Noncommunicable Diseases
Grade 8
Health
Causes of noncommunicable
diseases
• Noncommunicable diseases are not
spread by pathogens
• May be present at birth
• In other cases, noncommunicable disease
may develop as a result of a person’s
lifestyle behavior
• May develop from the effects of
substances in the environment
• or the cause may be unknown.
Chronic Diseases
• Many noncommunicable diseases are
chronic- diseases that are present either
continuously or off and on over a long
time.
• Examples: asthma
Degenerative Diseases
• Some noncommunicable diseases cause
the body cells and tissue to break down, or
degenerate.
• Degenerative diseases are diseases that
cause further breakdown in body cells,
tissues, and organs as they progress.
• Example: multiple sclerosis
Diseases Present at Birth
• Some babies are born with physical or
mental disabilities that are a result of
genetics or birth defects
• The causes of many birth defects are
unknown
• Some may result from harmful substances
in environment (x-rays), lifestyle behaviors
of the mother (alcohol), or a defect in
genes ( down syndrome).
Lifestyle Behaviors and Disease
• Some diseases there are certain risk
factors.
• Risk factors are characteristics that
increase a person’s chances of developing
a disease
• Risk factors over which people have no
control are heredity, age, gender, and
ethnic group.
Risk factors
• Lifestyle behaviors are risk factors we
have control of:
– Eating habits
– Physical activity
– Sleep habits
– Healthful lifestyles can prevent, control, or
reduce the risk of certain diseases.
Diseases Caused by the
Environment
• These substances can cause serious
health problems or make existing health
problems worse
– Chemical waste buried in landfills creates
fumes; illness can occur years after initial
exposure.
– Construction materials (asbestos) can
cause lung disease long after exposure
Diseases Caused by the
Environment
– Household chemicals (paints, solvents) can
pollute the indoor air and cause health
problems
– Secondhand smoke can be harmful to
nonsmokers
– Improper waste disposal by manufacturers
of household items like plastics/paint creates
water and air pollution. Oil from cars old
aerosol cans can pose health risks too.
Diseases Caused by the
Environment
– Radon a colorless, odorless gas released from soil
and rocks that contain tiny amounts of radium. Radon
can seep into the air through foundations, basements,
and pipes. Exposure over a long period of time
increases the risk of lung cancer.
– Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas
produced when fuel is burned. It is present in fumes
from car exhaust and some furnaces and fireplaces. If
fuel burning appliances do not work properly they can
produce dangerous levels of carbon monoxide which
can cause illness or death.
Common Noncommuincable
Diseases
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Allergies
Alzheimer’s disease
Arthritis
Asthma
Cancer
Cardiovascular disease
Cerebral palsy
Cystic Fibrosis
Multiple Sclerosis
Muscular Dystrophy
Sickle-Cell disease
Noncommunicable Disease
Projects
• This is a power point project that you will
complete with a partner.
• You and your partner will choose a
noncommunicable disease and research
the disease.
• You will follow the power point template to
help guide your research.
• See the guide
Cancer
Mrs. Whiteman
Health 8
Mod 1-2
September 2009
Cancer is a disease
• Define the disease or condition
• Is it genetic, lifestyle or from unknown
causes?
Source of info for this page: example
www.healthfacts.com
General Facts about fill in name
here
• How many people have this disease in the
US?
• Do people die from this disease?
• Is it increasing or decreasing?
• Who gets it? (men, women, ethnic
groups?)
Source: Must be listed!
Causes & Risk Factors for
fill in name here
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Cause 1
Cause 2
Cause 3
Cause 4
Could be more or less
Source: Must be listed!
Preventing fill in name
• If genetic, can parents know ahead?
• If lifestyle, can people not do something?
• If unknown, is there early diagnosis?
Symptoms of fill in name
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Symptom 1
Symptom 2
Symptom 3
Symptom 4
More…
Source: Must be listed!
Medical Tests
• What tests are done by doctors to
determine if you have it?
Treatment for fill in name here
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Therapy?
Medication?
Surgery?
Lifestyle Changes?
Support groups?
Complications of fill in name here
• What is the outlook for a person with this
condition?
• 5 year survival rate? (mainly for cancers)
• Is it progressive (get worse)?
• Is there a cure?
• Do people have complications from having
it?
Write the title of image here
• image or diagram does not
have to be at this spot in the
presentation…
Source: Must be listed!
Summary of name of disease
here
• What should be remember about this
disease
• What have you learned…
Web Resources for name of disease
here
• Medline (example)
– www.medline.com (example)
• Title of site
– Web address:
• Title of site
– Web address
Project Title _______________________
Name ________________________
Checklist for Project – Turn in when
completed!
Step One Basic Information
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Download the presentation and put it in your network folder.
Change the name of PowerPoint presentation to name of your disease
Change the title of each slide
Only use a template with a white background (see format/slide design for ideas)
Keep font size at 24 points or larger
Add pages when needed (9,999 limit)
Animate the points on your presentation, but do not use blink once or crawl
Do not use sounds
Step Two – Doing Research
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Use the provided websites only! Exception: finding an image for your presentation
Put the name of the website on the slides where required.
Type or paste information you find in the “speaker notes” found below the slide
Fill in each slide using ideas listed on the page. Some suggested information may not apply to
you presentation..
Step Three – Completing your project
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List all the online resources you used in the bibliography
Find the definition and pronunciation for any word used in project!
You must use an outline format on the actual slides, no complete sentences, 6-8 words per point
When you are done you will print out an outline of your report. Attach this checklist and turn it
in to Mr. Olson.
You must print out speaker notes and bring them to class on the first day the report is due..
List of Noncommunicable Disease
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Asthma
Eczema
Allergies
Celiac Disease
Anemia
Hemophilia
Sickle Cell Anemia
von Willebrand Disease
Blount Disease
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Lupus
Muscular Dystrophy
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Osteomyelitis
Scoliosis
Bell's Palsy
Cerebral Palsy
Epilepsy
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Guillain-Barré Syndrome
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Tourette Syndrome
Hodgkin's Disease
Melanoma
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Celiac Disease
Cystic Fibrosis
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Ulcers
Albinism
Dwarfism
Hemophilia
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Marfan Syndrome
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Muscular Dystrophy
Thyroid Disease
Turner Syndrome
von Willebrand Disease
Diabetes Center
Dwarfism
Growth Problems
Thyroid Disease
Thyroid Disease Definitions
List of Communicable Diseases
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Arrhythmias
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
ADHD
Autism
Learning Disabilities
Dyslexia
Asthma
Cystic Fibrosis
Cleft Lip and Palate
Hearing Impairment
Speech Problems
Visual Impairment
Allergies and Asthma
• As we learned before, the immune system
responds/reacts to the presence of foreign
substances by starting a process to weaken or
eliminate the substance.
• Part of the process is the release of antibodies ,
which fight foreign substances in the body.
• Some people develop an allergy, or an
abnormal immune reaction to an ordinarily
harmless substance.
Allergies and Asthma
• A substance that causes an allergic
reaction is called an allergen.
• When an allergen enters a person’s body,
the immune system reacts as though it
were harmful.
• Between 40 million and 50 million
Americans are affected by allergies
Did You Know….