEC amplifiers
Stabilised LED + fiber optics + pulser
Electronic modules
10x Hamamatsu tubes R4144 + VD
10x BC501A neutron detectors for the demonstrator (to be built by
Scientifica International in Spain or by St. Gobain)
199.436€
Consumables:
Radioactive sources: Cf-252 (2.6 a) and Y-88 (106 d)
Aluminum profiles for the detector structure
Cables
Connectors
Cadmium layers (neutron shielding)
Borated polyethylene (neutron shielding)
55.100€
Travelling expenses:
-Shifts / experiments
-International conferences
-Regular meetings
88.956€
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
FAIR (low energy neutrons)
Small equipment:
- 4 PMT for the low energy neutron detectors
- Low energy neutron detectors: materials doped with
neutron absorbers like 10B or 6Li.
FAIR (γ-ray setup)
Small equipment:
Four LaBr3(Ce) crystals of 5.5 x 5.5 x 11cm
Amount
35.400 €
Amount
118.000 €
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Digital data acquisition system
Amount
Small equipment:
Chasis for the disk drives for the DAQ + controller
3 industrial PCs for the DAQ
3 power supplies for the crates
18.523 €
Consumables:
3 PCI express cards
24 Hard disk drives (2TBytes)
Electronic components for the digitisers
86.794 €
Travelling expenses:
Meetings and conferences.
10.780 €
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Summary of the Requests
Direct costs
Amount
Small equipment:
389.019 €
Consumables:
180.124 €
Travelling expenses:
203.656 €
Other expenses:
39.690 €
Total:
812.489 €
Personnel:
88.000 €
Complementos salariales
53.550 €
Grand Total:
Direct and indirect costs:
954.039 €
1.154.387 €
1 FPI fellowship (critical)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Appendices
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The DESPEC experiment
FAIR will be an excellent place where to study the decay properties of heavy neutron rich
nuclei. Purpose of the DESPEC experiment. The high energy ion beams from the
SuperFRS will be slowed down and implanted in active stoppers.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The MONSTER demonstrator (CIEMAT)
Evaluate the performance of the
DESPEC TOF spectrometer at a
reduced
scale
(starting
configuration
with
30
detectors, to be upgraded
soon).
Reduced flight path: ~75cm
distance from the implantation
position.
ΔΩ/Ω ~13%
Coincident β-n and β-γ-n events
(for the most intense transitions).
γ-ray detectors
Start signal: plastic β-detector in
close geometry.
Stop signal: liquid scintillator.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The total neutron detection efficiency of the setup has been computed by Monte
Carlo simulation with the GEANT4 code: 6.6% at 1 MeV to 2.9% at 10 MeV.
One reference cell will be calibrated in with calibrated neutron beams at PTBBraunschweig.
Δt ~ 1ns, which corresponds to an energy resolution the spectrometer of 16% at
1 MeV and 30% at 10 MeV.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Nuevos materiales centelleantes orgánicos para calorímetros
Nuevos materiales como el LaCl3 (o LaBr3).
Análisis en el banco de pruebas del CIEMAT:
•Detector de 3” x 3” (más grande en el
momento de adqusición)
•Fuentes g, b y de neutrones (252Cf y Am/Be
UPM)
•Sistema de adqusición de datos digital
Acqiris (n_TOF)
•Irradiación en PTB-Braunschweig en 2008
con patrones calibrados (proyecto EFNUDAT)
Excelente resolución temporal
Excelente resolución energética
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Motivation: the problem of the nuclear waste
The 437 nuclear reactors in operation worldwide generate about 5800 tons/GWe/year
of waste:
•
•
•
Uranium and structural materials (94% of the mass) . Can be considered as
waste (like in Spain) or as valuable resources that should be reprocessed (like in
France.
Short lived fission fragments (5%). Decay in 300 years.
Transuranic elements (1%): Pu, Np, Am, Cm… Highly radioactive and long lived.
Difficult to handle over long periods (10.000 to 100.000 years).
Short lived
fission
fragments
Transuranic
elements
Uranium and
structural
materials
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Waste management strategies
I. Temporary storage. Short term (2010 ).
II. Partitioning and transmutation of the transuranic elements. Mid- and long-term
(2030 ). The transmutation can take place in both ADS and Generation IV critical
reactors (with fast neutron spectrum).
Nuclear fuel highly enriched in
transuranic elements.
Proton
accelerator:
Ip >10 mA
Ep 1 GeV
1/100
Proton
beam
1/1000
neutrons
Spallation
target (Pb –
Bi)
Fissions
III. Geological storage.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The history of the n_TOF facility
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1997 - Concept by C.Rubbia validated by TARC exp. [CERN/EET/Int.
Note 97-19]
May ’98 - Further development of the initial idea towards a working
facility [CERN/LHC/98-02+Add]
Aug ’98 – CERN-GELINA joint Letter of Intent [CERN/SPSC/98-15, I220]
1999 – Construction started
Oct 2000 – First proton on the spallation target
2001 to 2004 – Experimental program of n_TOF-Ph1 (NTOF-ND-ADS 5th
European Union Framework Programme).
2005 to 2007 – Shutdown due to the LHC startup + modifications of the
spallation target
June 2007/January 2008 – n_TOF Review Pannels. Green light for a
new target!
March 2008. MoU signed by CERN and participating institutions.
November 2008 – Start of the n_TOF-Ph2 commissioning.
2009 Measurements (4 accepted beam time requests)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Capture
The n_TOF (2000 – 2004) experiments
151Sm
204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi
Measurements of neutron cross sections
relevant for Nuclear Waste Transmutation and
related Nuclear Technologies
 Th/U fuel cycle (capture & fission)
 Transmutation of MA (capture & fission)
 Transmutation of FP (capture)

232Th
24,25,26Mg
90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr
139La
186,187,188Os
233,234U

237Np,240Pu,243Am
Fission
233,234,235,236,238U
232Th
209Bi
237Np
241,243Am, 245Cm

Cross sections relevant for Nuclear
Astrophysics
 s-process: branchings
 s-process: presolar grains
Neutrons as probes for fundamental Nuclear
Physics
 Nuclear level density & n-nucleus
interaction
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The experimental program for n_TOF-Ph2
Capture measurements
Mo, Ru, Pd stable isotopes
r-process residuals calculation
isotopic patterns in SiC grains
Fe, Ni, Zn, and Se (stable isotopes)
79Se
s-process nucleosynthesis in massive stars
accurate nuclear data needs for structural materials
A≈150 (isotopes varii)
s-process branching points
long-lived fission products
234,236U, 231,233Pa
Th/U nuclear fuel cycle
235,238U
standards, conventional U/Pu fuel cycle
239,240,242Pu, 241,243Am, 245Cm
transmutation of minor actinides (CIEMAT)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Fission measurements
MA
235U(n,f)
ADS, high-burnup, GEN-IV reactors
with p(n,p’)
234U(n,f)
new 235U(n,f) cross section standard
study of vibrational resonances at the fission barrier
Other measurements
147Sm(n,a), 67Zn(n,a), 99Ru(n,a)
58Ni(n,p),
other (n,lcp)
p-process studies
gas production in structural materials
Al, V, Cr, Zr, Th, 238U(n,lcp)
structural and fuel material for ADS
and other advanced nuclear reactors
He, Ne, Ar, Xe
low-energy nuclear recoils
(development of gas detectors)
n+D2
neutron-neutron scattering length
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Digital electronics
Data taking with digital electronics is limited only by
the scientist’s imagination.
A 12 bit (14 bit) flash ADC with 1 Gsample/s is a nearly
universal digitiser:
Fast and high resolution pulse sampling.
Large dynamic range.
Mounted on an FPGA  on board pulse shape analysis
 data reduction.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The IGISOL facitily at JYFL
IGISOL facility
He
l iu m
flow
p
Purification trap
IGISOL
offers
excellent
conditions for measuring those
isotopes:
am
be
Fission
target
Nb
A = 101
Counts / frequency
2000
rn
-o
Mo
1500
Analysing
magnet
Zr
1000
500
Y
0
1064700
-High yield
-Clean beams after the traps
1064800
Frequency Hz
1064900
Si 1
JYFLTRAP setup
Isobar spectrum of A=101
fission products measured
at spectroscopy setup
7 T magnet
Precision trap
purif ication trap
precision trap
+
Si 2
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
microchannel
plate (MCP)
spectroscopic
setup
nTOF4FAIR
A 7Li(p,n) neutron source at the CNA 3 MV tandem accelerator
Geometry of the target
Geometry of the 3 MV tandem hall
Simulación Monte Carlo del blanco de
producción.
Simulación Monte Carlo de la sala
experimental del CNA.
Diseño mecánico del blanco.
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
The importance of digital electronics
RAW data – 197Au (102 “signals”)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
RAW data – 243Am (1 “signal”)
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR
Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan
Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010
nTOF4FAIR