Moniezia spp.
莫尼茨绦虫
主讲：谭韵贤
PPT制作：林冰媛
查找资料：王荷风，王思，刘晨
Introduction：
Monieziosis is a cestodiasis caused by Moniezia sp.
including Moniezia expansa (扩张莫尼次绦虫) and
M.benedni(贝氏莫尼茨绦虫).
They are found in the small intestine of ruminants(反刍兽),
like cattle,sheep,and camel（骆驼）,
especially in lamb and calf.
M.expansa :The more common in
sheep and goat than in cattle
M.benedni: The more common in
cattle than in sheep and goat
Morphology（病原形态）

Moniezia spp. have unarmed scolices(头节) with
four large suckers（吸盘）and very wide segments
with bilateral genitalia（两组生殖器官）.
scolices
M. expansa
M. benedeni
Difference of M. expansa and M. benedeni
Interproglottidal glands（节间腺） at the posterior
margin（后缘）of each segment extend the full
width of M. expansa but occupy only the midzone of
the M. benedeni segment.

1
2
Characteristic of eggs
The egg of Moniezia spp.
found in cattle feces is
one of the few eggs that
appears square, and
internally the pear-shaped
(pyriform apparatus)
characterristic of
anoplocephalid（裸头绦虫）
eggs can be seen.
Pyriform
apparatus
(梨形器)
Life cycle of Moniezia spp
Definitive host:
ruminants.
Site of infection:
small intestine
Intermediate host:
Forage mites (地螨)
Infective stage:
cysticercoid (似囊尾蚴)
Prepatent preiod :
month 3
Moniezia is living in small intestine of
ruminant. The definitive host leaves the gravid
proglottids and eggs in the feces .
The oncosphere migrate into the body cavity
of the mite where they develop into
cysticercoids for at least 40 d and infection
of the definitive host is by ingestion of
infected mites during grazing.
The prepatent preiod is approximately 45~60
d, but the adult worms appear to be shortlived, persist for only three months.
地
螨
虫卵
Epidemiology（流行病学）
The Monieziosis distribbution is world-wide.
Moniezia spp. are the commonest in young
animals, and are of low pathogenicity(致病性).
Their incidence shows a seasonal fluctuation,
coinciding with the active period of the
vectors.
Symptoms（症状）
When there are lots of Moniezia, the intestines will
become enteremphraxia(肠阻塞),even have been
ruptured(破裂).
The toxin of parasite cause young animals being
neurosis(神经症状),including walking in circles(回旋运
动),spasm(痉挛),non-food mastication(空口咀嚼).
clinical symptoms：
Decreased appetite(食欲减退),emaciation(消瘦),
anaemia(贫血),listless(精神不振),diarrhea(腹泻),
gravid proglottid(孕节) in feces。
Lesions（病变）
The disease can make corpse（尸体） become
thin , the colour of muscle turn light and make
exudates（渗出液） in abdomen(腹腔) increase.
Others: enteremphraxia(肠阻塞),contortion(扭
转),hemorrhage(肠粘膜出血)
Diagnosis（诊断）
Diagnosis is based on a history of residence in
an endemic area and symptoms.
Fecal examination（粪便检查）:
When there is no proglottids in feces ,using the
flotation method
Treatment（治疗）
1.Bithionol(硫双二氯酚): 50mg per kilogram of body
weight for cattle, or 75mg to 100mg for sheep, P.O.
2.Niclosamide(氯硝柳胺):50mg per kilogram of body
weight for cattle, or 60mg to 75mg for sheep, P.O.
3.Mebendazole(甲苯咪唑)：10mg per kilogram of body
weight for cattle, or 15mg for sheep, P.O.
4.Albendazole(丙硫咪唑):5mg per kilogram of body
weight for cattle, or 20mg for sheep, P.O.
5.Praziquantel(吡喹酮)：5mg to 10mg per kilogram of
body weight for cattle, or 10mg to 15mg for sheep,
P.O
Prevention（预防）
• 1. Deworm before adult stage(成熟前驱虫)
• 2.Harmless disposal of feces(粪便无害化处理)
• 3.Improvement of breeding and management
ploughing and reseeding(轮牧轮种)
to avoid pasturing in the early morning or at dust,
when the peak of forage mite activities(避螨放牧)
regularly testing forage mite within the pasture