Presented by:yoshita franklin
Niraj Dahire
Pushpendra kumar
vikas tripathi
LEASED LINE
 Leased lines
 Limited to point-to-point communication

Limits who you can talk to
 Carriers offer leased lines at an attractive price per bit
sent to keep high-volume customers
Leased Line
LEASED LINE
 Leased line are basically point to point connection given
on lease basis.
 To transmit the data between computer and electronic
information device we uses a leased line.
 Leased circuits are provided to subscribers for internal
communication between their offices/factories at various
sites within a city/town or different cities/town on point to
point basis, or on a network basis interconnecting
LEASED LINE CONTD.
 For dedicated point to point speech, private wire, teleprinter and data circuits are given on lease basis.
 Leased lines are used to build up private networks,
private telephone networks (by
interconnecting PBX's) or access the internet or a
partner network (extranet).
TYPES OF LEASED LINE
 Point to point connection.
 Multi-label-protocol-switching(MPLS) VPN.
 Internet Leased Line.
POINT TO POINT CONNECTION
 A dedicated link through the service providers’ network.
 This link is not shared with other customers, and provides
a dedicated circuit between two locations
 it is a permanently established circuit through the service
provider’s switched network, similar to what is illustrated
in the figure below.
POINT TO POINT CONNECTION CONTD.
 It is a good choice for customers who require consistent
bandwidth between two locations.
FIGURE DEPICTING POINT TO POINT CONNECTION
Point to point connection using
vmux
ADVANATAGE
 This connection is directly "laid in" for you - thus you end
up with a dedicated connection - for high end business's
usually, with higher speeds, lower contention and faster
response times to any problems.
 Data security.
DISADVANTAGE
 As the organization grows present networking
solution becomes costly since we will have to invest on
Multiple links and Networking equipments.
 Provisioning & Commissioning.
MPLS VPN
 MPLS VPN stands for MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL
SWITCHINGVIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK.
 An MPLS Network is formed by connecting each
location with a single link to a service provider MPLS
network.
MPLS VPN NETWORK
BSNL – VPN Core Network
Lucknow
Delhi
Ahmedabad
Kolkatta
Mumbai
Pune
Bangalore
Chennai
M40e Router
STM1 Links
Ernakulam
Hyderabad
BSNL – MPLS VPN Network POP Layout
Core Router (M40e)
Gigabit Ethernet Switch
STM-1 Link
Gigabit Ethernet
E3 Link
Edge Router (M40e/M20)
MPLS Benefits
 The performance characteristics of layer 2 networks
 The connectivity and network services of layer 3
networks
 Improves the price/performance of network layer
routing
 Improved scalability
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MPLS Benefits contd..
 Improves the possibilities for traffic engineering
 Supports the delivery of services with QoS guarantees
 Avoids need for coordination of IP and ATM address
allocation and routing information
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Advantage of MPLS VAN over
POINT TO POINT CONNECTION
 Quality of Service: Since MPLS network enables traffic engineering, it is
possible to send (for example) – data traffic over a lower priority path and
real time delay sensitive voice/ video packets over a high priority/ lesser
used/ shorter path. This enables network convergence (The Wide Area
Network becomes more suitable for introduction of new services like voice,
video, multicast traffic, hosting etc).
 Connection oriented network: MPLS is a connection-oriented
network unlike connection less networks like IP. So, it is more reliable.
 Bandwidth Allocation: MPLS networks allow for dynamic bandwidth
allocation and hence can be used to provide bandwidth on demand (for
a specific period etc) to customers. Further, rate limiting and other
bandwidth management parameters allow a certain bandwidth to be
dedicated for mission critical applications.
ADVANTAGE (CONTD.)
 Easy and Cost effective Expansion: Let us assume that the cost of
connecting two sites by using Point to Point Leased Lines versus MPLS
circuits comes to a ratio of 1:1 (For two sites there is only a single link
required for both and hence the cost is same). But when it comes to
interconnecting five sites (as shown in the above diagram), the number of
links required for Point-to-Point Leased Lines would be 10 while for MPLS
circuits, it would be only five and hence the corresponding cost ratio would
be around 5:1 (Point to Point Leased Lines : MPLS Circuits).
 Protocol Independent forwarding: MPLS networks can carry any
type of packets – be it IP, frame relay or ATM using the same
infrastructure. This is because, what ever type of packets comes in,
MPLS labels would be attached to it for transmitting them over the
MPLS network and these labels are protocol independent.
DISADVANATAGE
 MPLS port and loop rates were higher than
expected. Had the network been more
geographically diverse, this factor would have been
less noticeable, but for sites that were all close
together and yet some distance from the closest
POP, the pricing was out of line.
 MPLS requires greater IT overhead to manage all
of the routers at each site. The customer was
looking to decrease the IT burden, not increase it.
MPLS VPN USING VMUX
INTERNET LEASED LINE
 An Internet Leased Line is usually a dedicated line
which offers direct connectivity to the Internet.
 This is done by connecting the nearest service provider
nodal point and the customer premises with a
dedicated copper line, optical fiber cable, radio links
INTERNET LEASED LINE(CONTD.)
 Internet Leased Lines are preferred over broadband
connections for providing internet connectivity to
larger organizations like colleges, corporate offices,
hospitals, etc.
BASIC MODEL FOR INTERNET LEASED LINE
ADVANTAGE
 Internet Leased Lines offer same speed for both uploads and downloads
(symmetric connectivity), while in broadband (through DSL technology) the
speeds are always optimized for downloads and the upload speeds are much
lesser. etc. all of which are used by medium and large businesses regularly.
 Generally, broadband connectivity is shared with multiple users in a locality.
Broadband plans generally denote the best bandwidth that can be attained and
not the assured bandwidth levels. But a 2 Mbps Internet Leased Line should
give 2 Mbps of performance as it is a dedicated connection without any
sharing.
ADVANTAGE(CONTD.)
 There is a wider choice of bandwidth selection (64 Kbps, 128
Kbps,… 2 Mbps,… 155 Mbps etc) with Internet Leased Lines.
With broadband, the selection is more restricted.
 Internet Leased lines are provided through multiple media –
Copper, Fiber, Radio links or a combination of the above.
Optical media communication is more reliable and offers better
fault tolerance/ performance/ monitoring abilities, especially
for higher bandwidths.
 Internet Leased Lines offer a pool of permanent IP addresses
which enables organizations to run their own mail servers, web
servers and other applications.
TYPES OF LEASED CIRCUIT
 G-4 MUX
 MLLN VMUX
G-4 MUX
E-1 CARRIER(P.C.M)
 P.C.M stand for pulse coded modulation.
 A dedicated phone connection supporting data rates
of 2.048Mbits per second.
 An E- 1 line actually consists of 32 individual channels,
each of which supports 64Kbits per second.
 Each 64Kbit/second channel can be configured to
carry voice or data traffic.
E-1 CARRIER(P.C.M) contd.
 An E1 link operates over two separate sets of wires, usually
coaxial cable. A nominal 2.4 Volt signal is encoded with pulses
using a method that avoids long periods without polarity
changes.
 The line data rate is 2.048 Mbit/s (full duplex, i.e. 2.048 Mbit/s
downstream and 2.048 Mbit/s upstream) which is split into 32
time slots, each being allocated 8 bits in turn Thus each time
slot sends and receives an 8-bit sample 8000 times per second (8
x 8000 x 32= 2,048, 000).
 This is ideal for voice telephone calls where the voice is sampled
into an 8 bit number at that data rate and reconstructed at the
other end.
E-1 FRAME STRUCTURE
 32 Timeslots Total.
 Each channel holds 8 Bits.
 Each channel repeats 64,000 times a second (64
Kbps).
 30 TIME SLOTS for voice calls.
MLLN VMUX
 The MLLN is an integrated, fully managed, multi-service digital network
platform through which service provider can offer a wide range of services
at an optimal cost to Business Subscribers. Backed by a flexible Network
Management System with powerful diagnostics and maintenance tools, the
MLLN can be used to provide high-speed leased lines with improved QoS
(Quality of Service), high availability and reliability. The Network
Management System also supports Service Provisioning, Network
Optimization, Planning and Service Monitoring.
 The system offers features such as end to end circuit creation and
monitoring, Circuit Loop Test and fault isolation, Alternate re-routing of
traffic in case of trunk failure, Software programmability of NTUs, etc.
MLLN USING VMUX
ADVANTAGE

Circuit fault reports generated proactively.
 On demand the bandwidth can be increased.
 Protection against the failure of the circuit.
 Centrally managed from Network Management System.
 Easy re-routing and configuration
THANK YOU