Topic 20 LAN Protocols and
Network Devices
Enabling Objectives
20.1 IDENTIFY networking physical media.
20.2 IDENTIFY local and wide area networking hardware and protocols.
20.3 IDENTIFY server side hardware.
20.4 DISCUSS security enclaves.
Unshielded Twisted Pair
Coaxial Cable
Fiber Optics
Plastic
Encasement
Glass or Plastic
Fiber
Loose
Configuration
Liquid Gel
Glass or Plastic
Fiber
Tight
Configuration
Strength
Wires
Plastic
Sheath
Wireless Media
• Radiowaves
• Microwaves
• Infrared light
Network Interface Card
• Interfaces computer to
network
• High-speed
• RJ-45, Fiber, Coaxial, AUI
OC-12 – GIG-E
100BaseT
ATM
Fast Ethernet
802.3u
Ethernet II
10BaseT
10Mbps
THE OSI AND LAN PROTOCOLS
LLC
Layer 2
Layer 1
DATA LINK
LAYER
MAC
PHYSICAL
LAYER
OSI Model
LAN Protocols
Ethernet II
Number of bytes
8
6
6
Destination Source
Preamble Address Address
2
Type
46-1500
Data
4
FCS
OSI Model
Layer 2
Layer 1
ATM Model
ATM Adaptation Layer
DATA LINK
LAYER
ATM Layer
PHYSICAL
LAYER
PHYSICAL LAYER
Payload
(48 bytes)
ATM CELL
Header
(5 bytes)
Networking Concept of
Operations
SATCOM
NCTAMS
NCTAMS
ISNS ADNS
NCTAMS
ISNS ADNS
NOC
NOC
ADNS
DWTS/UHF LOS
ADNS
DISN
SIPR PSN
NIRP
INTERNET
DWTS/UHF LOS
ISNS ADNS
ISNS ADNS
PIERSIDE
ISNS
ADNS
ISNSADNS
INTERNET
N/MCI
N/MCI
DISN
SIPR PSN
NIPR
NOC
NOC
Transit
Link
ADNS
ADNS
Data Link
Layer
Physical
Layer
Layer 2
Layer 1
PPP
Sync or Async Physical Media
Field length in
bytes
1
Flag
1
Address
1
2
Control Protocol
Variable
Data
2 or 4
FCS
Omniswitches
ATM
802.3u
Ethernet II
802.3u
Ethernet II
Server
Server
NIC
Omnistack
802.3u
Ethernet II
ADNS
802.3u
Ethernet II
Server
802.3u
Ethernet II
Server
802.3u
Ethernet II
Cisco
Routers
Omnistack
A
205.1.1.101
SIMPLE
LOCAL AREA
NETWORK
(LAN) USING
A HUB
B
205.1.1.102
HUB
F
205.1.1.106
E
205.1.1.105
C
205.1.1.103
HUB = DUMB
- Physical layer device
- Energy comes in 1
port and goes out all
other ports
- One collision domain
- One bcst domain
D
205.1.1.104
NETWORK GROWS.......ADD MORE HUBs RIGHT?
HUB
HUB
HUB
Collision domain and broadcast domain are getting
bigger, therefore more congestion, slower network
performance, users complaining...gotta be a better way!
A
205.1.1.101
B
C
205.1.2.101
ESM
ESM
MULTIPLE
LOCAL AREA
NETWORKS
(LAN) USING
A SWITCH……
Xxxxx
xxxxx
Xxxxx
xxxx
xxxxx
xxxx
!
!
205.1.3.101
SWITCH = SMART
- Data Link layer device
- Six separate collision
domains
- Ability to build VLANs
allows 3 separate
bcst domains
F
E
205.1.1.102
205.1.2.102
D
205.1.3.102
WE USE OMNISWITCHES/STACKS AND BUILD VLANS!
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
FCSM
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
FCSM
xx
xx
!
!
!
!
Computers have their own collision domain with their individual
port on the Omniswitch. All computers of common color share a
Virtual LAN, therefore they share a bcst domain.
VLAN
BS
DC1
BS
DC2
VLANs
ES
802.3u
Ethernet II
ES
802.3u
Ethernet II
UNCLAS
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
!!
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
SECRET
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
xx
xx
!!
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
ESM
!!
!!
!!
!!
xx
xx
xx
xx
SCI
Alcatel OmniSwitch/Router
Omniswitch 7700
Key Features
•
Supports Protocol or Media
•
22+ Gbps switching fabric speed
•
Auto-sensing, self-configuring ports
•
Dual redundant power supplies