Paramyxoviruses
副黏液病毒
Objectives
• How many types of viruses under
paramyxovirus.
• How many serotypes of each virus?
• What is the status of Hemagglutinin and
Neuraminidase in each virus?
• Vaccine MMR is for what viruses?
• The pathogenesis and clinical symptoms
of each virus.
• What drugs can be used to treat these
viruses?
I. Classification
Family: Paramyxoviridae
genera: Morbillivirus --> Measles V.
Paramyxovirus--> Parainfluenza V.
& Mumps V.
Pneumovirus --> Respiratory
Syncytial V. (RSV)
Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase
RSV in MA104 cell
RSV in Hep-2 cell
Measles in kidney cell
Measles in kidney cell
Replication in
cytoplasm
Nucleus
II. Measles virus
* Cause maculopapular rash(班及丘疹)
* Has hemagglutinin, no neuraminidase
* One serotype
Measles
SSPE: Subacute
Sclerosing
Panencephalitis
亞急性硬化泛腦炎
* Systemic infection
Epidemiology
• * One of the most infectious diseases
* Occurred in Winter and Spring in
preschool children
* 85% infected cause disease; 4 million
death before 5-year old each year
* 1-3 years/ cycle
• * 1/1000 become encephalitis;
1/1 million become SSPE, (teenage and
young adult)
Pathogenesis
Clinical Syndromes
• Fever--> Koplik's spot (marker for clinical
diagnosis) --> rash
IV. Mumps viruses
• Cause parotitis, similar to parainfluenza
virus infection
• With hemagglutinin and neuraminidase
• One serotype
Pathogenesis
• Humans are the only natural hosts.
• Mumps is a systemic viral disease.
• Nasal or upper respiratory tract epithelial cells -->
viremia --> salivary glands
(parotid gland)
• Difficult to control the transmission because of the
various incubation periods --->
(7-25days).
Mumps virus
* Systemic infection
Epidemiology
• Worldwide infection, occurred
endemically in Winter or Spring.
• Incubation period is about one week
• 90% infected before age of 15
• Aerosol or personal contact
Clinical Syndromes
• 1/3 subclinical; 95% of the patients with
swelling of the salivary gland.
• Malaise and anorexia --> enlargement of
parotid glands
Treatment, Prevention and Control
• No-antiviral treatment
III. Parainfluenza virus
• With hemagglutinin and neuraminidase
• 4 serotypes
Pathogenesis
Paramyxovirus
Clinical Syndromes
• Laryngitis, croup, tracheobronchitis and
pneumonia
• Cause common cold: sneezing, nasalobstruction or-discharge, sore throat,
headache, mild cough, malaise, and
chillness.
Epidemiology
• Newborn or children under 5 year old
• Occurred in Fall
• Hospital people may get infected
Treatment, Prevention and Control
• Hot steam, spread therapy (upper
respiratory tract infection)
• No effective vaccine
Paramyxovirus in RhMK cells
Hemadsorption
Unfected cells
V. Respiratory Syncytial Virus
• Localized respiratory tract infection
• First discovered in chimpanzee
• without hemagglutinin, neuraminidase
• With glycoprotein and fusion protein
Pathogenesis
Respiratory syncytial virus
Clinical Syndromes
• Running nose
Epidemiology
• Occurred in Winter
• Spread through hands or aerosol
Treatment, Prevention and Control
• Treatment: drug--> ribavirin
• Prevention:prevent cross contamination
• Vaccine: NA