Presentation on
EXPERIENCES FROM TRANS BOUNDARY PROJECT
AIMED AT REDUCING CLIMATE DISASTER RISKS
AND ENHANCING RESILIENCE OF THE
VULNERABLE COASTAL COMMUNITIES AROUND
THE SUNDARBAN IN BANGLADESH AND INDIA
EXPERIENCES FROM TRANS BOUNDARY PROJECT
AIMED AT REDUCING CLIMATE DISASTER RISKS
AND ENHANCING RESILIENCE OF THE
VULNERABLE COASTAL COMMUNITIES AROUND
THE SUNDARBAN IN BANGLADESH AND INDIA
BY
ASM SHAHIDUL HAQUE
TEAM LEADER, CCDRER PROJECT
BANGLADESH CENTRE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES (BCAS)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
-SOME INFORMATION OF THIS PRESENENSURING IS
COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT WORK OF BCAS
- MOSTLY THE PRESENTATION FOCUSES ON THE ACTIVITIES OF
AN EU FUNDED PROJECT TITLED COLLECTIVE ACTION TO REDUCE
CLIMATE DISASTER RISKS AND ENHANCING RESILIENCE OF THE
VULNERABLE COASTAL COMMUNITIES AROUND THE SUNDARBANS IN
BANGLADESH AND INDIA (CCDRER)
EXPERIENCES FROM TRANS BOUNDARY PROJECT AIMED AT
REDUCING CLIMATE DISASTER RISKS AND ENHANCING
RESILIENCE OF THE VULNERABLE COASTAL COMMUNITIES
AROUND THE SUNDARBAN IN BANGLADESH AND INDIA
Goals of this Presentation
1. Provide an overview of BCAS
2. Share experience of a trans-boundary CC related project
3. Adaptation activities for DRR and enhancing resilience
for Coastal Communities around Sundarban
Introduction
Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies(BCAS) is a leading
research and policy institute in the non-governmental
sector and working as an independent, non-profit,
non-government institute since 1986.
BCAS addresses sustainable development through four
interactive themes: (a) environment-development
integration, (b) good governance, (c) poverty
alleviation and sustainable livelihoods and (d)
economic growth and public-private partnership.
Features of the trans-boundary project
1.
2.
3.
4.
The project is designed considering Sundarban as
a whole.
This project is being implemented in Bangladesh
and Indian part of Sundarban.
Proper use of science
Idea sharing (GO/LGI/NGO/local
people/stakeholders)
Features of the trans-boundary project
(continued..)
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Proper selection of area and beneficiaries
Integration of local knowledge
Awareness/DRR/Adaptation/Mitigation/Livelihood components
Community based collective action
Networking and dissemination
Procedure recording
PROJECT AREA IN BANGLADESH
District
Upazila
Cluster
Villages
Target
Household
Khulna
Paikgacha
1
15-20
500
Bagerhat
Morelganj
1
15-20
500
Satkhira
Shyamnagar
1
15-20
500
PROJECT AREA IN BANGLADESH
PROJECT AREA IN INDIA
District
PS
Cluster
Villages
Target HHs
South 24 Parganas Patharpratima
1
10
600
South 24 Parganas Basanti
1
12
300
North 24 Parganas Sandeshkhali
1
17
300
North 24 Parganas Hingalganj
1
7
300
Total
1500
Project Area In India
SUMMARY ACTIONS
1. Proper site selection and beneficiary selection
2. Climate change adaptation Forum (Social mobilization and establishing
community links)
3. Vulnerability and risk assessment (PVA)
4. Development of strategy and action plans
5. Strengthening Capacity and Resilience of the vulnerable community
-Workshop
- Training
- Demonstration
- Awareness building
- Alternative livelihood
- Low-cost and renewable energy options
- Promotion of agro-forestry and social forestry
- Wider Partnership and Networking
Monitoring and evaluation
Methodology
-Reconnaissance study
-Census study
-Baseline survey
-PVA
These studies and surveys were designed to collect
information to assess present status of the target
beneficiary in terms of climate related disaster risks,
their adaptation capabilities and dependencies on
Sundarban.
TARGET BENEFICIARY GROUPS
Target groups
Needs and constraints
Small and marginal Saline water intrusion reduced the scope of the
farmers
agricultural activities within the vicinity. They
are not aware about the climate change risks
vulnerabilities. They need to grow crops for their
food security. Saline tolerant crops are required
to demonstrate.
Fishermen
fish The cyclone and tidal surge frequently damage
fry/crab collectors
their resources and reduce the scope of their
livelihood.
Honey/fuel
wood They are exploiting the resource of the
collectors
Sundarban for their livelihood. They need to
rehabilitate to reduce the natural forest.
Landless Community They have poor access to livelihood and
migrating to urban slums for searching of their
livelihood.
Site selection
Based on Sundarban impact
zone
Low impact zone (>10 km)
Medium impact zone (5-10 km)
High impact zone (0-5 km)
Site selection
Based on Salinity Level
Low salinity
Medium salinity
High salinity
ACTION TO REDUCE DISASTER RISKS
1. By assessing present and future climate change impacts on target
beneficiaries with a view to reduce risks by promoting alternative
livelihoods and food security (of poor and marginalized people)
2. By identifying community needs and priority to address the climate
change impacts.
3. By promoting knowledge and awareness of target groups about the
present and future climate change impacts, risks and vulnerability of the
coastal Sundarbans ecosystems
4. By building capacity of the local partners, actors and stakeholders to
integrate climate change issues and adaptation into local and regional
development process.
ACTIONS FOR ENHANCING RESILIENCE
1. By strengthening current coping mechanisms of disaster risk reduction
(DRR) through natural resources management and improvement of the
coastal biodiversity and ecosystem linking climatic and related risks on their
lives and livelihoods;
2. By formulating local and in some cases implementing adaptation action
plans by involving communities.
3. By building partnership and network among the relevant actors and
stakeholders for effective exchange and action against climate injustice in
national, regional and international levels.
4. By sharing learning, good practices, experiences with others
5. By advocacy to influence policy and decision making processes at regional,
national and international levels.
ACTIONS FOR ADAPTATION




Common focuses:
–Awareness building about current and future climate change
risks
–Capacity building and skill development among vulnerable
community, stakeholders and actors
–Mainstreaming climate change adaptation into agriculture,
water, health, local development, livelihood and DRR
–Community linkages with Union Parishads, UDMCs, LGIs,
NGOs and actors
AREA SPECIFIC ACTIONS FOR
ADAPTATION
EXAMPLE: Morrelganj Upazilla
•Salinity tolerant paddy and crops, fish and crab culture
•Salinity and storm resistance trees and plants and coastal
aforestation
•Rain water Harvesting and pond preservation for fresh water
•Maintenance and improvement of coastal embankments and
erosion protection
•Enhancement of disaster preparedness
–Cyclone shelter and Kellafor cattle
–Strengthening house structures
–Health services –salinity, cyclones
and heat stress
–Foods, shelter, employment and planned
-migration for the displaced population
Adaptation
ADAPTATION TECHNOLOGY FOR
AGRICULTURE
Vulnerable Situation
Drought and Salinity
Agricultural Technological Interventions:
Suggested crops/Crop Varieties
Rice: BR-42, 43 (drought tolerant), BR-47, BR-49, BR54, BINA-7,8 (salt tolerant)
Vegetables: HYV Water Gourd, Bitter Gourd, Cowpea,
Cucumber, Red amaranth, Jhinga, Indian spinach.
Potato/Sweet Potato: Cardinal, Diamont, Sweet Potato8,9, & Local varieties
Pulse crops: Mung-1,2,3,4,5,6, BARI Khesari-6, BINA
Mung-3, Local Khesari,
Wheat: Shourab, Gourab, Prodip
Oil seed crops: Sharisa-15
Waterlogging/ Rice: Bri Dhan-44, Bri Dhan-51,52,
Submergence
Tidal surges/Tidal flood
BR-51, BR-52
INNOVATIVE PRACTICES FOR ADAPTATION
IN AGRICULTURE
Vulnerable Areas
Drought and Salinity
WaterSubmergence
Suggested Innovative Practices
Rice: Irrigate with Sweet water,
Pulses & Oil Seeds: Use of Compost
Vegetables: Use of compost/poultry manure.
Potato/Sweet Potato: Use of compost/poultry manure
Pulse crops: Use of Compost/Poultry manure
Wheat: Use of Compost/Poultry manure
Oil seed crops: Use of Compost/Poultry manure
logging/ Sorjan System of Cropping: Cultivate year round
vegetables, fruits and Spices on Raised beds and cultivate
fish in ditches during wet season.
Raised Pit System: Cultivate creeper vegetables on Trellis
around the raised Pits formed by water hyacinth.
Utilizations of Pond edges/Gher areas: Cultivate year
round vegetables, spices & fruits on pond edges or Gher
areas profitably.
INNOVATIVE PRACTICES FOR ADAPTATION
IN AGRICULTURE
Vulnerable Areas
Suggested Innovative Practices
Tidal surges/Tidal flood
Sorjan System of Cropping: Cultivate year round
vegetables, fruits and Spices on Raised beds and cultivate
fish in ditches during wet season.
Raised Pit System: Cultivate creeper vegetables on Trellis
around the raised Pits formed by water hyacinth.
Utilizations of Pond edges/Gher areas: Cultivate year
round vegetables, spices & fruits on pond edges or Gher
areas profitably.
Soil wetness/Clay
areas/Late
harvest
T.Aman
soil Zero Tillage Practices: Cultivate Potato/Pulses/ Oil seeds
of crops including vegetables under zero tillage practice
Dry Seeding Practice: Rice may be cultivated in char lands
and wet soils using sprouted rice seeds.
Adaptive Agriculture
Floating bed agriculture
Home stead garden on raised plinth
Adaptive Agriculture
COLLECTIVE ACTION TO REDUCING CLIMATE DISASTER
RISKS AND ENHANCING RESILIENCE OF THE
VULNERABLE COASTAL COMMUNITIES AROUND THE
SUNDARBAN (CCDRER)
Challenges of Implementing Trans-boundary projects
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Policies / rules / laws
Funding process and fund transfer process
Human Resource mobilization
Reporting
Partnership
Thanks for your
kind attention