Cost-effectively Positioning
Your Network for 4G/LTE
July 25th, 2012
Kurt Raaflaub
Ethernet and Optical Solutions
Carrier Networks Division
ADTRAN
http://www.adtran.com/mobilebackhaul
® Adtran, Inc. 2007
2010 All rights reserved
Proprietary and Confidential
1
Delivering Scalable Reliability
Meeting Rigid QoS Requirements in the Presence of Service Expansion
® Adtran, Inc. 2012 All rights reserved
2
A good backhaul solution…
 Maintains a reliable, low cost connection
between cell sites and mobile exchange
 Assures compliance to
service level agreements (SLAs)
via the use of performance monitoring
customer web-portal
 Provides a scalable architecture
reliably supporting future growth in
service, customer, and network size
 Supports both legacy and
next generation service (including
synchronization) delivery and transport
 Minimizes the operational costs
associated with end to end service
activation, assurance and diagnostics.
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3
Reliable, Low Cost
High QoE, High Availability, Simple
 Always-on
– Service Availability via Network Resiliency
 Quality of Experience (QoE)
– Low latency <5ms one-way delay
– Predicates fiber; home-run point to point
– Limited switch points and router hops
 Prioritizes Real-time applications
– H-QoS mechanisms
– Policing, Queuing, Scheduling, Shaping
– MEF compliant traffic management
 Low-cost, simplified network
– Ethernet access/aggregation
– Minimal re-architecting
® Adtran, Inc. 2012 All rights reserved
Typical Mobile Backhaul SLA
SLA
Attribute
Max 1-way frame delay
Max frame delay variation
Bit Error Rate (BER)
Frame Error Rate (FER) or
Frame Loss Ratio (FLR)
SLA
Requirement
< 5ms
+/- 1ms
< 1E10-9
< 1E10-6
4
Building a Strong Reputation
Supporting SLA Monitoring and Reporting
 Understanding SLAs
– Well defined in any RFI
Circuit-based
Packet-based
 Meeting stringent demands of MNO
– Building a robust network
 Performance measurement and
monitoring
– Standard-based PM tool set supporting
ITU-T Y.1731, Y.1564
Traffic
Management
 Proving compliance in near real-time
Performance
Monitoring
– Customer Viewable PM Dashboard/
Web Portal
– Sub 1ms measurement accuracy
Because All Packet Networks are not Created Equal
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5
Customer Viewable Web Portal
Proving SLA Compliance in Real-time
Collect/
Store
Stats
Measure
Accurately
to <1ms
Compare
against
SLA
Present
Compliance
(Infractions)
Creates a
Precarious
Situation
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6
Low Cost, Low Latency … Low Scale?
Layer 3 (IP-connection)
Layer 2 & 2.5
Layer 1 & 2
Mobile
App
Client
Mobile
Backhaul
Network Optimization
Backhaul Network
Backhaul
Mobile
Optimization Network
SLA Assurance & Sync Delivery
Mobile
App
Server
2G
DS0/1/T1
MNO 1
DCS
CSU
3G
MME
SGW
Router
ML-PPP/T1 or
ATM IMA/T1
GigE
10 GigE
M13 or
ADM
IMS
EPC
Internet
Router
4G
SGW
IP/Ethernet
EPC
IMS
Router
MME
CSR
MNO 2
Access
® Adtran, Inc. 2012 All rights reserved
Aggregation
Metro
Mobile Core
7
Mobile Video and Tablets
Mobile video traffic exceeded 50 percent
for the first time in 2011.
Mobile network connection speeds will
increase 9-fold to 2.9Mbps by 2016.
Source: Cisco VNI 1012
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8
Multiple Drivers for Edge Transformation
All Segments Services are Scaling
Business
Services
Mobile
Backhaul
Residential
Broadband
Metro Ethernet Services
100Mbps – 10Gbps
4G/LTE Backhaul
Ethernet over Fiber
FCC Mandate for
100Mbps per Home
® Adtran, Inc. 2012 All rights reserved
Proprietary and Confidential
9
Reliability in the Presence of Growth
Delivering Scalable Reliability
 Scalable architecture
Now what? More Fiber? 100G?
– 300Mbps up to 1Gbps per site, per MNO
– 10Gbps interface to MTSO
 Accelerating service delivery
– More Applications
– More Services
 Lowering network complexity
– More Customers
– More Sites
 Preserving QoE through the explosion
– Multiple MNO customer per site
– Mobile Video
® Adtran, Inc. 2012 All rights reserved
10
Scalability Through Packet Optical
Being Ready for Ethernet Services Growth
Layer 3 (IP-connection)
Layer 2 & 2.5
Layer 1 & 2
Mobile
App
Client
Mobile
Backhaul
Network Optimization
Backhaul Network
Backhaul
Mobile
Optimization Network
SLA Assurance & Sync Delivery
2G
DS0/1/T1
MNO 1
EoF
DCS
CSU
3G
Router
Dual
Homing
M13 or
ADM
Internet
Router
4G
SGW
IP/Ethernet
Aggregation
EPC
IMS
Router
GigE
MME
EoF
Access
IMS
EPC
10G l
EoF
® Adtran, Inc. 2012 All rights reserved
MME
SGW
ML-PPP/T1 or
ATM IMA/T1
CSR
Mobile
App
Server
MNO 2
Metro
Mobile Core
11
Optical Networking Transformation
Voice Centric
Video Centric
+ WDM
WDM 
ROADM
Ethernet
added
+ OTN
SONET
SONET
Voice-centric solutions limit packet services
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12
Scalable Service Separation
 Dedicated facilities per MNO
or Service
– 1 or 10Gig increments
– Wavelength separation
– Resilient ring protection
 Dedicated switch fabric per MNO
or Service
– Hierarchical QoS
– Physically isolated traffic paths
Logical Path P2P with limited Ethernet switching
Speed of Light
Low latency Optical switching (Transponding)
 Service Flexibility/Applicability
– Ethernet or OTN (SONET/SDH) services
Ethernet
Aggregation
Platform
MNO C
MNO A
MNO B
® Adtran, Inc. 2012 All rights reserved
44, 88 or more
10Gig l
IP/MPLS
Core
Dedicated pairs of Ethernet, OTN or Optical
switching fabric separated
per MNO or per service
13
Typical Capacity Requirement (>10G)
10G services drive need for Packet Optical
Service
Type
Bandwidth Service
per Type
Quantity
Bandwidth Client l
Sub-Total allocated
Network l
allocated
Mobile
Backhaul (4G)
300Mbps
3 MNO per cell site
x 5 sites
4.5Gbps
(1.5 G per MNO)
l1, l2, l3
(1 Gig per MNO)
l1, l 2, l3
(10 Gig per MNO)
Mobile
Backhaul (2/3G)
30Mbps
3 MNO per cell site
x 5 sites
0.5Gbps
n/a
l5
(1 Gig ODU0)
FTTH (GPON)
2.5 Gbps
1 Deployment
2.5 Gbps
n/a
l6
Metro Ethernet
1 Gbps
2 Enterprises
2 Gbps
n/a
l6
Total >10 Gbps
Ethernet, xOADM
and OTN
MNO C
IP/MPLS
Core
3 x GigE l
MNO A
MNO B
GigE
2.5 GigE
Common Service
Management
GigE
FTTH
Deployment
® Adtran, Inc. 2012 All rights reserved
Metro
Ethernet
Services
MNO – Mobile Network Operator
14
Broad Ethernet Market Applicability
Cost-effective; Time-to-Market Sensitive
LTE Backhaul
Applicable
OR
Any Ethernet Service
Applicable
– NOW or FUTURE
® Adtran, Inc. 2012 All rights reserved
15
Reliable, Low Cost: Today & Tomorrow
Delivering Scalable Reliability
 Delivering a Reliable, Low cost
connection
–
–
–
–
Always-on
Quality of Experience
Prioritizes Real-time applications
Low CapEx and OpEx
 Building a Strong Reputation
–
–
–
–
Understanding SLAs
Meeting stringent demands of MNO
Proving compliance in near real-time
Continuous compliance
 Maintaining Reliability through Growth
–
–
–
–
Scalable architecture
Lowering Network Complexity
Accelerating Service Delivery
Preserving QoE through the explosion
Meeting Rigid QoS Requirements in the Presence of Service Expansion
® Adtran, Inc. 2012 All rights reserved
16
4G/LTE alone can not meet Demand
® Adtran, Inc. 2007 All rights reserved
17
Increasing Mobile BB Capacity
Pico
BB Proc
BB Proc
BB Proc
BB Proc
BB Proc
Backhaul
network
Pico
Pico
Methods to Increase Mobile Broadband Capacity
– Growth in small cells: decrease cell radius 
increase bandwidth per subscriber
– Centralized baseband processing  increase in
fiber connectivity to remote radio heads
– Spectral efficiency improvements in LTE
– Increases in spectrum availability
– Use of non-license spectrum (i.e. Wi-Fi) for data
offload
FCC Spectrum
® Adtran, Inc. 2007 All rights reserved
Current 2/3G
170 MHz
4G/coming on line
347 MHz
Cisco VNI: “39% of mobile
data will be offloaded by 2015”
To be allocated by 2015
300 MHz
By 2020
200 MHz
18
Mobile Data Offload
This is a lot more expensive than this
This was designed for voice and this
was designed for data
So, carriers are devising ways to keep
voice on the current cellular
infrastructure and move all data
sessions to available Wi-Fi
infrastructure
® Adtran,
Inc. 2007
rights
reserved
® ADTRAN,
Inc. All
2011
All rights
reserved
ADTRAN Company Confidential
12
19
Wi-Fi Offload Architecture
Scalable, cloud-based
virtual control from
existing data centers
AP Mgmt & SLA
Monitoring
(Control Plane)
Outdoor AP or
Metro Cell
Exchange
802.11n 5Hz
Directional
Internet
Bonded Copper
Cabinet
GE
Bonded xDSL or
GPON/GE Uplink
Mobile Core
Secure Mobile Core Tunnel for Seamless Mobility
3G/4G Voice
TTG/
PDG
AAA
Mobile Backhaul Network
(SLA-Based)
Challenges with Wi-Fi Offload
 Managing scalability of thousands of APs
Wi-Fi Offload Addresses
Bottlenecks in Radio
Network and MBH network
 Ensuring seamless connectivity and mobility between 3G/4G and Wi-Fi networks
 Taming unpredictable nature of traditional Wi-Fi networks
Solution: vWLAN enables scalable provisioning and policy enforcement for highly
distributed Carrier Wi-Fi access networks, while enforcing predictable and repeatable
behavior of unlicensed Wi-Fi spectrum
® Adtran, Inc. 2007 All rights reserved
20
Wi-Fi Advancements: Hotspot 2.0
Hotspot 2.0 Overview
– Hotspot 2.0 allows for seamless and secure roaming between
3G/4G and Wi-Fi networks: simple and secure as roaming
between cell towers
– Phase 1: Discovery (covered by 802.11u) and Security (Covered
by WPA2 Enterprise (includes EAP-SIM)
– Phase 2: Registration (account creation) and Provisioning
(subscriber credentials and policy assignment)
Provider
SSIDs
RADIUS
Proxy
Service Provider
Network
Roaming
Hubs
802.11u
HS 2.0 AP
HLRs (Subscriber Info)
® Adtran, Inc. 2007 All rights reserved
21