ATS Masters - Storage
Tape and ProtecTIER Update for IBM i folks
Updated December 10, 2012
This presentation is stored on IBM Techdocs at the following url:
http://www.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRSxxxx
Nancy Roper
IBM Americas Advanced Technical Skills
nroper@ca.ibm.com
Run it in screenshow mode to see the animation.
Note that there are a number of hidden charts.
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Agenda
 Tape Product Line + LTO6
 Virtual Tape + ProtecTIER
 New BRMS Report for Tape Planning
 Gen 2 IOPless Tape Driver
 Tape Drive Sharing
 Tape Adapters
 Tape Info APARS
 Optimizing your Tape Performance
 BRMS Parallel Save PTF
 Tape Encryption
 Troubleshooting
 SAN Design Highlights
 Optical Replacement Options
2
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Tape Product Line
for IBM i
3
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Current IBM Tape Product Line for IBM i
LTO Family
Enterprise
Family
TS3500
TS3200
TS3310
TS3400
TS3100
TS2360
TS2900
TS1140
TS2260
 Low cost
 High capacity
 Fast streaming operations
4




TS3400 withdrawn
from marketing
Sept 2010
High performance
High capacity
Industrial strength
Fast streaming and
start/stop operations
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
LTO Ultrium5 Tape Family
Although SAS drives have 2
ports, they are only supported
for single system attach
For newer drives, TS3500 may require ALMS and
enhanced node cards. Check with your IBM team
LTO4 onwards offers HH fibre drives
for the TS3100 and TS3200
Min LTO5 / LTO6 Support
• IOPless attach only
• V6R1M1 + POWER6
TS3310
TS3200
TS2360
TS2260
TS3500
TS3100
TS2900
Libraries have max 15,000 “elements” per library LPAR on i
TS2260
TS2360
TS2900
TS3100
TS3200
TS3310
TS3500
Machine Name
3580-H6S
3580-S6X
3572
3573-L2U
3573-L4U
3576
3584
Max # Cartridges
1
1
9
23+1
45+3
396
>6200
Partition Capable
No
No
No
Yes (w HH)
Yes
Yes
Yes
LVD SCSI Drives
No
FH (1)
No
Yes (1)
Yes (2)
No (not for
No (not for
LTO4 onwards)
LTO3 onwards)
SAS Drives
HH (1)
FH (1)
HH (1)
HH (2)
FH (1)
HH (4)
FH (2)
FH (18)
No
Fibre Drives
No
No
No
8 Gbit
8 Gbit
8 Gbit
8 Gbit
LME Encryption
No
No
Yes
w SAS/fibre
w SAS/fibre
w SAS/fibre
w fibre
(+ fc 5901)
(+ fc 5900)
(+ fc 5900)
(+ fc 5900)
(+ fc 1640)
HH = half high, FH = full high
(w Transparent LTO Encr Feat)
5
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Enterprise Tape Family
Min TS1130 Support
• V5R3 with IOP’d fibre cards
• V6R1 + POWER6 for
IOPless fibre cards
Min TS1140 Support
• IOPless attach only
• V6R1M1 + POWER6
3590 drives are not supported on POWER7 or higher
Drive based Encryption is supported for TS1120 drives onwards in TS3400, TS3500,
3494 libraries, but not standalone drives. 3494 does not offer TS1140.
TS3500
New in
Spring 2011
TS1140 Standalone Drive
TS1140 Standalone
TS3400
TS3500
3592-E07
3577-L5U
3584
Max # drives
1
2
192
Max # Cartridges (Max 5000 per Library LPAR)
1
18
>6200
Partition Capable Library
Yes
Yes
Yes
LVD Drives
No
No
No (for TS11xx)
Fibre Drives
8 Gbit
4 Gbit
For TS1120 / 1130
4 Gbit (for TS1120/30)
8 Gbit (for TS1140)
No
Yes
Yes
Machine Name
Library Managed Encryption Capable
6
TS3400
Withdrawn
in Sept 2010
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
LTO6 Tape Drives
7
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
LTO6 is Here!
Generation 2
Generation 3
Generation 4
Generation 5
Generation 6
Generation 7
Generation 8
Native
Capacity
200 GB
400 GB
800 GB
1.5 TB
2.5 TB
up to 6.4 TB
12.8 TB
Native
Transfer Rate
20 - 40 MB/sec
40 - 80 MB/sec
80-120 MB/sec
140MB/s
160MB/s
up to 788 MB/s
up to 1180MB/s
Attachment
FC-2 Gbit
Ultra-160
FC-4 Gbit
Ultra-160
FC-4 Gbit
Ultra-160
SAS 3 Gbit
SCSI 320
FC-8 Gbit
SAS 6 Gbit
FC-8 Gbit
SAS 6 Gbit
tbd
tbd
Full High
Half High
Full High
Half High
Full High
Half High
Full High
Half High
Full High
tbd
tbd
Form Factor
Generically, LTO1-5 anticipate 2:1 compaction, and LTO6-8 anticipate 2.5:1 compaction due to larger compression history buffer.
IBM i typically gets 3:1 or more
TS3500 LTO6 Drives
Announced: Wed Oct 3, 2012
Generally Available: Fri Nov 9, 2012
Minimum Library Firmware Levels:
TS2900
0023.0003
TS3100/TS3200 B.50
TS3310
630G.GS003
TS3500
C070 C080
Other External LTO6 Drives
Announced: Tues Nov 6, 2012
Generally Available: Fri Dec 7, 2012
Integrated Drives & Storage
Enclosure Drives
2013
LTO6 Media
Announced: Mon Dec 3, 2012
Generally Available: Fri Dec 7, 2012
© 2012 IBM Corporation
LTO5/6 are supported on IBM i on POWER6 and IBM i 6.1.1 or higher, with IOPless adapter cards.
SSIC is up to date for GA’d drives. For encryption, TKLM (vs EKM) is needed for LTO5
onwards.
© 2012 IBM
Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
LTO Media Details
Key:
= Not compatible
Generation 1 Generation 2 Generation 3 Generation 4 Generation 5 Generation 6
cartridge
cartridge
cartridge
cartridge
cartridge
cartridge
Tape Drive
Operation
100GB Native
Generation 1
Generation 2
Generation 3
Full high
Generation 3
Half High
Read
Write
Read
Write
Read
Write
Read
Generation 4
Write
Generation 5
Read
Write
Read
Generation 6
Write
9
400GB Native
800GB Native
1.5 TB Native
2.5 TB Native
15 MB/sec
15 MB/sec+
35 MB/sec
15 MB/sec+
Write
Read
200GB Native
35 MB/sec+
80 MB/sec
35 MB/sec+
60 MB/sec
15 MB/sec+
35 MB/sec+
80 MB/sec+
80 MB/sec+
120 MB/sec
120 MB/sec
140 MB/sec
120 MB/sec
140 MB/sec 160 MB/sec
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
LTO6 Half High Performance on IBM i
Save Operations
Save Operations
Fiber attached
Fibre Attached
3580-004, 3580-005,
LTO4, LTO5, TS1140, LTO6
3580-006 and 3592E07
1 GB
1 Directory
Source File
Many
Objects
Many
12 GB User
Directories
Mix
Many
Objects
IOA
LTO43580 004 576B 4Gb
LTO5
GB/HR
GB/HR
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Domino
(offline)
3580 005 577D 8Gb IOA LTO6
TS1140
3592 E07 577D 8Gb IOA
3580 006 577D 8Gb IOA
LTO6 Save
Usermix
Large File
64 GB Large 320 GB
File
Large File
86 MB/sec
500 MB/sec
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Restore Operations
Restore Operations
Fiber attached
Fibre Attached
3580-004, 3580-005,
LTO4, LTO5, TS1140, LTO6
3580-006 and 3592E07
1 GB
1 Directory
Source File
Many
Objects
Many
Directories
Many
Objects
3580 004 576B 4Gb IOA
LTO4
LTO5
3592 E07 577D 8Gb IOA
12 GB User
Mix
Domino
(offline)
64 GB Large 320 GB
File
Large File
3580 005 577D 8Gb IOA
TS1140
LTO6
3580 006 577D 8Gb IOA
LTO6 Restore
Usermix
Large File
80 MB/sec
500 MB/sec
Notice that LTO6 is almost as fast as TS1140
POWER7 and 8 Gbit fibre is needed to reach the largefile speeds
10
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
LTO6 Performance on IBM i
LTO4
Speeds shown are
in GB/hr
9117-MMA 16 Way
With 200 DASD
LTO5
9179-MHC
With 720 DASD
On 574E IOAs
EXP 12 3Gb SAS
Drawers
TS1140
9179-MHC
With 720 DASD
on 574E IOAs
EXP 12 3Gb SAS
Drawers
LTO6
9179-MHD
With 288 DASD
on 57B5 IOAs
5887 6Gb SAS Drawers
3580 004 576B 4Gb IOA
3580 005 577D 8Gb IOA
3592 E07 577D 8Gb IOA
3580 006 577D 8Gb IOA
1 GB Source File
32
25
26
28
1 Directory Many Objects
55
46.5
77
110
Many Directories Many Objects
40
44.5
56
67
12 GB User Mix
234
220
241
312
Domino (offline)
575
605
937
740
64 GB Large File
859
1366
1814
1720
320 GB Large File
890
1475
1861
1810
1 GB Source File
50
48
41
59
1 Directory Many Objects
50
78.5
78
112
Many Directories Many Objects
28
33.5
29
42
12 GB User Mix
210
225
227
286
Domino (offline)
650
803
1273
1038
64 GB Large File
837
1307.5
1873
1760
320 GB Large File
890
1327
1895
1810
SAVE
RESTORE
POWER7 and 8 Gbit fibre is needed to reach the largefile speeds shown
11
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Virtual Tape
12
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Virtual Tape Alternatives
ProtecTIER
IBM i Integrated
Virtual Tape
 V5R4 onwards
 Part of Operating System
 Good performance with
enough disk arms
 No turnkey remote replication
13




V5R4 onwards
External Virtual Tape
TS7620, TS7650
Good performance with
appropriate disk
 Strong remote replication
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
What does ProtecTIER do?
ProtecTIER
IP Replication
IBM i
TS3500
Optional
duplication
to physical
tape
Ohio
Minimized bandwidth
since data is de-dup’d
before sending
(at local or
remote site)
New York
IBM i
ProtecTIER
Virtual
Tapes
C
Disk
What is
DeDuplication?
B
A
B
A
C
A
B
A
C
Local Saves to
Virtual Tape with
De-dup
14
B
A
B
A
C
A
C
A
B
A
B
A
C
B
A
A
B
© 2012 IBM Corporation
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IBM TS7600 ProtecTIER® Deduplication Family
Highest Performance
Largest Capacity
High Availability
High Performance
High Capacity
Flexible Storage
Good Performance
Entry Capacity
Very Low cost
Active-Active Cluster
Up to 2500 MB/sec save
Up to 3200 MB/sec restore
Single Node
Single Node
Up to 150 MB/sec
5.9 TB (5.5 TiB)
useable
15
Single Node
Up to 1600 MB/sec save
Up to 2000 MB/sec restore
Up to 150 MB/sec
1 PB useable
11.8 TB (11 TiB)
useable
1 PB useable
Nominal Space Available = “useable”
space * HyperFactor Ratio
1 TB = decimal TB = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes or 1,000 GB (i.e. 10^12 bytes)
1 TiB = binary TB = 1,099,511,627,776 bytes or 1,024 GiB (i.e. 2^40 bytes)
© 2012
IBMIBM
Corporation
© 2012
Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Where does it Fit – Generally and on IBM i
Small Servers can’t optimize a tape drive
Writing
Waiting
Waiting
Small Backups don’t fill a tape
Waiting
Virtual tape can provide
multiple virtual drives
Less Important for IBM i
Tapes are Hard to Manage
Virtual tape can make virtual
volumes of any size
Offsite Shipments are Costly and a Bother
Virtual
tape keeps
all the
volumes
inside the
device
Good for IBM i
16
Nice with VIOS
for IBM i
Virtual
tape can
transmit
them to a
remote site
Very Interesting for
IBM i Customers
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Virtual Tape on IBM i – Important Points
Overall Speed and Single Stream Speed
Virtual Tape Devices shine when they can run a large number of mediumspeed backup streams. IBM i customers sometimes need a small number
of very fast streams. Be sure to understand the single stream performance
provided to make sure your Virtual Tape Device will meet your needs
IBM i
Single Stream performance depends on
the VTL disk type/amount
Backup Scheduling
LPAR
11 pm
11:30
pm
Mid-nite
12:30
am
1 am
20
160
200
200
200
IBM i 01
IBM i 02
ProtecTIER
60-200 MB/sec per stream
60-200 MB/sec per stream
60-200 MB/sec per stream
60-200 MB/sec per stream
ProtecTIER Gateway full box
save capacity is 2500 MB/sec
with 2 DD5 nodes
IBM i 03
IBM i 04
Total
MB/Sec
Draw a Backup Gantt Chart to check the
MB/sec and # streams at your peak
Non-Infinite Resources
Current Technology Physical
Drives run at 60-525 MB/sec
per stream (umix / largefile)
18
Although virtual tape is flexible,
remember the resources aren’t infinite
© 2012
IBMIBM
Corporation
© 2012
Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
ProtecTIER Single Stream Performance on IBM i
PT DD4 Gateway with V7000 or DS8000
SM2 Appliance
Plan for up to 110 MB/sec
Per stream with 1-2 streams at
once
From real-life customers
AP1 Appliance
This device is
withdrawn now
DD3: 40-60 MB/sec
DD4: 60 MB/sec
Per stream with 3-5 streams
at once
Estimate
19
1 stream
up to 140-160MB/sec
3 streams
up to 135-160 MB/sec
6 streams
up to 110-160 MB/sec
12 steams
up to 74-110 MB/sec
18 streams
up to 52 MB/sec
From an extensive IBM i
customer POC in July 2011
DD5 Gateway
customers are
exceeding 200
MB/sec on IBM i
Recall that user mix data will max out at
60 MB/sec regardless of the single stream
speed shown. Large file data is needed
for the above speeds.
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
ProtecTIER on IBM i – Support and Testing
• Supported with:
• IOP’d fibre cards from V5R4 onwards (2765, 5704, 5761)
• IOPless fibre cards from IBM i 6.1.1 onwards
• BRMS is strongly recommended
• Tested with the same COMPREHENSIVE Test Buckets used
for regular tape drives
IBM ProtecTIER is the ONLY External
Virtual Tape product that is tested and
supported by IBM Rochester
20
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Helpful Websites for IBM i and ProtecTIER:
List of ProtecTIER and Tape Resources for IBM i
Customers:
Partners:
IBMers:
http://www.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS4956
http://www-03.ibm.com/partnerworld/partnerinfo/src/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS5021
http://w3.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS5021
IBM i Tape & ProtecTIER Wiki
BRMS Wiki
www.ibm.com/developerworks/ibmi/media
www.ibm.com/developerworks/ibmi/brms
21
© 2012 ©
IBM
Corporation
2012
IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Helpful Websites for IBM i and ProtecTIER:
List of ProtecTIER and Tape Resources for IBM i
Customers:
Partners:
IBMers:
http://www.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS4956
http://www-03.ibm.com/partnerworld/partnerinfo/src/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS5021
http://w3.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS5021
IBM i Tape & ProtecTIER Wiki
BRMS Wiki
www.ibm.com/developerworks/ibmi/media
www.ibm.com/developerworks/ibmi/brms
• ProtecTIER Releases tested on IBM i
• BRMS Release Enhancements
• Native and VIOS/NPIV Tape
Attachment Support information
• BRMS “Enhancement PTFs”
• Save / Restore / Tape related PTF
Information (eg Large Library PTF)
• Group PTF Information
• etc
• New BRMS “Enterprise” Function
• BRMS Course Dates
• BRMS Group PTF #’s / dates
• Save / Restore Group PTF #’s / Dates
• Troubleshooting Docs –
DMPBRM , QTADMPDV
22
• etc
© 2012 ©
IBM
Corporation
2012
IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IBM i / ProtecTIER Enhancement PTFs
 DUPMEDBRM Compaction PTF (June 2010)
 Remote Dups – moving tapes marked for dup (2011)
 BRMS Parallel Save Performance (July 2011)
 ProtecTIER Initialize on Expiry (June 2012)
 PRTRPTBRM Report (June 2012)
 15,000 Slot Library PTF (July 2012)
 256 Drives in a Library (IOPless) (Fall 2012)
See Appendix for Details and PTF #’s
23
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
ProtecTIER on IBM i – Designing / Sizing
Get the ProtecTIER on IBM i Data Collection Spreadsheet
Simple Environment:
1-2 hours of work
http://www.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS4740
Use PRTRPTBRM *CTLGRPSTAT to gather data for the spreadsheet
Build a Repository Sizing Spreadsheet
LPAR
GB in Save
Iterations Kept
GB in
repository
Complex Environment:
Several days of work
Build a Backup Schedule Gantt Chart
(to figure out the peak MB/sec)
LPAR
11
pm
11:30
pm
midnit
e
12:30
am
1 am
60
60
60
80
80
80
200
60
200
60
IBM i 01
IBM i 01
200 GB
3
600
IBM i 02
IBM i 02
350 GB
7
2450
IBM i 03
IBM i 03
100 GB
3
300
IBM i 04
IBM i 04
575 GB
12
6900
Total
MB/Sec
Total
60
20
20
80
20
160
20080
10250
Then ask the ProtecTIER FTSS to tell you which model of ProtecTIER you need
24
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
NEW BRMS Command
PRTRPTBRM *ctlgrpstat
25
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Brand New! Tape / ProtecTIER Sizing Report from BRMS
• Excellent for:
• Monitoring / Analyzing ongoing Backup Performance
• Sizing New Tape / ProtecTIER Environments
• Available via the June 2012 BRMS quarterly PTF
June 2012 BRMS PTF
V5R4
SI46335 (Partial Support – see note)
V6R1
SI46339
IBM i 7.1 SI46340
Note: Reports for a V5R4 system must be created
on a V6R1 or IBM i 7.1 system that is in the same
BRMS network. Use the “From System” parameter
• Once the PTF is loaded, BRMS will start
tracking saves: try to apply the PTF several
weeks before you need your first reports
• Backups that run via Control Group
(STRBKUBRM) will have full information
• Backups that run via SAVxxxBRM will be
bundled in the line labelled *NONE. Adjust
the report times to try to isolate each save
• Command details are on the next page
• Use alongside the IBM i ProtecTIER Data
Gathering Spreadsheet available at:
http://www.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS4740
26
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
ProtecTIER / Tape Sizing Report from BRMS – The Command
The first time you run
the report, change the
first parameter to
*CTLGRPSTAT and
take the defaults for
everything else
If there is a *NONE line
at the end of the report,
experiment with the
start/end times to isolate
the individual non-control
group tape activity
If you just want to see
one save, type the
control group name here
If you have a V5R4
system, run the
command from another
system in the BRMS
Network using the “From
System” parameter
27
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Tape / ProtecTIER Sizing Report from BRMS – Using It
System
Name
Failed
Saves
For a
sizing,
figure out
the typical
start time,
duration,
save size
and speed
of each
save type
There have been 3 different tape operations that are not control group saves. Eg SAVxxxBRM, SAVxxx to
a BRMS-enrolled tape, dups of saves that were not done via a control group. Their stats are all bundled in
the first *NONE line for each date, and their volsers are on subsequent lines. Use your knowledge of the
system to re-run the report with various start/end times to try to isolate the data for each operation.
28
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Gen 2 IOPless Tape Driver
30
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Gen 2 IOPless Tape Driver
 For customers using IOPless SAS and fibre drives
New and
Improved
 All customers are encouraged to get it
– More robust than original IOPless tape driver
 How to get it on IBM i 6.1.1:
– PTF MF50093 or supercede
– Read II14355, II14526, II14584, II14615 for related PTFs etc
GET IT !
 How to get it on IBM i 7.1
– Included with the base OS
 Read Info Center for configuration changes needed at install
– Library and drive resource names may change
– Control path rules have changed – 2 port fibre card now
needs to be able to see a control path drive on each port
– Control path failover available with IBM i 7.1 and current PTFs
– Disparate drives can share a library *and*
a fibre card at IBM i 7.1 (this does NOT apply to SAS drives)
Note: If you have a lot of drives of one type (eg LTO4) in a library such that you need more
than 1 fibre card to attach them all, then continue to choose either IOP’d or IOPless fibre
cards for them, but not a mixture. This is related to “drive pooling”. For details, see the “SAN
Design for IBM i” presentation on Techdocs (Google on PRS2997)
31
New and
Improved
GET IT !
© 2012
IBMIBM
Corporation
© 2012
Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Drive Sharing
33
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Tape Drive Sharing on i
Sharing via LPAR
Sharing via SAN
IBM i
IBM i
The HMC or the LPAR
Toolkit can help
automate card
movements and
minimize the risk of
moving the wrong card
LTO4
LTO4
LTO4
LTO4
TAP02
TAP03
TAP02
TAP03
Tape Library
TAPMLB01
34
Tape Library
TAPMLB01
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Tape Virtualized via VIOS
35
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Tape Virtualized Via VIOS (Great for Blades!)
VIOS Partition owned SAS Tape Devices
VIOS
SAS
LPAR 1
LPAR 2
Prod
Data
Prod
Data
SAS
SAS
For a list of supported drives,
Google on II14584
(small standalone drives)
 VIOS-attached tape device is virtualized
directly to the LPARs
 Use IVM / HMC GUI to assign the SAS card
/ drive to the LPARs as needed (manual)
 Resulting save can be restored on any LTO4
drive, not just VIOS-attached
 Big improvement for blades, both for backup
+ migration
 See Tape Wiki for details re code levels reqd
36
VIOS NPIV for Fibre Libraries
VIOS
LPAR 1
LPAR 2
Prod
Data
Prod
Data
Fibre
NPIV capable
SAN Switch
For a list of supported libraries,
Google on II14526
(fibre libraries)
 NPIV = N-Port ID Virtualization
 Virtualizes the tape fibre port to be shared
concurrently by all attached LPARs
 Supported on 5735, 5276 (low profile), 5729
(4 port, NPIV only) + Blade equivalent
 Useful for environments with a lot of small
LPARs that don’t justify a dedicated fibre card
 Supported on selected blades
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IBM i Hosting IBM i
Sharing Tape Drives
37
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IBM i hosting IBM i – Client Virtualized Tape Devices
IBM i
IBM i
IBM i
IBM i
Host
“Server”
LPAR
Guest
“Client”
LPAR
Guest
“Client”
LPAR
Guest
“Client”
LPAR
Minimum
IBM i 7.1 TR2
Minimum
IBM i 6.1.1
Minimum
IBM i 6.1.1
...
Minimum
IBM i 6.1.1
When IBM i is hosted by IBM i …..
Small sequential-mode drives only
(see detailed list of drives
on next page)
38
If you need library function, then
you need VIOS / NPIV instead
• Previously, tape drive had to be “moved” among
the LPARs via LPAR sharing
• With releases shown above, guest partitions can
all “see” the tape drive and share it similar to SANattached libraries
© 2012
IBMIBM
Corporation
© 2012
Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Tape Adapter Cards
41
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IOP and IOPless explained
Other Platforms
Tape IOA
IOP
Ethernet IOA
Twinax IOA
IOP
Comms HBA
Tape HBA
Disk HBA
HBA – Host Bus Adapter
IBM i Originally – “IOP’d”
IOP – Input / Output Processor
IOA – Input / Output Adapter
POWER Systems Merger
IBM i After Merger with AIX – “IOPless”
Phase 1: AIX and IBM i features
Tape IOA
Ethernet IOA
42
Twinax IOA
Phase 2: Unified Features
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
For Disk, fc 5749 IOPless fibre cards
can now attach to POWER5/5+ with
V6R1, but tape still needs POWER6
Tape Adapter Cards (IOA’s)
LVD SCSI Cards
LVD SCSI libraries
are end-of-life. They
do not attach to
POWER7
(2 ports
on each)
 fc 5702 / 5712
 fc 5736 / 5806 (IOP’d)
 fc 5775 / 5736 (IOPless)
Bootable
IOPless SAS Cards
Not supported on
POWER6 onwards
Not supported on
POWER7 onwards
Not Bootable. Use Alt-install
(2 ports
on each)
 fc 5912: PCI-X
 fc 5901: PCI-e
 fc 5278: PCI-e – low
profile 5901
POWER6 + i6.1 onwards
except TS2240 on fc 5912
can use V5R4M5
320 MB/sec per port
Bootable
 fc 2765 – 100 MB/sec
 fc 5704 – 200 MB/sec
 fc 5761 – 400 MB/sec
(max 250 MB/sec per drive)
140 MB/sec per port
Try to pick IOPless
cards since they will go
forward to POWER7
(1 port
on each)
Fibre Cards with IOPs
IOPless Fibre Cards
(2 ports
on each)
fc 5749: PCI-X – 400 MB/sec
fc 5774: PCI-e – 400 MB/sec
fc 5735: PCI-e – 800 MB/sec
fc 5273: PCI-e – low profile 5774
fc 5276: PCI-e - low profile 5735
fc 5708: PCI-e – FCoE
fc 5729: PCI-e – 4x800 MB/sec
Bootable
43
© 2012 IBM Corporation
Try to pick IOPless
cards since they will go
forward to POWER7
Support NPIV
for sharing
NPIV only
POWER6
+ i6.1 onwards
for IOPless
tapeIBM Corporation
© 2012
ATS Masters - Storage
Tape Attachment
Information
44
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
SSIC + Interim IBM i Tape Support Matrix
SSIC
Official tool to look up
supported combinations
of Server, Adapter,
Switch, Disk, Tape +
Firmware
IBM i is included in SSIC
for POWER5, V5R4M0
and TSxxxx drives
onwards
As a check, also use the
Interop Spreadsheet
(next pg).
SSIC URL:
45
http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/support/storage/config/ssic/displayesssearchwithoutjs.wss
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IBM i Interim Tape Interop Spreadsheet – TSxxxx onwards
This sheet was the input to the System Storage Interop Center (SSIC) tool for IBM i
http://www.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS3594
46
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IBM i Tape Support Matrix – Server + IOA Definitions
Maps server models to column
titles in Interop Spreadsheet
Explains LVD SCSI
feature code #’s
including the fc 5736
collision with System P
47
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IBM i Tape Support Matrix – Bonus LTO3/4 Guide
48
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Tape Drive Model Characteristics
To find this document,
Google on IBM 18704246
It’s in the IBM I
SupportLine
Knowledgebase
49
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Tape Related
Info APARs
50
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Information APARs for Tape
51
II14355
II14615
Tape Drives
supported on
IOPless adapter
cards
Tape Drives
supported for IBM i
hosting IBM i
II14584
II14526
Tape Drives
supported for
VIOS / SAS
connection
Tape Drives
supported on
VIOS / NPIV fibre
connections
© 2012
IBMIBM
Corporation
© 2012
Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Shortening your Backup
Window
56
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Overview: Shortening your Backup Window
Buses
Tape
Disk
CPU
Integrated
Virtual Tape
TS76xx
Tape
Tape
Optimize Hardware
• Ensure the current backup
isn’t bottlenecked
• Invest in faster hardware
Concurrent / Parallel saves
Virtual Tape
Guiding Principles
• Keep it Simple
• Manage with BRMS
Tape
SavChgObj
Saves while Users are Online
• Use Save While Active
• Use Domino Online Saves
57
Primary
System
Tape
Selective Restructure
Save Less Data
Second System for Saves
• External Disk FlashCopy
• Run Backup on HA System
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Optimizing your Hardware
58
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Legend
High End Tape Performance Benchmarks
See Chapter 15 of the Performance Capabilities Reference manual for benchmark details.
This publication can be found at the following url: http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/i/advantages/perfmgmt/resource.html
Source File
IFS 1:m
User Mix
IFS m:m
Large File
Domino Offline
Linux NWS Offline
1800
LTO Family
1600
1400
GB per hour
TS1140
Largefile – 525 MB/sec
(1890 GB/hr!)
(on POWER7 w fc 5735
fibre cards)
Notice Usermix speed is the same from LTO3 onwards
Note that Usermix and Largefile speeds are the same on
LTO3/LTO4
LTO5 largefile increases to 409 MB/sec on POWER7 / 8Gbit
1200
890
GB/hr
1000
525
GB/hr
800
600
359x Family
LTO4 LVD SCSI tops
out at 140 MB/sec
(500 GB/hr)
(ie LTO3 speeds)
350
GB/hr
142
GB/hr
400
365
GB/hr
1420
GB/hr
Disk
1700
GB/hr
890
GB/hr
Note: the 1st Savefile & Virtual
Tape Benchmarks used 924
arms in the Virtual Tape ASP.
Smaller environments should
review the arm-based
benchmarks on the next page
200
0
LTO2 - fibre LTO3 - fibre LTO4 - fibre
(5704)
(IOPless)
59
3590H fibre
3592J fibre
TS1120 on Savefile on fc Integrated
4Gbit fibre
2757
Virtual Tape
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Compare the Speed to the Benchmarks for your Current Drive
 Current Benchmarks are in the IBM i Performance Capabilities
Reference, in the Save/Restore Chapter
http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/i/advantages/perfmgmt/resource.html
 Older Benchmarks are summarized in Nancy’s Tape Performance
Chart:
Http://www.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS1193
60
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
How to estimate the performance of a new drive
To Estimate the Performance of a new drive:
Tape
Drive
User Mix
LTO2
Large File
Method #1: Time your Full save
43 MB/sec
100 MB/sec
• Use WRKSYSSTS to find out how much
data there is on your system
LTO3
60 MB/sec
140 MB/sec
LTO4
65 MB/sec
247 MB/sec
• Use Joblog or BRMS Log to find out how
long your full save ran
• Divide to get GB/hr. Divide by 3.6 to get
MB/sec
3592J
51 MB/sec
104 MB/sec
TS1120
60 MB/sec
250 MB/sec
• Figure out how fast the current drive is
Eg LTO2 at 40 MB/sec
running
• Match it to the benchmarks for the current
drive
Eg User Mix
• Read off the performance for the new
drive for that benchmark Eg LTO4 – 65 MB/sec
61
How do you figure out how fast your
current drive is running?
Method #2: Use the New BRMS Report
If it’s slower than you expect, investigate
Backup Statistics Report
whether you might have a bottleneck
somewhere before continuing
next page)
Dura- (seeTotal
MB/
Start/
End
CtlgA 3am
CtlgB 6am
Ctlg
tion
2:00
1:01
GB
288
216
sec
40
60
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Parallel and Concurrent
Saves
62
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Multi-streamed Saves
Check out the June 2006 issue of the COMMON Connect magazine for an
article about Parallel Save and Restore
http://www.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/WP100800
Parallel Saves
Concurrent Saves
Save Job
Save Job
Save Job
Save Job
IBM i
Save Job
IBM i
 User splits backup into multiple streams
 1 job per save stream
 Least Overhead





IBM i carves backup into multiple streams
1 job for all save streams together
Overhead is approx 1 drive in 8
BRMS is strongly recommended
Beware of recovery considerations
Get the June 2011 BRMS PTF for a possible BIG
performance improvement (for all releases from V5R4
to V7R1)
63
See next page for details
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Parallel Save Performance Increase – June 2011 BRMS PTF
 From inception, BRMS has inadvertently used small blocks vs large
blocks for Parallel Saves, both Parallel-Parallel and Parallel-Serial
 The June BRMS PTF includes a fix to change these saves to use large
blocks:
– V5R4
SI42923
– V6R1
SI42924
– IBM i 7.1
SI42925
 This can make a SIGNIFICANT difference to performance
 Customers who have tried Parallel Saves in the past and concluded
they were not helpful should go back and retry them once the PTF is
applied
 Parallel saves done outside BRMS were already using large blocks and
hence were already receiving the improved performance
64
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Backup Encryption
Alternatives
- Drive based Encryption with TKLM
- BRMS Software based Encryption
65
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Comparison: Tape Drive vs BRMS SW Based Encryption
Tape Drive Hardware-based Encryption
Fibre or SAS LTO4/5
or TS1120 / 30/40 in
a library
TKLM
TKLM
V5R3 onwards
BRMS Software-based Encryption
IBM i Encrypted Backup
Enablement Keys
BRMS Advanced
Feature
BRMS Control
Group
LibA encrypted
LibB unencrypted
Any tape drive
or library
V6R1 onwards
(or min release req’d for tape drive attach)
Considerations
• Needs fibre or SAS LTO4/5 or fibre
TS1120/TS1130/TS1140 in a library
• Encrypts whole cartridges
Advantages
• No impact on CPU utilization
• Max 1% performance degradation
• No increase in media required
• All objects can be encrypted
66
Advantages
• Any type of tape drive
• Mix/Match encryption on 1 cartridge
Considerations
• Significant increase in CPU utilization
• Significant Performance Degradation
• May take up to 3* as much media
• Certain system libraries can’t be
encrypted
IBM i Encrypted Backup Enablement
– 57xx-SS1 option 44 – is also req’d
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Backup Encryption
- Drive based Encryption with TKLM
67
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Encryption Methods
Note: Brocade Encrypting switches are not
supported for IBM i saves
Application-Managed (AME)
Encryption Key Manager
(TSM Only)
68
System-Managed (SME)
z/OS, AIX, Solaris
Windows & Linux
.
.
.
Library-Managed (LME)__
TS3500, TS3400, TS3310___
TS3200, TS3100, TS2900, 3494___
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IBM i Tape Encryption on IBM Tape Drives
How does it Work?
• IBM i sends the backup
to the tape library
TKLM Server
• If the drive / library has
encryption turned on,
then the library gets the
keys from the TKLM
• The drive/library write
the save
IBM i
TKLM Server
LTO4/5/6 or TS1120/30/40 Drives
in a Tape Library
Components
• Encryption Capable Tape Drive(s) – fibre TS1120/TS1130/TS1140
or fibre/SAS LTO4/LTO5/LTO6
• A Tape Library – TS2900/3100/3200/3310, TS3400, TS3500, 3494
• Multiple Key Managers (TKLMs)
• Suitable Drive / Library / TKLM at DR Site to restore
69
• BRMS is
recommended to keep
encrypted / nonencrypted tapes
separate
• Library can be used in
sequential mode if
desired – encryption
will still work
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Comparison of Solution Components for LTO4/5 vs TS1120/30
LTO4 / LTO5 / LTO6
TS1120 / TS1130 / TS1140
Note: TS1120/30/40 use a
special media density for
encrypted tapes called
FMT3592A2E/A3E/A4E.
LTO does not have a
special density.
70
Encryption Capable Drive
Fibre or SAS LTO4/5/6 drives only
(*NOT* LVD SCSI drives)
Fibre TS1120/30/40 (3592E) drives
with fc 5592 ($5K) or fc 9592 (nc)
Tape Library
TS2900, TS3100, TS3200, TS3310, TS3500
TS3400 or TS3500 or 3494
Transparent LTO
Encryption feature for
LME and SME
TS2900:
fc 5901 ($1,250 US)
TS3100/TS3200: fc 5900 ($2,500 US)
TS3310:
fc 5900 ($5,000 US)
TS3500:
fc 1604 ($12,000 US)
Not required
(function is included in drive
price)
Media
LTO4/5/6 media only
TS1120/30/40 Media
Key Manager
Multiple TKLMs (SW + HW to run it on)
Multiple TKLMs (SW + HW to run it on)
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Tivoli Key Lifecycle Manager (TKLM)
What is TKLM?
•Follow-on to Encryption Key Manager (EKM)
•Stores / Serves keys for Encryption:
•Tape: TS1120/30/40, LTO4/5/6
•Disk: DS8000
•MUCH more user-friendly than EKM
What Platforms does it run on?
•Windows Server 2003 & 2008
•AIX 5.3, AIX 6.1 or later
•Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 & 5
•SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 &10
•Solaris 9&10 SPARC
•z/OS Version 1.9, 1.10, 1.11
Although we can’t RUN TKLM on IBM i, we can use TKLM
on another platform to encrypt our IBM i saves
71
IBM i customers usually run their TKLM on Windows
because:
• They typically have good skill on Windows
• It avoids the temptation to run TKLM on a system with a
production application and accidentally encrypt the keys
(this would make it impossible to recover due to the
chicken / egg problem)
• Easy to load up a spare TKLM and store it offsite
• Easy to acquire hardware to re-build the TKLM after a
big disaster
• Faster to restore / rebuild the key store on Windows vs a
larger platform
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
A single TKLM server license with 10
tape drive licenses could be used as
follows (simultaneously):
TKLM: Pricing and Licensing
TKLM A
TKLM C
• Load it onto TKLM A and have both tape
libraries point at it as their main Key Manager
with 10 drives in the drive table
TKLM B
TKLM D
6 drives
Primary Site
4 drives
Secondary Site
TKLM Server License includes:
•1 Production Copy of TKLM
•Multiple non-production copies of TKLM
•No longer includes first 2 tape drive or disk resource
activations.
TKLM Tape Drives (no longer called “RVU’s”):
•Authorization to add 1 more tape drive to drive table
72
• Load it onto TKLM B and have both libraries
point at it as their backup Key Manager.
TKLM B will be used automatically if TKLM A
is unavailable
• Load it onto TKLM C and TKLM D to use in
case of a disaster. The Libraries will have to
be switched to point at these key managers
when needed
• Load it onto 2 laptops to store offsite in case of
a serious disaster
• Use TKLM C and TKLM D 2-3 times a year for
2-3 days each time for disaster recovery
testing, even while TKLM A and TKLM B are
serving keys
• If the secondary site is a cold site (eg drives
are only used in a disaster), then 6 drive
licenses are enough
If the customer would like to run each tape
library from a local TKLM, then he will need 2
TKLM server licenses and 4 or 6 drive licenses
respectivel
TKLM no longer offers volume discounts.
Check the announcement letter for details
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Tape Drive Based Encryption
Things to Remember for IBM i
 Library Managed Encryption (LME) only
 Fibre or SAS drives only, not LVD SCSI
– ie choose fibre/SAS LTO4/LTO5/LTO6 or fibre TS1120/30/40
 Drives must be in a tape library
 LTO4/5/6 or TS1120/30/40 Media
 BRMS is helpful for tracking encrypted / non-encrypted tapes
 Include Implementation Services
– IBM Rochester Lab Services - contact Mark Even
(even@us.ibm.com)
Note: Brocade Encrypting switches
are not supported for IBM i saves
73
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Support and
Troubleshooting
IBM i Tape and ProtecTIER
74
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Save / Restore Group PTF
Order the special PTF #
shown for your release,
and you will get a group of
fixes related to save/restore
For more information, see
the url at the bottom of this
page
http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/i/support/brms/group.html
75
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS Quarterly PTF
BRMS combines all the fixes
each quarter into 1 giant PTF
that can be tested as a whole.
This list shows date and PTF# of
the latest fix
For more information, see the url
at the bottom of this page
http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/i/support/brms/latest.html
76
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS Enhancements via Data Area
BRMS sometimes does
enhancements between releases
or customer-specific function that
are controlled by setting a data
area.
These enhancements are listed
on the BRMS website
Some of them are related to
ProtecTIER
For more information, see the url
at the bottom of this page
Choose the various topic areas
at the top of the page and scroll
through the various functions
http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/i/support/brms/dataAreas.html#Media_duplication
77
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Troubleshooting - Flight Recorders
Tape Flight Recorders
BRMS Flight Recorders
• Call QTADMPDV device name
• Collected automatically in tmp/BRMS directory
• Immediately after drive problem
• To submit, use Operations Navigator to move
the files from the IBM i IFS to your desktop, then
email them to support
• Gathers Joblogs, PTF listings, hardware
listings, VLOGs, SRC codes, Service dumps
• Automatically creates a problem entry
http://www-912.ibm.com/s_dir/slkbase.NSF/DocNumber/14031459
Save/Restore Flight Recorders
Save/Restore Problem Data
• Collected automatically in /TMP/QSR or
QSR/QSR if PTF SI37104 is applied
• Began at V6R1
• To submit, use Operations Navigator to move the
files from the IBM i IFS to your desktop, then
email them to support
• Collects a LOT of data – BRMS flight recorders,
Save/Restore flight recorders etc but NOT tape
flight recorders
• Much smaller volume of data
• Submit via WRKPRB
http://www-912.ibm.com/s_dir/slkbase.NSF/DocNumber/515905196
78
http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/i/support/brms/flightRecords.html
• CALL QSRSRV PARM("DATA")
Google on IBM 524030472 for details
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
SAN Design
79
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
SAN Design for IBM i
For Details, see “SAN Design for IBM i Tape and ProtecTIER
http://www.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS2997
Firm Rules
• Multipath is not supported for Tape
• Maximum Addresses per Tape Fibre adapter
• Fc 2765, 5704, 5761 – 16 devices
• Fc 5749, 5774, 5735 etc – 64 devices * 2 ports
• Max Drives in Library
• 32 Drives per TAPMLBxx attached
• 92 Drives per TAPMLBxx total (IOP’d)
• 256 Drives per TAPMLBxx total (IOPless)
• Prior to V7R1 and Gen 2 IOPless driver, disparate
drives must be separated via
• Separate tape adapter cards
*or*
• Separate tape library partitions
• Can’t Pool Drives across IOP’d/IOPless cards
80
Best Practices
• Put tape Adapters alone on an IOP or
virtual IOP so they can be reset
• Don’t Mix Disk/Tape on a Fibre adapter
(eg on IOPless cards)
• Plan Ahead for alt-install if using fibre
cards with IOP (non-boot)
• Design for Performance and Resiliency
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
3995 Optical Migration
for POWER7
81
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
3995 Optical Migration for POWER7
Contact Mark Even in
Rochester Lab Services for
details: even@us.ibm.com
The Devices
The Problem
3995 – IBM Logo’d Optical (HP and Plasmon)
Not supported on POWER7
399F – Plasmon G Series (SW support by IBM)
OK on POWER7 on IOPless LVD SCSI
3996 – IBM Logo’d Plasmon G Series
The Challenge
(1) Keep access to Optical Data on POWER7
(2) Ideally do so with no changes to optical application interfaces or index
The Alternatives
The Solution
Migrate the data to the IBM i 7.1 Image Catalog Virtual
Optical Media Library
V7.1 + PTFs + Lab Services
License (will run in limited mode on 6.1)
Migrate the Data to another solution such as
Fast Data Migration Using Image
Catalog (V5R4M5 onwards)
- Newer Optical (399F / 3996)
- Network Attached Options (eg DR550, Info Archive,
non-IBM appliances, etc)
IBM i website re 3995 / 3996:
www-03.ibm.com/systems/i/hardware/storage/optical/
82
(Migrates data to new media via the
IBM i Image Catalog at 5-10 times
the speed of platter copies)
The first section has excellent materials regarding migration options
© 2012
IBMIBM
Corporation
© 2012
Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Notes - 3995 / 3996 Model Details
 3995-x4x – attached via HVD SCSI (really old – white optical boxes)
– Supported on any system/release with a supported HVD card
 3995-C2x attached via Ethernet LAN (really old –first black optical boxes)
– Supported on any system/release with a supported LAN card
 3995-C4x attached via HVD SCSI
– Supported on any system/release with a supported HVD card
Made by HP
Made by
Plasmon
 399F - Plasmon G-Series – customers bought directly from Plasmon
– Plasmon provided HW support, IBM Rochester provided SW support
– 6 enterprise models, 2 midrange models
– Normally attached via LVD SCSI with or without an IOP
– Option to attach via HVD SCSI
– Simple “swap 1 card” upgrade from HVD to LVD, if still available
 3996 attached via LVD SCSI
– IBM relogo’d the 2 midrange models of 399F (The most popular ones)
– Supported on any system/release with a supported LVD SCSI card,
with or without an IOP
HVD SCSI cards are fc 6501, 6534, 2729, 2749. All
require an IOP. Only fc 2749 is supported on
POWER6, and only for optical & 3590.
83
On POWER7, only the IOPless LVD SCSI card is
supported
All optical boxes above are supported on POWER6 so
long as you put them on a supported IOA
3995 is not supported on POWER7.
399F/3996 are supported on POWER7 systems with
IOPless LVD SCSI cards
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Recap
 Tape Product Line
 Virtual Tape
 New BRMS Report for Tape Planning
 Gen 2 IOPless Tape Driver
 Tape Drive Sharing
 Tape Adapters
 Tape Info APARS
 Optimizing your Tape Performance
 BRMS Parallel Save PTF
 Tape Encryption
 Troubleshooting
 SAN Design Highlights
 Optical Replacement Options
84
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Session Evaluations
 ibmtechu.com/vp
Prizes will be
drawn from
Evals
85
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Hindi
Hebrew
Simplified
Chinese
Russian
Gracias
Thank You Obrigado
Spanish
English
Brazilian Portuguese
Arabic
Dan ke
Grazie
German
Italian
Korean
M erci
French
Japanese
Tamil
Traditional Chinese
86
Thai
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Questions ?
87
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Appendix
Other IBM i specific Information for ProtecTIER
88
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IBM i IOPless Support for ProtecTIER - Restrictions
Restriction #1: IBM i alt-IPL (reload)
Restriction #2: TS7650 IPL with VIOS
(this only applies to IOPless fibre cards, not the older IOP’d cards)
VIOS
IBM i
SAN Switch
TS7650
Node 0
Virt Drive 0
SAVSYS
Tape
Node 1
Virt Drive 2
Virt Drive 3
Virtual Library
To D-IPL your IBM i, use ProtecTIER LUN masking
so the adapter card can only see a single virtual
drive (the one with the SAVSYS in it)
89
IBM i
Fall 2012 Note: IBM i
timers have been
adjusted to reduce the
chance of disruption.
In certain
circumstances,
customers may opt to
IPL the ProtecTIER
without removing it
from the zone
ProtecTIER
Other Tape
in VIOS Zone
If ProtecTIER is attached to VIOS, remove
ProtecTIER port(s) from the VIOS SAN Zone
before IPLing the ProtecTIER, otherwise it may
disrupt other devices
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS DUPMEDBRM Compaction PTF
TS7650
Virtual Tape Saves
are not compacted
so take 3x as much
virtual media (gained
back with dedup)
With the PTF,
DUPMEDBRM can
request compaction
so uses less media
TS3500
With PTF
90
 Part of June 2010 BRMS PTF
 V5R4: SI38733
 IBM i 6.1: SI38739
 IBM i 7.1: SI38740
IBM i
Before the PTF,
dups used the
same compaction
parameter as the
source volume, so
more physical
media was needed
 Exposes the COMPACT parameter so
you can compact the physical volumes
when you dup from ProtecTIER
Before PTF
This PTF has been
around since June
2010 – most shops
likely have it already,
but may need to turn
it on
 Behavior:
 V5R4: control via Data Area
 Q1ADUPCOMP in QTEMP can be
set to *FROMFILE, *YES, *NO
 IBM i 6.1 / 7.1
 COMPACT(*YES) is available
 help text via web
 For new IBM i 6.1 auto-dup
feature, need to change command
default on DUPMEDBRM to *DEV
 Future releases:
 COMPACT(*YES) will be available
with regular help text
© 2012
IBMIBM
Corporation
© 2012
Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS DUPMEDBRM Compaction PTF - Ctd
When you run a save to ProtecTIER, if you leave the compaction parameter at *DEV, then IBM i knows you're
sending the save to a virtual library and knows NOT to do compaction, since we want ProtecTIER to find the dups
first and THEN run the LZ1 algorithm to do the compaction. When you do DUPMEDBRM you DO want to have
compaction on the physical tape. However, prior to the PTF, the DUPMEDBRM command did not "expose" the
compaction parameter ... it just assumed that you wanted the same compaction setting as you'd used for the
original save. So in our case on IBM i, the physical tape dup took 3 times as long and 3 times as much media
since it didn't get 3:1 compaction that is typical on IBM i
This PTF fixes the problem by letting you set the compaction parameter on the dup. You want to set it to *YES or
*DEV. From V6R1 onwards, the PTF lets you actually see the compaction parameter so you can set it. At V5R4
you have to control it via a data area.
The details of the PTF are shown on the next page
91
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS DUPMEDBRM Compaction PTF – Ctd
Details are on the BRMS Wiki
 www.ibm.com/developerworks/ibmi/brms
 In the left sidebar, choose “Devices”, “Virtual Tape libraries”, “ProtecTIER”, then choose this item from the list in
the main panel
QTEMP/Q1ADUPCOMP
 In V5R4, the COMPACT parameter on the DUPTAP command is being externalized via a data area in BRMS.
This data area(QTEMP/Q1ADUPCOMP) is of length 9.
 This would yield current behavior. (or if NO data area):
CRTDTAARA DTAARA(QTEMP/Q1ADUPCOMP) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(9) VALUE('*FROMFILE')
 This would yield a *YES behavior (which is wanted on the TS7650 to physical 3584 tape)
CRTDTAARA DTAARA(QTEMP/Q1ADUPCOMP) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(9) VALUE('*YES')
 This would yield a *NO behavior if needed:
CRTDTAARA DTAARA(QTEMP/Q1ADUPCOMP) TYPE(*CHAR) LEN(9) VALUE('*NO')
 This will only apply to the job that the DUPMEDBRM(s) is being run in, if the DUPMEDBRM is done in batch. The
creating of the data area must be done in the batch job also.
 In V6R1 and above, the COMPACT parameter has been added to the DUPMEDBRM command.
 Notes:
– 1. The auto duplication feature available from V6R1 onwards will not directly support the new parameter on the
media policy as not all the parameters are being put on this feature. However, by changing the DUPMEDBRM
command default to *DEV for the Compact parameter, the behavior can be acquired.
– 2. PTFs SI38733 (V5R4M0) or SI38739 (V6R1M0) or SI38740(V7R1M0) or their superseding PTFs are required.
92
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS Support for Remote Dups to Physical
 When BRMS writes a save, you can mark the tape for later duplication
– Normally, BRMS does not allow you to move the tape offsite until it has been duplicated since this doesn’t make sense in
a physical tape world
– In the ProtecTIER world, if you are making physical tapes at your remote site prior to duplication, you want to be able
“move” the tapes (eg do a ProtecTIER “visibility switch”) prior to replication. This PTF allows that function
The following PTFs or their superseding PTFs are required:
V5R4M0
IBM i 6.1
IBM i 7.1
SI42923
SI42924
SI42925
 For details, see the BRMS Wiki
– www.ibm.com/developerworks/ibmi/brms
– In the left sidebar, choose “Devices”, “Virtual Tape libraries”, “ProtecTIER”,
then choose this item from the list in the main panel
93
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS Support for Remote Dups to Physical - ctd
This function is turned on via a data area in current releases (up to and including IBM i 7.1), and will be
added as an official BRMS command in future releases
•To override a move policy to allow movement when a volume is marked for duplication:
CALL QBRM/Q1AOLD PARM('MOVMRKDUP ' '*SET ' 'move policy’ ‘Y’)
•To remove the override for a move policy that allows movement when a volume is marked for duplication:
CALL QBRM/Q1AOLD PARM('MOVMRKDUP ' '*SET ' 'move policy’ ‘N’)
•To display all overrides for move policies that allow movement
when a volume is marked for duplication:
CALL QBRM/Q1AOLD PARM('MOVMRKDUP ' '*DISPLAY ')
•To remove all overrides for move policies that allow movement
when a volume is marked for duplication:
CALL QBRM/Q1AOLD PARM('MOVMRKDUP ' '*CLEAR’)
Note: In releases IBM i 7.1 and earlier, there will be no
synchronization of this behavior to other systems in
the BRMS network. Each system wishing to use this
new function will need to run the commands above. In
releases following IBM i 7.1, this restriction will be
removed
94
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS Parallel Save OPTBLK PTF
 Many ProtecTIER customers use BRMS parallel saves to increase the throughput of
their backups
 BRMS Parallel Saves (both parallel-parallel and parallel-serial) have been using small
blocks (32K) since the function was introduced in V4R4
 The June 2011 BRMS PTF switches them to use large blocks (256K approx). This can
improve parallel save performance dramatically, since it requires much less CPU to run
the backup
– SI42923 (R540)
– SI42924 (R610)
– SI42925 (7.1)
 Customers who have tried parallel saves
in the past and found them not helpful,
should go back and retry once they apply
the PTF
95
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS Initialize on Expiry function
 By default, the ProtecTIER Virtual tapes are not cleaned up when they expire – the data is held on
them until the virtual volume is re-written. This means that:
– A lot of ProtecTIER space is tied up with data that is really expired. If there is a large scratch pool, this
amount can be excessive
– ProtecTIER de-dup ratios look really good since ProtecTIER doesn’t know these copies are expired
– ProtecTIER cleanup will happen during the backup window when the expired tape is overwritten, which
may impact backup performance
 From V5R4 onwards, BRMS can ask ProtecTIER to scratch the virtual media when it expires,
specifically when the STREXPBRM command runs to expire the tape in BRMS. This is typically run
during daily BRMS Maintenance.
– Note: the expiry process requires the virtual media to be mounted in a virtual drive
– This allows the user to control when the ProtecTIER cleanup is done
The following PTFs or their superseding PTFs are required:
V5R4M0
IBM i 6.1
IBM i 7.1
96
SI45327
SI45326
SI45325
Virtual
Tapes
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS Initialize on Expiry function - ctd
This function is turned on via a data area in current releases (up to and including IBM i 7.1), and will be
added as an official BRMS command in future releases
To turn on this option to initialize on expiration during
STRMNTBRM:
CALL QBRM/Q1AOLD PARM('INZONEXP ' '*SET ' 'media
class' 'Y')
To turn off this option to initialize on expiration during
STRMNTBRM:
CALL QBRM/Q1AOLD PARM('INZONEXP ' '*SET ' 'media
class' 'N')
To display all media classes that have this option turned on:
CALL QBRM/Q1AOLD PARM('INZONEXP ' '*DISPLAY ')
To remove all media classes that have this option turned on:
CALL QBRM/Q1AOLD PARM('INZONEXP ' '*CLEAR ')
Virtual
Tapes
Note: In releases IBM i 7.1 and earlier, there will be no
synchronization of this behavior to other systems in the BRMS
network. Each system wishing to use this new function will need
to run the commands above. In releases following IBM i 7.1, this
restriction will be removed
97
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
BRMS PRTRPTBRM *CTRLGRPSTAT
• This report is very helpful for analyzing your backup environment and sizing
Tape or ProtecTIER
• See details earlier in this presentation
June 2012 BRMS PTF
V5R4
SI46335 (Partial Support – see note)
V6R1
SI46339
IBM i 7.1 SI46340
Note: Reports for a V5R4 system must be created
on a V6R1 or IBM i 7.1 system that is in the same
BRMS network. Use the “From System” parameter
98
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
IBM i 15,000 Slot Library Enhancement
 Tapes can be stored in many places in a tape library, collectively called “Storage elements”:
–
–
–
–
Slots
Convenience IO station
Tape Drives
Library Robotic Grippers
 Historically, IBM i allowed up to 5,000 storage elements in a library or library partition
– With physical tape, this was plenty for most customers, since most cartridges were stored offsite
– With virtual tape, every virtual cartridge needs a slot, whether the main copy is at the home site or the replicated
site. Hence 5,000 storage elements was restrictive
– Once the max was reached, a new tape library, tape library partition or VTL was needed
 This restriction is lifted by the following July 2012 IBM i PTFs that increase the max library size to 15,000 storage
elements:
– IBM i 6.1.1:
– IBM i 7.1.0
99
MF50093, MF55406
MF55409
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
256 drives in a Virtual Tape Library (IOPless)
• For certain operations, the IBM i asks the tape library to send a description of the tape library metrics –
eg # slots, # drives, # grippers, etc. This data is received in a buffer on the IBM i tape adapter card and
includes information about ALL drives in the library, not just the ones attached to the IBM i system that is
issuing the request
• On IOP’d fibre cards:
• the buffer can hold information about up to 92 tape drives
• ON IOPless fibre cards:
• Without any PTFs, the buffer can hold information about up to 250 tape drives
• With the PTF below, the buffer can hold information about up to 256 tape drives
• If you need to have a library with more drives, please contact support to see if we can test a larger
library still
• Hence, the maximum drives in a virtual library that is attached to IBM i is 92 and 250 / 256 accordingly
• If you have more drives than this in your virtual library, odd things will happen
PTFs to allow 256 (vs 250) Tape drives in a Tape
Library or Virtual Tape Library attached to IBM i
(IOPless adapters)
V6R1M1 - MF56115
IBM i 7.1 - MF56114
100
IOP’d
IOPless
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Special notices
This document was developed for IBM offerings in the United States as of the date of publication. IBM may not make these offerings available in
other countries, and the information is subject to change without notice. Consult your local IBM business contact for information on the IBM
offerings available in your area.
Information in this document concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of these products or other public sources. Questions
on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products.
IBM may have patents or pending patent applications covering subject matter in this document. The furnishing of this document does not give
you any license to these patents. Send license inquires, in writing, to IBM Director of Licensing, IBM Corporation, New Castle Drive, Armonk, NY
10504-1785 USA.
All statements regarding IBM future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives
only.
The information contained in this document has not been submitted to any formal IBM test and is provided "AS IS" with no warranties or
guarantees either expressed or implied.
All examples cited or described in this document are presented as illustrations of the manner in which some IBM products can be used and the
results that may be achieved. Actual environmental costs and performance characteristics will vary depending on individual client configurations
and conditions.
IBM Global Financing offerings are provided through IBM Credit Corporation in the United States and other IBM subsidiaries and divisions
worldwide to qualified commercial and government clients. Rates are based on a client's credit rating, financing terms, offering type, equipment
type and options, and may vary by country. Other restrictions may apply. Rates and offerings are subject to change, extension or withdrawal
without notice.
IBM is not responsible for printing errors in this document that result in pricing or information inaccuracies.
All prices shown are IBM's United States suggested list prices and are subject to change without notice; reseller prices may vary.
IBM hardware products are manufactured from new parts, or new and serviceable used parts. Regardless, our warranty terms apply.
Any performance data contained in this document was determined in a controlled environment. Actual results may vary significantly and are
dependent on many factors including system hardware configuration and software design and configuration. Some measurements quoted in this
document may have been made on development-level systems. There is no guarantee these measurements will be the same on generallyavailable systems. Some measurements quoted in this document may have been estimated through extrapolation. Users of this document
should verify the applicable data for their specific environment.
Revised September 26, 2006
101
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Special notices (cont.)
IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com AIX, AIX (logo), AIX 5L, AIX 6 (logo), AS/400, BladeCenter, Blue Gene, ClusterProven, DB2, ESCON, i5/OS, i5/OS (logo), IBM Business
Partner (logo), IntelliStation, LoadLeveler, Lotus, Lotus Notes, Notes, Operating System/400, OS/400, PartnerLink, PartnerWorld, PowerPC, pSeries, Rational, RISC
System/6000, RS/6000, THINK, Tivoli, Tivoli (logo), Tivoli Management Environment, WebSphere, xSeries, z/OS, zSeries, Active Memory, Balanced Warehouse,
CacheFlow, Cool Blue, IBM Systems Director VMControl, pureScale, TurboCore, Chiphopper, Cloudscape, DB2 Universal Database, DS4000, DS6000, DS8000,
EnergyScale, Enterprise Workload Manager, General Parallel File System, , GPFS, HACMP, HACMP/6000, HASM, IBM Systems Director Active Energy Manager,
iSeries, Micro-Partitioning, POWER, PowerExecutive, PowerVM, PowerVM (logo), PowerHA, Power Architecture, Power Everywhere, Power Family, POWER Hypervisor,
Power Systems, Power Systems (logo), Power Systems Software, Power Systems Software (logo), POWER2, POWER3, POWER4, POWER4+, POWER5, POWER5+,
POWER6, POWER6+, POWER7, System i, System p, System p5, System Storage, System z, TME 10, Workload Partitions Manager and X-Architecture are trademarks
or registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. If these and other IBM trademarked terms are
marked on their first occurrence in this information with a trademark symbol (® or ™), these symbols indicate U.S. registered or common law trademarks owned by IBM at
the time this information was published. Such trademarks may also be registered or common law trademarks in other countries.
A full list of U.S. trademarks owned by IBM may be found at: http://www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml.
Adobe, the Adobe logo, PostScript, and the PostScript logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States, and/or
other countries.
AltiVec is a trademark of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
AMD Opteron is a trademark of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
InfiniBand, InfiniBand Trade Association and the InfiniBand design marks are trademarks and/or service marks of the InfiniBand Trade Association.
Intel, Intel logo, Intel Inside, Intel Inside logo, Intel Centrino, Intel Centrino logo, Celeron, Intel Xeon, Intel SpeedStep, Itanium, and Pentium are trademarks or registered
trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
IT Infrastructure Library is a registered trademark of the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency which is now part of the Office of Government Commerce.
Java and all Java-based trademarks and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Linear Tape-Open, LTO, the LTO Logo, Ultrium, and the Ultrium logo are trademarks of HP, IBM Corp. and Quantum in the U.S. and other countries.
Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries or both.
Microsoft, Windows and the Windows logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries or both.
NetBench is a registered trademark of Ziff Davis Media in the United States, other countries or both.
SPECint, SPECfp, SPECjbb, SPECweb, SPECjAppServer, SPEC OMP, SPECviewperf, SPECapc, SPEChpc, SPECjvm, SPECmail, SPECimap and SPECsfs are
trademarks of the Standard Performance Evaluation Corp (SPEC).
The Power Architecture and Power.org wordmarks and the Power and Power.org logos and related marks are trademarks and service marks licensed by Power.org.
TPC-C and TPC-H are trademarks of the Transaction Performance Processing Council (TPPC).
UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States, other countries or both.
Other company, product and service names may be trademarks or service marks of others.
Revised December 2, 2010
102
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Notes on benchmarks and values
The IBM benchmarks results shown herein were derived using particular, well configured, development-level and generally-available computer systems. Buyers should
consult other sources of information to evaluate the performance of systems they are considering buying and should consider conducting application oriented testing. For
additional information about the benchmarks, values and systems tested, contact your local IBM office or IBM authorized reseller or access the Web site of the benchmark
consortium or benchmark vendor.
IBM benchmark results can be found in the IBM Power Systems Performance Report at http://www.ibm.com/systems/p/hardware/system_perf.html .
All performance measurements were made with AIX or AIX 5L operating systems unless otherwise indicated to have used Linux. For new and upgraded systems, the latest
versions of AIX were used. All other systems used previous versions of AIX. The SPEC CPU2006, LINPACK, and Technical Computing benchmarks were compiled using
IBM's high performance C, C++, and FORTRAN compilers for AIX 5L and Linux. For new and upgraded systems, the latest versions of these compilers were used: XL C for
AIX v11.1, XL C/C++ for AIX v11.1, XL FORTRAN for AIX v13.1, XL C/C++ for Linux v11.1, and XL FORTRAN for Linux v13.1.
For a definition/explanation of each benchmark and the full list of detailed results, visit the Web site of the benchmark consortium or benchmark vendor.
TPC
SPEC
LINPACK
Pro/E
GPC
VolanoMark
STREAM
SAP
Oracle, Siebel, PeopleSoft
Baan
Fluent
TOP500 Supercomputers
Ideas International
Storage Performance Council
http://www.tpc.org
http://www.spec.org
http://www.netlib.org/benchmark/performance.pdf
http://www.proe.com
http://www.spec.org/gpc
http://www.volano.com
http://www.cs.virginia.edu/stream/
http://www.sap.com/benchmark/
http://www.oracle.com/apps_benchmark/
http://www.ssaglobal.com
http://www.fluent.com/software/fluent/index.htm
http://www.top500.org/
http://www.ideasinternational.com/benchmark/bench.html
http://www.storageperformance.org/results
Revised December 2, 2010
103
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Notes on HPC benchmarks and values
The IBM benchmarks results shown herein were derived using particular, well configured, development-level and generally-available computer systems. Buyers should
consult other sources of information to evaluate the performance of systems they are considering buying and should consider conducting application oriented testing. For
additional information about the benchmarks, values and systems tested, contact your local IBM office or IBM authorized reseller or access the Web site of the benchmark
consortium or benchmark vendor.
IBM benchmark results can be found in the IBM Power Systems Performance Report at http://www.ibm.com/systems/p/hardware/system_perf.html .
All performance measurements were made with AIX or AIX 5L operating systems unless otherwise indicated to have used Linux. For new and upgraded systems, the latest
versions of AIX were used. All other systems used previous versions of AIX. The SPEC CPU2006, LINPACK, and Technical Computing benchmarks were compiled using
IBM's high performance C, C++, and FORTRAN compilers for AIX 5L and Linux. For new and upgraded systems, the latest versions of these compilers were used: XL C for
AIX v11.1, XL C/C++ for AIX v11.1, XL FORTRAN for AIX v13.1, XL C/C++ for Linux v11.1, and XL FORTRAN for Linux v13.1. Linpack HPC (Highly Parallel Computing)
used the current versions of the IBM Engineering and Scientific Subroutine Library (ESSL). For Power7 systems, IBM Engineering and Scientific Subroutine Library (ESSL)
for AIX Version 5.1 and IBM Engineering and Scientific Subroutine Library (ESSL) for Linux Version 5.1 were used.
For a definition/explanation of each benchmark and the full list of detailed results, visit the Web site of the benchmark consortium or benchmark vendor.
SPEC
http://www.spec.org
LINPACK
http://www.netlib.org/benchmark/performance.pdf
Pro/E
http://www.proe.com
GPC
http://www.spec.org/gpc
STREAM
http://www.cs.virginia.edu/stream/
Fluent
http://www.fluent.com/software/fluent/index.htm
TOP500 Supercomputers
http://www.top500.org/
AMBER
http://amber.scripps.edu/
FLUENT
http://www.fluent.com/software/fluent/fl5bench/index.htm
GAMESS
http://www.msg.chem.iastate.edu/gamess
GAUSSIAN
http://www.gaussian.com
ANSYS
http://www.ansys.com/services/hardware-support-db.htm
Click on the "Benchmarks" icon on the left hand side frame to expand. Click on "Benchmark Results in a Table" icon for benchmark results.
ABAQUS
http://www.simulia.com/support/v68/v68_performance.php
ECLIPSE
http://www.sis.slb.com/content/software/simulation/index.asp?seg=geoquest&
MM5
http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/mm5/
MSC.NASTRAN
http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/prod%5Fsupport/nastran/performance/v04_sngl.cfm
STAR-CD
www.cd-adapco.com/products/STAR-CD/performance/320/index/html
NAMD
http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/namd
Revised December 2, 2010
HMMER
http://hmmer.janelia.org/
http://powerdev.osuosl.org/project/hmmerAltivecGen2mod
104
© 2012 IBM Corporation
ATS Masters - Storage
Notes on performance estimates
rPerf for AIX
rPerf (Relative Performance) is an estimate of commercial processing performance relative to other IBM UNIX systems. It is derived
from an IBM analytical model which uses characteristics from IBM internal workloads, TPC and SPEC benchmarks. The rPerf
model is not intended to represent any specific public benchmark results and should not be reasonably used in that way. The
model simulates some of the system operations such as CPU, cache and memory. However, the model does not simulate disk or
network I/O operations.
 rPerf estimates are calculated based on systems with the latest levels of AIX and other pertinent software at the time of system
announcement. Actual performance will vary based on application and configuration specifics. The IBM eServer pSeries 640 is
the baseline reference system and has a value of 1.0. Although rPerf may be used to approximate relative IBM UNIX commercial
processing performance, actual system performance may vary and is dependent upon many factors including system hardware
configuration and software design and configuration. Note that the rPerf methodology used for the POWER6 systems is
identical to that used for the POWER5 systems. Variations in incremental system performance may be observed in commercial
workloads due to changes in the underlying system architecture.
All performance estimates are provided "AS IS" and no warranties or guarantees are expressed or implied by IBM. Buyers should
consult other sources of information, including system benchmarks, and application sizing guides to evaluate the performance
of a system they are considering buying. For additional information about rPerf, contact your local IBM office or IBM authorized
reseller.
========================================================================
CPW for IBM i
Commercial Processing Workload (CPW) is a relative measure of performance of processors running the IBM i operating system.
Performance in customer environments may vary. The value is based on maximum configurations. More performance
information is available in the Performance Capabilities Reference at:
www.ibm.com/systems/i/solutions/perfmgmt/resource.html
Revised April 2, 2007
105
© 2012 IBM Corporation