YALE/TULANE ESF-8 PLANNING AND RESPONSE PROGRAM SPECIAL REPORT
MAPS
(MISSISSIPPI VALLEY FLOODING)
BACKGROUND
SCENARIOS
WEATHER
TENNESSEE
MISSISSIPPI
LOUISIANNA
FEDERAL RESPONSE
The flood crest along the Mississippi is forecast to move slowly
downstream towards New Orleans during the next three weeks. The
White River, the Arkansas River, Big Black River are just a few major
tributaries that may be impacted by the Mississippi main stem
flooding. Interstate 40 west of Memphis between Hazen and
Brinkley is closed in both directions due to the White River
overflowing its banks. At this time there is no anticipated time for
reopening the road. Details...
PREPARING FOR A FLOOD
PREVENT ILLNESS AFTER A DISASTER
KEY LINKS
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
DHS
FEMA
Facebook full site / Facebook mobile site
Twitter full site / Twitter mobile site
EPA
HHS
CDC
OSHA
USDA
DOD
NORTHCOM
ARNORTH
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - Vicksburg District
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - Team New Orleans
HUD
National Weather Service - Slidell Office
National Weather Service - Jackson Office
STATES
Arkansas Emergency Management Agency
Facebook full site / Facebook mobile site
Twitter full site / Twitter mobile site
Louisiana Governor’s Office of Homeland Security and
Preparedness
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Twitter full site / Twitter mobile site
Missouri Emergency Management Agency
Facebook full site /
Twitter full site / Twitter mobile site
Mississippi Emergency Management Agency
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Twitter full site / Twitter mobile site
Information on volunteering
AS OF 1200 HRS EDT
13 MAY 2011
Tennessee Emergency Management Agency
Facebook full site
Twitter full site / Twitter mobile site
MISSISSIPPI VALLEY FLOODING 2001
(BACKGROUND)
• Significant rainfall across the middle Mississippi and Ohio River valleys over the past
month has led to historic, and in some cases record breaking rises on both rivers.
•
• The swollen Mississippi River carried its dangers of flooding and damage toward the
Delta on Wednesday morning as residents in three prepared for weeks of battling the
river’s growing energy.
"It's extremely likely the spillway will be opened tomorrow and no later
than Sunday," Jindal said at a news conference after he met with Corps
officials.
•
Flooding could reach 20 feet (6 metres) in the Atchafalaya basin.
•
About 2,500 people live inside the floodway, and another 22,500
people and 11,000 buildings would be affected by backwater flooding
when the Morganza is opened. Backwater flooding is water pushed
back into streams and tributaries that cannot flow as normal into what
will be an overwhelmed Atchafalaya River.
•
Some 18,000 acres (7,300 hectares) of cropland could be flooded
The river crested just inches below its record stage of 48.7 feet in Memphis, Tenn., on
Tuesday. But, by Wednesday morning, the river had passed its record in Natchez,
Miss., reaching 58 feet and growing, according to the National Weather Service.
Forecasters predict the river will crest in Natchez on May 21 at about 64 feet.
• As this water moves downriver, significant rises will occur along the Mississippi and
Atchafalaya Rivers through southeast and south central Louisiana.
SPILLWAYS
• All of the latest river forecasts from the lower Mississippi River Forecast Center
account for the Army Corps of Engineers opening some of the Bonnet Carre Spillway
bays on 9 May 2011 bays with more expected to be open later this week.
•
The Morganza Spillway will be opened, if the threshold reaches a flow rate of 1.5
million cubic feet per second. The current flow rate is 1.36 million cubic feet per
second; threshold could be reached as early as May 14
• The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers said on Friday it may open the Morganza Spillway,
which would divert high water to homes, farms, a wildlife refuge and a small oil
refinery in the Atchafalaya River basin, to avoid flooding more densely populated
Baton Rouge, the state capital, and New Orleans.
• It would be the first time the spillway, located about 45 miles (72 km) northwest of
Baton Rouge, has been opened in nearly 40 years.
• Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal on Friday told residents in the affected areas to start
leaving their homes and said the state has plans with the American Red Cross to
provide shelters for evacuees.
Estimated Inundation Map Scenario 1 depicts anticipated impacts from operation of the
Morganza Floodway at 50% of its capacity with full operation of the Bonnet Carre’ Spillway.
The previously released Estimated Inundation Map is the same as the Estimated Inundation
Map Scenario 1.
Estimated Inundation Map Scenario 3 depicts anticipated impacts from nonoperation of the Morganza Floodway with excess flowing through Old River
and the Bonnet Carre’ Spillway operating at 100% capacity.
Estimated Inundation Map Scenario 2 depicts anticipated impacts from nonoperation of the Morganza Floodway with the Bonnet Carre’ Spillway operating at
100% capacity.
WEATHER
TEMPERATURE
(13 May 2011)
PRECIPITATION – 5 DAY FORECAST
FORECAST
PREDOMINANT WEATHER
SOURCE: http://www.weather.gov
MISSISSIPPI RIVER SPRING FLOODING 2011
CURRENT SITUATION
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT RED RIVER
LANDING:
Current Stage: 60.82 feet
(MODERATE flood stage)
Moderate Flood Stage is from 55 to
64 feet
Major Flood Stage is over 64 feet
The river will continue to rise will
continue rising until it crests on 22
May 2011 at about 65.5 feet (MAJOR
flood stage). This will surpass the
current historical crest of 62.3 feet in
1997.
POTENTIAL IMPACT AT 64 TO 68
FEET THE MAIN ACREAGE AND
SOME BUILDINGS WILL BE
FLOODED AT THE ANGOLA
STATE PENITENTIARY AS THE
INNER LEVEE WILL BE TOPPED.
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT
DONALDSONVILLE:
Current Stage: 31.49 feet
(MODERATE flood stage)
Moderate Flood Stage is from 30 to
34 feet
Major Flood Stage is over 34 feet
Minor flood stage will be reached by
Friday 6 May 2011 and the river will
continue to rise until it crests on 22
May 2011 at about 36 feet (MAJOR
flood stage). This will approach the
current historical crest of 36.01 feet
in 1927.
POTENTIAL IMPACT FROM 34 TO
38 FEET: RIVER BARGE TRAFFIC
BECOMES DANGEROUS,
PARTICULARLY WHEN
NAVIGATING SHARP TURNS ON
THIS STRETCH OF THE RIVER.
National Weather Service - Slidell Office
National Weather Service - Jackson Office
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT BATON
ROUGE:
Current Stage: 43.08 feet (MAJOR flood
stage)
Major Flood Stage is over 40 feet
The river will continue to rise until it
crests on 22 May 2011 at about 47.5 feet
(MAJOR flood stage). This will surpass
the current historical crest of 47.28 feet in
1927.
POTENTIAL IMPACT OVER 43 FEET:
SHIPPING AND INDUSTRIAL
ACTIVITIES ARE SIGNIFICANTLY
AFFECTED. UNPROTECTED LOWLYING AREAS WILL BE FLOODED
AND AGRICULTURAL OPERATIONS
WILL BE IMPACTED ON THE WEST
SIDE OF THE RIVER. THE CITY OF
BATON ROUGE IS PROTECTED BY
LEVEES AT THIS LEVEL.
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT RESERVE:
Current Stage: 23.79 feet (MINOR flood stage)
Minor Flood Stage is from 22 to 24 feet
Moderate Flood Stage is from 24 to 26 feet
Major Flood Stage is over 26 feet
Minor flood stage will be reached by 13 May 2011 and the river will
continue to rise until it crests on 23 May 2011 at about 28 feet
(MODERATE flood stage). The current historical crest was set in 1929
at 26 feet.
POTENTIAL IMPACT ABOVE 22 FEET: MARINE AND INDUSTRIAL
INTERESTS ALONG THE RIVER, UPSTREAM BARGE
OPERATORS, AND FACILITIES ARE IMPACTED. NAVIGATION
WILL BECOME DIFFICULT FOR SMALLER RIVER CRAFT.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR RIVER TRAFFIC ARE URGED.
MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT NEW ORLEANS:
Current Stage: 16.99 (below MINOR flood
stage)
Minor Flood Stage is from 17 to 19 feet
The river will continue to rise until it crests
on 23 May 2011 at about 19.5 feet (MINOR
flood stage). The levee is protected to 20
feet. The current historical crest is 21.27
feet reached in 1922.
POTENTIAL IMPACT AT 17 FEET: THE
RIVER WILL RISE ON THE LEVEE
MAKING NAVIGATION AND DOCKING
DIFFICULT. THE CITY IS PROTECTED
TO A PROJECT HEIGHT OF 20 FEET.
BONNET CARRE SPILLWAY MIGHT BE
OPENED WHEN THE PROJECTED
FLOW EXCEEDS 1.25 MILLION CFS TO
LIMIT FLOW PAST NEW ORLEANS AND
TO PREVENT FURTHER RISES AT THE
CARROLLTON GAUGE.
MISSISSIPPI RIVER SPRING FLOODING 2011
CURRENT SITUATION
ATCHAFALAYA RIVER AT SIMMESPORT:
Current Stage: 40.91 (below minor flood
stage)
Minor Flood Stage is from 47 to 50 feet
Moderate Flood Stage is from 50 to 60
feet
The river is expected to reach MINOR
flood stage by 17 May and continue to
rise until it crests on 23 May 2011 near
50 feet (MODERATE flood stage). The
current historical crest is 59.13 feet in
1927.
POTENTIAL IMPACT AT 43 TO 60
FEET: THE RIVER STAGE IS AT THE
NATURAL GROUND ELEVATION OF
AREAS PROTECTED BY THE LEVEE
SYSTEM
ATCHAFALAYA RIVER AT BUTTE
LAROSE:
Current Stage: 19.42 (below minor
flood stage)
Minor Flood Stage is from 25 to 27
feet
Moderate Flood Stage is from 27 to
28 feet
The river is expected to crest at just
over 25 feet (MINOR flood stage) by
24 May. The current historical crest is
27.28 feet in 1973.
POTENTIAL IMPACT AT 25 FEET:
INDUSTRIAL STORAGE AREAS
NEAR THE RIVER WILL FLOOD.
UNSECURED MATERIAL AND
EQUIPMENT ON PROPERTY NEAR
THE RIVER WILL FLOAT OFF OR
BECOME DAMAGED. RIVER
TRAFFIC NEGOTIATING SHARP
TURNS WILL BECOME DIFFICULT
National Weather Service - Slidell Office
National Weather Service - Jackson Office
ATCHAFALAYA RIVER AT BAYOU
SORREL LOCK:
Current Stage: 9.9 feet (below minor flood
stage)
Minor Flood Stage is from 12 to 18 feet
Moderate Flood Stage is from 18 to 30
feet
The river is expected to reach MINOR
flood stage by 18 May and continue to
rise until it crests on 25 May near 14 feet
(MINOR flood stage. The current
historical crest is 18.10 feet in 1973.
POTENTIAL IMPACT AT 12 to 18 FEET:
ON THE FLOOD WAY SIDE (FWS) OF
THE PROTECTION LEVEE...
RECREATIONAL ACTIVITY AND
NAVIGATION ON GRAND RIVER AND
THE ATCHAFALAYA MAIN CHANNEL
MAY BE CURTAILED BECAUSE OF
INCREASED FLOW.
ATCHAFALAYA RIVER AT MORGAN
CITY:
Current Stage: 6.89 feet (MINOR flood
stage)
Minor Flood Stage is from 4 to 7 feet
Moderate Flood Stage is 7 to 12 feet
Major Flood Stage over 12 feet
The river is expected to continue rising
until it crests on 25 May 2011 at about 9.5
feet (MODERATE flood stage). The
current historical crest is 10.53 feet
reached in 1973.
POTENTIAL IMPACT AT 9-12 Feet:
STRUCTURES ON THE RIVER SIDE OF
PROTECTION WALLS IN MORGAN
CITY AND BERWICK WILL BE UNDER
WATER. RIVER TRAFFIC
RESTRICTIONS WILL BE STRICTLY
ENFORCED
SITUATION
(TENNESSEE)
 FATALITIES: 38 confirmed fatalities (tornadoes) (1 flooding)
 INJURED: 94 Injured (tornadoes)
 DESTRUCTION: Multiple counties reported damages to homes, road closures,
SHELTERS: There are 10 shelters open in West Tennessee with 516 occupants
STATE DECLARATION: The Governor has declared a State of Emergency for the
State of Tennessee
 FEDERAL DECLATION: The President approved Major Disaster Declaration
FEMA-1979-DR for Severe Storms, Tornadoes, Straight-line Winds, and Flooding
on April 19, 2011 and continuing. The declaration provides Individual Assistance
for Dyer, Lake, Obion, Shelby, and Stewart Counties. Also, provides Public
Assistance for The counties of Benton, Carroll, Crockett, Dyer, Gibson, Henderson,
Henry, Houston, Lake, Lauderdale, Madison, Montgomery, Obion, Shelby, and
Stewart to include Direct Federal assistance is authorized. All counties in the State
of Tennessee are eligible to apply for assistance under the Hazard Mitigation Grant
Program. The Federal Coordinating Officer is W. Montague Winfield. On May 9,
2011, the President approved Major Disaster Declaration FEMA-1978-DR was
declared for severe storms, flooding, tornadoes, and straight-line winds that
occurred April 4, 2011. The declaration provides Public Assistance for Chester,
Davidson, Decatur, Dickson, Henderson, Humphreys, Lake, Shelby, and Sumner
Counties. All counties in the State of Tennessee are eligible to apply for assistance
under the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program.
LINKS
Tennessee Department of Public Health
Tennessee Emergency Management
Agency
Twitter
Flickr
http://health.state.tn.us/
•
Rain will be in the area through tomorrow morning. There is a risk for severe
weather and flash flooding.
•
Law enforcement officers and firefighters will again return to flooded
neighborhoods in north Memphis, north Shelby County and south Memphis to
check on residents.
•
Power is out in many neighborhoods. Officers are encouraging flood victims
to go to the assistance center at the Raleigh Springs Mall so they can be
assigned to a shelter.
http://www.tnema.org/index.php
http://twitter.com/#!/t_e_m_a
http://www.flickr.com/photos/t_e_m_a
Facebook
http://www.facebook.com/TNDisasterIn
fo
NOAA Weather Radio for Tennessee
http://www.weather.gov/nwr/Maps/PHP
/Tennessee.php
National Weather Service Watches,
Warnings and Advisories
http://www.weather.gov/alertsbeta/tn.php?x=1
SITUATION
(TENNESSEE)
FLOODING IN SHELBY COUNTY (MEMPHIS)
•
Although the Mississippi River has crested, high waters will continue to be a
danger to residents throughout Shelby County for several days. Rivers and
creeks are flowing at swift speeds and are filled with river debris, trash and
other contaminants.
•
Several intersections are still closed due to the high water. Motorists should
expect traffic delays for the next few days and not go around barricades. Not
only can vehicles be carried into rivers and creeks by only a few inches of
water, but submerged roads could be damaged by sink holes and erosion
•
If a pet owner needs sheltering for their pet(s) bring the following items to the
shelter: Shot records or rabies tag, a collar, leash and any medications. If the
owner does not have these items the shelter is able to provide these and will be
vaccinating pets at no charge Pet owners will need to provide the shelter with
contact information and present some form of identification (Drivers license,
state id etc.)
•
Representatives from the ASPCA (American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
to Animals) and the DART (Disaster Animal Recovery Team) are caring for the
animals. The shelter site is also being used as a regional distribution center for
Pet Smart Charities. Food, kennels, other pet supplies are being sent from the site
to other states affected by recent tornadoes, storms and floods
EVACUATION & SHELTERING
•
There are 10 shelters open in West Tennessee with 516 occupants.
•
•
•
Those needing shelter are to first go to the shelter service center at Raleigh
Springs Mall at the corner of Austin Peay at Yale Road. Flood victims will then
be assigned to a shelter:
– Hope Presbyterian Church, 8500 Walnut Grove Road
– Cummings Street Baptist Church, 250 East Raines
– Millington Civic Center, 8077 Wilkinsville Road, Millington, TN
– Mississippi Boulevard Christian Church, 70 north Bellevue
– Faith Baptist Church, 3755 North Germantown Road
The Shelby County Office of Preparedness has a partnership with several
churches in the area. They will join in the shelters effort when needed.
To help displaced residents find housing quickly, the Tennessee Housing
Development Agency is urging all property providers to list available rental
housing on the free, statewide housing locater service
www.TNHousingSearch.org as soon as possible. The process of listing takes
about 10 minutes and is completely free.
CARE OF PETS AND ANIMALS
142 dogs, 33 cats, 2 birds, 2 domestic ducks, 1 guinea pig are being housed at an
emergency animal shelter at 1716 Shelby Oaks Drive, North, Suite #1. 75 horses
are being sheltered at the Shelby Farms Showplace Arena
Pets are not allowed in shelters
NUTRITION ASSISTANCE
• The Tennessee Department of Human Services, with USDA approval, began
issuing SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, formerly food stamps)
benefits to eligible residents of four tornado-ravaged counties that have been
federally declared disaster areas following the late April storms.
•
The benefits are for eligible residents of Bradley, Greene, Hamilton and
Washington counties. Applications for SNAP disaster benefits can be submitted
Saturday, May 14, and on Monday, May 16.
For more information, including a list of key questions and answers about the
assistance program, please visit the DHS website at www.tn.gov/humanserv.
ELECTRIC SHUT-OFF POLICY DURING FLOODING EVENTS: For safety, MLGW will turn
off electricity to flooded properties Should water enter your property, call MLGW at
(901) 544-MLGW (6549) or (901) 820-7878 (Quick access codes 1-1-1 (English) or 31-1 (Spanish) In areas with underground electric lines, MLGW will turn off
transformers should they flood. This will result in an electrical outage for homes
connected to that transformer
TEMA Status Update: 12 May 2011
MLGW – Water Remains Safe: 05 May 2011
SCOP Status Update: 10 May 2011
TEMA Status Update: 10 May 2011
TN Gov - Damaged Buildings: 05 May 2011
TN Gov - Mosquito Risk: 05 May 2011
SITUATION
(TENNESSEE - HEALTH CONCERNS)
HEALTH CONCERNS
•
The Tennessee Department of Health is urging Tennesseans to take
extra precautions when returning to flood- or storm-damaged homes or
businesses. Conditions left by severe weather damage can pose a risk of
injury or illness. Safety tips for returning to a damaged building available
here: http://news.tn.gov/node/7125
•
Recent flooding positions the state to see a significant increase in
mosquito activity. Standing water provides the perfect breeding ground
for mosquitoes, and flooded areas in Tennessee could easily cause
populations of these disease-carrying pests to flourish. The Tennessee
Department of Health is reminding the residents working to clean up
homes, businesses and other facilities in Tennessee to take steps to help
prevent illnesses associated with mosquitoes. Mosquitoes most likely to
transmit WNV bite at dawn and dusk. The best way to prevent WNV
infection is to avoid mosquito bites. Tips for disease prevention available
here: http://news.tn.gov/node/7126.
•
There have been several reports of wildlife fleeing floodwaters and
entering business and residential areas, including snakes and deer. As
rivers and creeks rise, wildlife search for food and shelter inside houses,
storage sheds and buildings. Residents are encouraged to be aware of
the possibility of contact with wildlife.
•
Memphis Light, Gas & Water reports that the water supply is safe for
drinking and has not been contaminated.
•
The Tennessee Department of Health has released a number of reports
with tips on re-entering flooded homes, food & water safety, and
protecting yourself from mold. These resources are available at the TN
Department of Health Site:
http://health.state.tn.us/FloodandSafety/floodandsafety.htm
DANGERS OF FLOOD WATERS
•
Be aware of snakes. As rivers and creeks rise, snakes will be looking for
food and shelter inside houses, storage sheds and buildings.
•
Officials with the Shelby County Health Department say people should not
come into contact with flood waters. Sewage and other contaminates can
make people seriously ill especially if cuts and open wounds become
infected.
See additional information regarding health concerns
of river water at the flood information website:
www.staysafeshelby.us and
http://health.state.tn.us/FloodandSafety/floodandsafety.htm
TEMA Status Update: 12 May 2011
MLGW – Water Remains Safe: 05 May 2011
SCOP Status Update: 10 May 2011
TEMA Status Update: 10 May 2011
TN Gov - Damaged Buildings: 05 May 2011
TN Gov - Mosquito Risk: 05 May 2011
SITUATION
(MISSISSIPPI)







FATALITIES: 35 confirmed fatalities (tornadoes)
INJURED: 176 injuries (tornadoes)
DESTRUCTION: 350 homes damaged, 540 destroyed homes,
170 mobile homes destroyed, 63 mobile homes damaged, and
62 businesses destroyed and 12 damaged
UTILITIES:
SHELTERS: 1 shelters open with 21 occupants.(ARC)
STATE DECLARATION: The Governor has declared a State of
Emergency for the State of Mississippi.
FEDERAL DECLATION: Alcorn, Attala, Clay, Coahoma, DeSoto,
Grenada, Holmes, Leflore, Marshall, Montgomery, Newton,
Panola, Quitman, Smith, Sunflower, Tishomingo, Tunica,
Winston , Chickasaw, Choctaw, Clarke, Greene, Hinds, Jasper,
Kemper, Lafayette, Monroe, Neshoba and Webster
MS - LINKS
The rain-swollen Mississippi River inundated evacuated neighborhoods in the
Mississippi Delta on Wednesday and washed away precious crops, as
residents farther downstream prepared for the looming floodwaters.
After cresting at 47.8 feet Tuesday in Memphis, Tenn., the river's high waters
moved south, reaching 58 feet and growing in Natchez, Miss., the National
Weather Service said. The river is expected to crest there at 64 feet on May
21.
Across Mississippi, about 1,000 structures have been hit by floodwaters, and
officials expect to evacuate between 2,000 and 5,000 people in coming days.
In Vicksburg, Miss., 65 homes were underwater, displacing about 250 people.
.
Mississippi National Guard Liaison Teams are deployed to 5 counties to
provide assistance with preventing any potential backwater levee breaches.
Vicksburg Southern Railroad has suspended operations and various local
roadways are closed. As of May 12, the ARC reports 4 shelters open with 25
occupants
Eight counties remain under a Local Emergency.
Mississippi Department of Public http://www.healthyms.com/msdhsite/index.cfm/44,0,12
2,292,html
Health
Mississippi Emergency
Management Agency
http://www.msema.org/
Twitter
http://twitter.com/msema
RSS Feeds:
http://www.msema.org/wordpress/?feed=rss2
Facebook
http://www.facebook.com/home.php#/pages/PearlMS/Mississippi-Emergency-ManagementAgency/81599105731?ref=sgm
NOAA Weather Radio for
Mississippi
http://www.nws.noaa.gov/nwr/Maps/PHP/Mississippi.p
hp
National Weather Service
Watches, Warnings and
Advisories
http://www.weather.gov/alerts-beta/ms.php?x=1
VICKSBURG, MS - MAY 10: A
home is surrounded by
floodwater May 10, 2011 in
Vicksburg, MS. (Scott Olson GETTY IMAGES)
SOURCES
As Mississippi River flooding moves south, more evacuations imminent
Mississippi Storm Damage Update
Jackson Weather Examiner - Over 30 tornadoes tore across MS
SITUATION
(MISSISSIPPI – HEALTH )
• The Mississippi State Department of Health is working with the
Mississippi Emergency Management Agency and the federal
government to monitor the Mississippi River flooding and the impact
it will have on the citizens of Mississippi.
WOMEN, INFANTS AND CHILDREN NUTRITIONAL PROGRAM
(WIC)
WIC services are available at alternate locations to residents affected
by the flood who are currently on or are eligible for the program.
For information on where you can receive WIC services, contact the
county health department in the area where you are currently relocated.
• MSDH Emergency Response Coordinators are working with county
emergency management agencies and local governments on
evacuation plans for areas projected to be flooded.
Visit www.HealthyMS.com for a list of county health departments and
their contact information.
PUBLIC HEALTH
• MSDH is assisting nursing homes, personal care homes, and
hospitals with evacuation and other needs.
• MSDH environmentalists are working with restaurants in the
affected areas to make sure they are aware of the protocol for reopening.
TETANUS
• People in flooded areas may be at risk for tetanus, a bacterium that
can enter the body through a wound. A tetanus vaccination, along
with proper first aid, can prevent infection.
• Clean any puncture wound contaminated by dirt or flood water.
• The Mississippi Public Health Laboratory is testing water samples in
the impacted areas.
• Consult a healthcare provider to determine whether a tetanus
booster is needed.
• MSDH County Environmentalists are inspecting open shelters and
providing technical assistance.
• People who received standard childhood immunizations, and have
had a tetanus booster in the last ten years, do not need the
vaccination.
• An MSDH Advanced Planning Unit is developing patient evacuation
and medical shelter plans, and determining the need for federal
resources.
• For more information on preparing for the flood, visit
www.HealthyMS.com
• MSDH has formed a Healthcare Flood Impact Task Force made up
of 35 Mississippi state agencies and healthcare associations,
including representation for MSDH licensed facilities and hospitals,
to assess potential flood impact and to review and coordinate plans
to lessen the impact on the Mississippi healthcare system.
• MSDH also advises residents affected by the flood to be aware of
the following important information:
MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL HEALTH
Natural disasters like tornadoes can cause serious stress and
depression. Victims of the tornadoes are encouraged to talk about their
feelings, even though it may be difficult and to rely on support groups
like family, friends, local churches, and local community mental health
centers. For more information about behavioral health resources in
your area, contact the Mississippi Department of Mental Health
Helpline at 1-877-210-8513.
SITUATION
(MISSISSIPPI)
ANIMALS
Employees from the Mississippi Board of Animal Health, Mississippi
State University Extension Service, MSU College of Veterinary
Medicine, Farm Bureau, Cattlemen’s Association, the MS Veterinary
Medical Association, Humane Society of the United States and the
National Animal of Recue and Shelter Coalition are working together to
address issues related to pets and livestock affected by the recent
tornado outbreak and ongoing flooding of the Mississippi River.
In response to the tornado and severe weather outbreak from April 1528, MBAH is working with the American Society for the Prevention of
Cruelty to Animals to move some animals for adoption from the Amory
Humane Society. The Monroe County extension director is also
coordinating volunteers and resources to rebuild fences for livestock.
In response to flooding, the above agencies have provided the
following updates:
 The Natchez Humane Society, HSUS, and United Animal Nations
will open a 300-animal sheltering facility in Natchez for pets of
evacuees. They will start accepting animals on Wednesday.
 The Vicksburg-Warren Humane Society is accepting animals. They
are currently housing chickens, goats, dogs and cats. They are also
involved in local animal search and rescue.
 PAWS is assisting the Vicksburg City Shelter. They have moved all
of the cats and almost all of the dogs. This shelter normally has 4050 animals and is expected to flood. The shelter will be closed this
afternoon until further notice.
 Tunica County pet shelter is not accepting any additional animals at
this time.
TORNADO AND FLOODING UPDATES FOR PET AND ANIMAL OWNERS
•
Mississippi Board of Animal Health: Storm related: Extensive
damage was done to poultry houses and other farm structures on the
east side of the state. The MBAH is consulting with poultry companies
regarding euthanasia and disposal permits. The MBAH is working with
the animal shelter in Monroe County to assess needs and facilitate
requests for resources.
•
River flooding: The MBAH and the MVMA have contacted animal
shelters and veterinary clinics along the Mississippi River from Tunica to
Natchez. These shelters are undertaking preparations to move out
adoptable animals to make room for animals that may be affected by the
flooding. Owner/pet/animal evacuation and sheltering information will be
available on the MBAH website at www.mbah.state.ms.us
•
The MBAH hotline number is 1-888-722-3106. Donations may be made
to the MS Animal Disaster Relief Fund to help animals and their people
affected by these disasters. Information on making a donation or
applying for assistance can be found on the following websites: College
of Veterinary Medicine, www.cvm.msstate.edu and Mississippi
Veterinary Medical Association, www.msvet.org.
ENVIRONMENT
•
Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality: As a result of
flooding forecasts and rising water levels for the Mississippi River, the
Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality advises Mississippians
to think about possible environmental issues that can result if flooding
reaches their homes, farms, and businesses.
•
The release of oil, gasoline, or chemicals into flood waters can be an
environmental hazard.
•
MDEQ requests that if residents observe any releases of oil, gasoline or
chemicals or any stray barrels, waste containers, cylinders and pressure
vessels that they promptly report the discovery to the state's 24-hour
spill line: 800-222-6362 or 601-961-5171.
SITUATION
(LOUISIANA)






FATALITIES:
INJURED:
DESTRUCTION:
UTILITIES:
SHELTERS:
STATE DECLARATION: On April 28, 2011, Governor Bobby
Jindal issued flood warnings and declared a state of emergency
for Louisiana.
 FEDERAL DECLARATIONS The U.S. Department of Homeland
Security’s Federal Emergency Management Agency has made
funding available to the state of Louisiana for necessary
emergency protective measures for potential flooding under
President Obama’s emergency disaster declaration
LINKS
Louisiana Health and Hospitals
Department of Public Health
Louisiana Governor's Office
Homeland Security and
Emergency Preparedness
Twitter
Flickr
Facebook
NOAA Weather Radio for LA
http://www.healthy.arkansas.gov/
http://gohsep.la.gov/
http://twitter.com/#!/GOHSEP
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lagohsep/
http://www.facebook.com/gohsep
http://www.nws.noaa.gov/nwr/Maps/PHP/Louisi
ana.php
National Weather Service Watches,
http://www.weather.gov/alerts-beta/la.php?x=1
Warnings and Advisories
The Bonnet Carre Spillway, whose job it is to protect New
Orleans, was opened on May 9 and the spillway was operational
as of May 10, 2011.
Heavy flooding could disrupt refinery operations along the Mississippi River to the
Gulf of Mexico. There are 10 refineries located along the Mississippi River that can
process 2.4 million barrels of oil per day, which equates to 13.7 percent of the
nations refining capacity.
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has opened 160 of the 350 bays on the Bonnet
Carre Spillway and it is expected to reach full discharge in the next several days.
The Morganza Spillway may be opened if the flow reaches a rate of 1.5 million cubic
feet per second. The current flow rate is 1.36 million cubic feet per second.No
decision has been made to operate the Morganza Floodway.
The Coast Guard is conducting river over flights and standing by to assist with
evacuations if the Morganza Spillway is opened.
The Louisiana National Guard has approximately 500 soldiers deployed to 19 affected
parishes. They are prepared to support the parishes by conducting door-to-door
notifications to evacuate and with levee inspections. High-water vehicles have been
staged in the affected parishes and they have started constructing 13,000 feet of
HESCO barrier to fortify and elevate levees along Lake Palourde to prevent backwater
flooding in Morgan City and Amelia.
The Department of Health and Hospitals has contacted 17 hospitals and 11 nursing
homes to discuss and plan for possible evacuations. Also, they are in the process of
contacting every in-home nursing service recipient in the 21 affected parishes to
ensure they are prepared for evacuation. The American Red Cross of southeastern
Louisiana remains prepared and ready to assists with any shortfalls.
SITUATION
SITUATION
(LOUISIANA)
As Mississippi wages a battle against rising river waters along its border with Arkansas,
Louisiana is preparing for fights on two major waterways. A bulge of water rolling
south down the Mississippi River drove the crest in Memphis to 47.87 feet, just under
the record 48.7 feet set in 1937, and threatens to set more high-water marks before
the flow splits in Louisiana, with 70 percent remaining in its channel and 30 percent
running down the Atchafalaya River. As the Mississippi River Commission comes closer
to a decision on opening the Morganza spillway and boosting the Mississippi’s flow into
the Atchafalaya basin, cities and towns on both waterways are preparing for flooding.
COMMAND AND CONTROL
The LA EOC is activated at Level III (Modified Activation).
Unified Command Group meetings have been conducted and will continue to be
conducted as needed until further notice. Additionally, GOHSEP has conducted
and will continue to conduct parish conference calls with the affected parishes as
needed.
Governor Bobby Jindal, Declaration for State of Emergency on, 28 April, 2011
(PROCLAMATION NO. 41 BJ 2011)
http://www.gov.state.la.us/index.cfm?md=newsroom&tmp=home&catID=8
The GOHSEP Crisis Action Team (CAT) was activated at 0730, on 27 April 2011 and
remained at that level through 3 May 2011. The State EOC is activated and
manned at Level 3 Modified and will remain manned from 0700 to 1900 hours
daily until further notice. Specific agencies/ESFs that are being activated will be
notified individually. The GOHSEP JIC was activated on 9 May 2011.
FEMA Emergency Declaration FEMA-3322-EM was issued 6 May 2011 providing for
direct federal assistance only, if needed.
The FEMA Region VI Incident Management Action Team (IMAT) reported in on 9
May 2011.
To date, 32 Parishes have declared a Parish State of Emergency: Ascension,
Assumption, Avoyelles, Caldwell, Catahoula, Concordia, East Baton Rouge, East Carroll,
East Feliciana, Evangeline, Franklin, Iberia, Iberville, Lafourche, LaSalle, Lincoln,
Madison, Morehouse, Pointe Coupee, Richland, St. Charles, St. James, St. John the
Baptist, St. Landry, St. Martin, St. Mary, Tensas, Terrebonne, Union, West Baton Rouge,
West Carroll and West Feliciana.
WebEOC incident “013-11 Mississippi River Spring Flooding 2011” was created to
support this incident.
ESF-8
Current planning and discussions at the state level have been around flooding
scenarios due to river cresting.
DECLARATIONS
An Everbridge messaging system emergency ESF-8 message is going out today to all
hospitals in Louisiana with the following message: With the increasing Mississippi River
levels and the anticipated opening of the Morganza Spillway, please be advised that
the Department of Health and Hospitals is instituting mandated, daily EMSTAT
reporting per statute for all hospitals in Louisiana, effective tomorrow, Saturday, May
14, 2011 by 10 a.m. and each day going forward until further notice. Hospitals need to
update contact information, census and bed availability, and generator status. A link to
EMSTAT is available on the LHA website. The purpose of obtaining a pulse on census
and bed availability is : 1) to monitor the activities of those facilities in the at-risk areas
and 2) to assist any evacuating hospitals that on a short-to-minimal-notice timeframe.
All affected State agencies and parishes are taking precautions deemed necessary
to prepare for the impending flood.
PLANNING UPDATE
At this time, there is no intention of opening Medical Special Needs Shelters
(MSNS) as a primary strategy. The current strategy is to open local shelters and
evaluate/assess the needs of the personnel at the shelter sites to determine how
best to meet the needs in a general shelter setting.
Louisiana want to encourage those with medical needs to evacuate with their
families. If there are people with no other resources (no family, etc) then the state
will try to address those needs in that general shelter.
FEDERAL RESPONSE
•
•
Through our regional offices in Atlanta, Ga., Chicago, Ill., Denton,
Texas, and Kansas City, Mo., we remain in close contact and
coordination with our state and local partners in all of the areas
affected by, or potentially impacted by, flooding. And as the crest
moves down the Mississippi River, we will continue to coordinate
closely with officials from the states of Tennessee, Mississippi,
Arkansas, and Louisiana.
At the request of the states, we currently have staff on the ground in
Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri and
Tennessee working with state emergency management partners, to
coordinate federal support. Last week, President Obama declared
emergency declarations for Mississippi, Tennessee and Louisiana,
and a major disaster declaration for Kentucky, allowing the federal
government to support emergency measures to save lives and to
protect property and public health and safety.
In addition to personnel on the ground, we're also sending supplies
to a pre-determined staging area in western Kentucky to ensure the
needed supplies are located close to the affected areas. Here’s a
quick look at the supplies at the staging area so far:





More than 720,000 meals,
More than 460,000 thousand liters of water,
More than 39,000 blankets,
More than 20,000 tarps and
More than 14,000 cots.
MAJOR DISASTER DECLATAIONS
NUMBER
1983
DATE
STATE
05/11
Mississippi
INCIDENT DESCRIPTION
Flooding
1980
05/09
Missouri
Severe Storms, Tornadoes, And
Flooding
1979
05/09
Tennessee
Severe Storms, Tornadoes,
Straight-line Winds, and Flooding
1978
05/09
Tennessee
Severe Storms, Flooding,
Tornadoes, And Straight-Line
Winds
1976
05/04
Kentucky
Severe Storms, Tornadoes, And
Flooding
1975
05/02
Arkansas
Severe Storms, Tornadoes, And
Associated Flooding
1974
05/01
Tennessee
Severe Storms, Tornadoes,
Straight-line Winds, And Associated
Flooding
1973
04/29
Georgia
Severe Storms, Tornadoes,
Straight-line Winds, and Associated
Flooding
1972
04/29
Mississippi
Severe Storms, Tornadoes,
Straight-line Winds, and Associated
Flooding
1971
04/28
Alabama
Severe Storms, Tornadoes,
Straight-line Winds, and Flooding
EMERGENCY DECLARATION
SOURCE: WWW.FEMA.GOV
3322
05/06
Louisiana
Flooding
3321
05/04
Tennessee
Flooding
3320
05/04
Mississippi
Flooding
PREPARING FOR A FLOOD
YOU SHOULD STOCK YOUR HOME WITH SUPPLIES THAT MAY BE
BASIC STEPS
NEEDED DURING THE EMERGENCY PERIOD. AT A MINIMUM, THESE
SUPPLIES SHOULD INCLUDE:

Contact the local county geologist or county planning department to find out if your home is
located in a flash-flood-prone area or landslide-prone area.
 Several clean containers for water, large enough for a 3-5 day supply of water (about five gallons for
each person).

Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and
locations of emergency shelters.
 A 3-5 day supply of non-perishable food and a non-electric can opener.

Plan and practice a flood evacuation route with your family. Ask an out-of-state relative or
friend to be the "family contact" in case your family is separated during a flood. Make sure
everyone in your family knows the name, address, and phone number of this contact
person.

Post emergency phone numbers at every phone.

Inform local authorities about any special needs, i.E., Elderly or bedridden people, or anyone
with a disability.

Identify potential home hazards and know how to secure or protect them before the flood
strikes. Be prepared to turn off electrical power when there is standing water, fallen power
lines, or before you evacuation. Turn off gas and water supplies before you evacuate. Secure
structurally unstable building materials.

Buy a fire extinguisher and make sure your family knows where it is and how to use it.

Buy and install sump pumps with back-up power.

Have a licensed electrician raise electric components (switches, sockets, circuit breakers and
wiring) at least 12" above your home's projected flood elevation.

For drains, toilets, and other sewer connections, install backflow valves or plugs to prevent
floodwaters from entering.

Anchor fuel tanks which can contaminate your basement if torn free. An unanchored tank
outside can be swept downstream and damage other houses.
IF YOU ARE UNDER A FLOOD WATCH OR WARNING
 Gather the emergency supplies you previously stocked in your home and stay tuned to local radio
or television station for updates.
 Turn off all utilities at the main power switch and close the main gas valve if evacuation appears
necessary.
 Have your immunization records handy or be aware of your last tetanus shot, in case you should
receive a puncture wound or a wound becomes contaminated during or after the flood.
 Fill bathtubs, sinks and plastic soda bottles with clean water. Sanitize the sinks and tubs first by
using bleach. Rinse and fill with clean water.
 Bring outdoor possessions, such as lawn furniture, grills and trash cans inside or tie them down
securely.
 A first aid kit and manual and prescription medicines and special medical needs.
 A battery-powered radio, flashlights, and extra batteries.
 Water-purifying supplies, such as chlorine or iodine tablets or unscented, ordinary household chlorine
bleach.
 Baby food and/or prepared formula, diapers, and other baby supplies.
 Sleeping bags or extra blankets.
 Disposable cleaning cloths, such as "baby wipes" for the whole family to use in case bathing facilities
are not available.
 Personal hygiene supplies, such as soap, toothpaste, sanitary napkins, etc.
 An emergency kit for your car with food, flares, booster cables, maps, tools, a first aid kit, fire
extinguisher, sleeping bags, etc.
 Rubber boots, sturdy shoes, and waterproof gloves.
 Insect repellent containing DEET or Picaridin, screens, or long-sleeved and long-legged clothing for
protection from mosquitoes which may gather in pooled water remaining after the flood. (More
information about these and other recommended repellents can be found in the fact sheet Updated
Information Regarding Insect Repellents.)
PREPARING FOR A FLOOD
PREPARING TO EVACUATE
IF YOU ARE ORDERED TO EVACUATE

Expect the need to evacuate and prepare for it. When a flood watch is issued, you should:

Fill your vehicle’s gas tank and make sure the emergency kit for your car is ready.
 You should never ignore an evacuation order. Authorities will direct you to leave if you are in a
low-lying area, or within the greatest potential path of the rising waters. If a flood warning is
issued for your area or you are directed by authorities to evacuate the area:

If no vehicle is available, make arrangements with friends or family for transportation.
 Take only essential items with you.

Identify essential documents such as medical records, insurance card along with id cards and
put in water prove material to carry with you during evacuation.
 If you have time, turn off the gas, electricity, and water.
 Disconnect appliances to prevent electrical shock when power is restored.

Fill your clean water containers.
 Follow the designated evacuation routes and expect heavy traffic.

If you have pet, identify a shelter designated for pets.
 Do not attempt to drive or walk across creeks or flooded roads.

Review your emergency plans and supplies, checking to see if any items are missing.

Tune in the radio or television for weather updates.

Listen for disaster sirens and warning signals.

Put livestock and family pets in a safe area. Due to food and sanitation requirements,
emergency shelters cannot accept animals.
 If you are ordered not to evacuate
 To get through the storm in the safest possible manner:

Adjust the thermostat on refrigerators and freezers to the coolest possible temperature.
IF YOU ARE ORDERED NOT TO EVACUATE

To get through the storm in the safest possible manner:

Monitor the radio or television for weather updates.

Prepare to evacuate to a shelter or to a neighbor's home if your home is damaged, or if you are
instructed to do so by emergency personnel.
 Monitor the radio or television for weather updates.
 Prepare to evacuate to a shelter or to a neighbor's home if your home is damaged, or if you are
instructed to do so by emergency personnel.
 Flood recovery, including preventing illness and injury, returning home safely, and clean up.
PREVENT ILLNESS AFTER A DISASTER
PROTECT YOURSELF FROM ANIMAL - AND INSECT-RELATED
HAZARDS

Avoid wild or stray animals and biting or stinging insects.
KEEP FOOD AND WATER SAFE
 Food may not be safe to eat during and after an emergency. Water may not be safe for cooking.

Call local authorities to handle animals.

Get rid of dead animals, according to local guidelines, as soon as you can.

For more information, contact your local animal shelter or services, a veterinarian, or the
humane society for advice on dealing with pets or stray or wild animals after an emergency.

For information on specific animal and insect issues, see protect yourself from animal- and
insect-related hazards after a natural disaster.
 Water may not be safe to drink, clean with, or bathe in after an emergency, such as a hurricane or
flood. During and after a disaster, water can become contaminated with microorganisms (for
example, bacteria), sewage, agricultural or industrial waste, chemicals, and other substances that
can cause illness or death.
 Listen to and follow public announcements. Local authorities will tell you if water is safe to drink or
to use for cooking or bathing. Follow local instructions to use bottled water or to boil or disinfect
water for cooking, cleaning, or bathing.
 For more information, see keep food and water safe after a natural disaster or power outage.
PREVENT CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING
PROTECT MENTAL HEALTH
 Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, colorless gas that can cause sudden illness and death if you
breathe it. Never use generators, pressure washers, grills, camp stoves, or other gasoline, propane,
natural gas, or charcoal-burning devices inside your home, basement, garage, or camper—or even
outside near an open window, door, or vent.
 Seek medical care if you are injured, feel sick, or have acute stress and anxiety.
 Don't heat your house with a gas oven.
 If you are too hot or too cold, or you need to prepare food, don't put yourself and your family at risk
for co poisoning—look to friends, family, or a community shelter for help.
 Seek prompt medical attention if you suspect co poisoning and are feeling dizzy, light-headed, or
nauseated.
 For further guidance on
avoiding UP
co poisoning,
see protect
yourself
from carbon monoxide
CLEAN
SAFELY
AFTER
FLOODS

 Keep as many elements of your normal routine incorporated into the disaster plans as possible,
including activities to calm children's fears.
 Be aware that you may have fewer resources to attend to your day-to-day conflicts, so it is best to
resolve what you can ahead of time.
 If your co detector sounds, leave your home immediately and call 911.

 The days and weeks after an emergency are going to be rough. Some sleeplessness, anxiety, anger,
hyperactivity, mild depression, or lethargy are normal and may go away with time. If you feel any of
these symptoms acutely, seek counseling. Your state, local, tribal health departments will help you
find local resources, including hospitals or health care providers that you may need.
To prevent illness, disinfect and dry buildings and items in them. This will prevent growth of some bacteria, viruses,
mold, and mildew that can cause illness.
 Turn to family, friends, and important social or religious contacts to setup support networks to deal
with the potential stressors.
 Let your child know that it is okay to feel upset when something bad or scary happens. Encourage
your child to express feelings and thoughts, without making judgments.
 For additional resources, see disaster mental health resources.
For more information, see flood water after a disaster or emergency.
WASH YOUR HANDS
 Always wash your hands with soap and boiled or disinfected water before preparing or eating food, after toilet use, after participating in cleanup activities, and
after handling articles contaminated by floodwater or sewage. Use warm water when available. Wash children's hands frequently (always before meals).
 Disinfect water for washing by mixing 1/8 teaspoon of household bleach per 1 gallon of water). Let it stand for 30 minutes. If the water is cloudy, use a solution of
1/4 teaspoon of household bleach per 1 gallon of water.
 If water isn't available, use alcohol-based products made for washing hands.
 For more tips on washing your hands, see hand hygiene after a disaster.
PREVENT ILLNESS AFTER A DISASTER
PREVENT OR TREAT WOUNDS
AVOID MOSQUITOES
 Rain and flooding in a hurricane area may lead to an increase in mosquitoes, which can carry
diseases like west nile virus. In most cases, the mosquitoes will be pests but will not carry
communicable diseases.
 To protect yourself from mosquitoes, use screens on dwellings, and wear long pants, socks, and
long-sleeved shirts and use insect repellents that contain deet or picaridin. Care must be taken
when using DEET on small children. More information about these and other recommended
repellents can be found in the fact sheet updated information regarding insect repellents.
 To control mosquito populations, drain all standing water left in open containers, such as flower
pots, tires, pet dishes, or buckets, outside your home.
PREVENT ILLNESS FROM SEWAGE
 If there is flooding along with a hurricane, the waters may contain fecal material from overflowing
sewage systems and agricultural and industrial waste. Although skin contact with floodwater does
not, by itself, pose a serious health risk, there is risk of disease from eating or drinking anything
contaminated with floodwater.
 If there has been a backflow of sewage into your house, wear rubber boots and waterproof gloves
during cleanup. Remove and discard contaminated household materials that cannot be disinfected,
such as wall coverings, cloth, rugs, and drywall.
 Immediately clean out all open wounds and cuts with soap and clean water. Keep wounds covered
with clean, dry bandages that are large enough to cover the wound and contain any pus or
drainage.
 Change bandages as needed and when drainage can be seen through the bandage. Contact a
doctor to find out whether more treatment is needed (such as a tetanus shot).
 If a wound gets red, swells, or drains, seek immediate medical attention.
AVOID WILD OR STRAY ANIMALS

If you are bitten by any animal, seek immediate medical attention. If you are bitten by a snake, try
to identify it, so that if it is poisonous, you can be given the correct anti-venom.

Do not cut the wound or attempt to suck the venom out. (See also the CDC rabies website, rat-bite
fever: frequently asked questions, and medical problems and treatment considerations for the red
imported fire ant [PDF, 658 KB/8 pages].)
CONTACT WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIAL
 If your skin or eyes may have come in contact with hazardous materials, such as acid from a car
battery, wash thoroughly with decontaminated water and seek medical attention as needed.
TETANUS IMMUNIZATION
 If you have any open cuts or sores that will be exposed to floodwater, keep them as clean as
possible by washing them with soap and applying an antibiotic ointment to discourage infection.
 If you have wounds, you should be evaluated for a tetanus immunization, just as you would at any
other time of injury.
 Wash clothes contaminated with flood or sewage water in hot water and detergent and separately
from uncontaminated clothes and linens.
 If you receive a puncture wound or a wound contaminated with feces, soil, or saliva, have a doctor
or health department determine whether a tetanus booster is necessary based on individual
records.
 Do not allow children to play in floodwater areas and do not allow children to play with floodwatercontaminated toys that have not been disinfected. Disinfect toys by using a solution of one cup of
bleach in five gallons of water. Some toys, such as stuffed animals and baby toys, cannot be
disinfected; they should be discarded.
PREVENT TEMPERATURE-RELATED ILLNESS
When standing or working in water that is
cooler than 75 f (24°c):
 Wear rubber boots.
 Ensure that clothing and boots have
adequate insulation.
 Take frequent breaks out of the water.
 Change into dry clothing when possible.
Prevent heat–related illness:
 Stay in air-conditioned buildings.
 Take breaks in shaded areas or in cool rooms.
 Drink water and nonalcoholic fluids often.
 Wear lightweight, light-colored, loose-fitting clothing.
 Do outdoor activities during cooler hours.
For further guidance, visit the cdc extreme heat website.
For further guidance e, see emergency wound care after a natural disaster.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE
 Short bouts of diarrhea and upset stomach and colds or other breathing diseases sometimes occur in
developed countries, such as the united states, after a natural disaster, particularly among large
groups of people in a shelter. Basic hygiene measures like frequent hand washing or use of an alcohol
hand gel, especially after using the restroom or changing diapers and before eating, can help prevent
these diseases.
 Diseases like cholera or typhoid are rare in developed countries and do not typically occur after a
natural disaster.
 For information on infectious disease, see infectious disease after a disaster.
IMMUNIZATIONS
For information on immunizations for evacuees, relief workers, emergency responders and travelers, see
immunization after a natural disaster.