Safe
Sex
Safe Sex
A mutually
monogamous
relationship with an
uninfected partner
Sexual Health
Intimate personal relationships free
from coercion, violence, or risk of
negative outcomes such as sexually
transmitted disease or unplanned
pregnancy.
Sexual Responsibility
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Consider outcomes
Respect others
Plan for safety
Avoid STIs/HIV & unplanned
pregnancy
Sexual Behavior Risks
SAFE
• Abstain or Delay sex
• “Outercourse” rather than
Intercourse
• Long-term, mutual monogamy
• Intercourse
– oral-vaginal-anal (protected) RISKY
– oral -vaginal-anal (unprotected)
Sexually Transmitted Infections
and Diseases (STI/STD)
Sexually transmitted
diseases are infections
you acquire through
sexual contact
Sexually Transmitted Infections
and Diseases (STI/STD)
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Chlamydia
HPV/Genital Warts
Herpes Simplex (HSV)
Molluscum
Contagiosum
Sexually Transmitted Infections
and Diseases (STI/STD)
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Hepatitis B (HBV)
Syphilis
HIV/AIDS
Gonorrhea
Chancroid
Nongonnococcal Urethritis
What is the Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)?
• HIV is the virus that
causes AIDS
• A person can be infected
with HIV and not know it
• Knowing if you have HIV
can save your life!
HIV versus AIDS
• HIV is the virus that
causes AIDS.
• A person can look and
feel healthy even if they
have HIV.
• A person with HIV can
pass the virus to
others.
• HIV weakens the body’s
ability to fight infection,
making a person very
sick. This is called AIDS.
• It can take years for a
person infected with HIV
to develop AIDS
• A person with AIDS can
still pass HIV to others.
HIV is not like
a cold…
You can’t just
“catch it”
How is HIV transmitted?
 Unprotected oral, vaginal or
anal sex. Anal sex is the
riskiest.
 Sharing needles for drugs,
tattoos or body piercing.
 Pregnancy, childbirth or
breast feeding.
HIV is passed through the
following BODY FLUIDS:
• SEMEN (cum)
• BLOOD
• VAGINAL FLUID
• BREAST MILK
How do we pass body fluids?
BLOOD
• Sharing Needles
• Pregnancy &
Childbirth
• Sex - If there are
open cuts or blood in
the vagina, mouth,
penis, or rectum
VAGINAL FLUIDS &
SEMEN (cum)
• Unprotected vaginal,
oral or anal sex
BREAST-MILK
Breast-Feeding
HIV TESTING
• The test for HIV is not a
routine blood test
• Before getting tested, a
person must receive
counseling & sign a
special HIV consent form
ABCs of Safe Sex
Abstinence from sex. This is the only
100% safe way to prevent HIV.
Best to have only one partner.
Condom use if you have sex.
Protective Measures
Female condom
Male condom
Correct Use
• New condom each and every
time
• Put on as soon as erection
occurs
• Hold tip and unroll onto penis
• Use water-based lubricants
• Withdrawal while erect
Correct Use
Open the Female condom
package carefully; tear at the
notch on the top right of the
package. Do not use scissors
or a knife to open.
The outer ring covers the area
around the opening of the
vagina. The inner ring is used for
insertion and to help hold the
sheath in place during
intercourse.
Correct Use
While holding the Female condom at the closed
end, grasp the flexible inner ring and squeeze it
with the thumb and second or middle finger so
it becomes long and narrow.
Correct Use
Choose a position that is comfortable for insertion –
squat, raise one leg, sit or lie down.
Correct Use
Gently insert the inner
ring into the vagina.
Feel the inner ring go
up and move into
place.
Place, the index finger on the inside
of the condom, and push the inner
ring up as far as it will go. Be sure the
sheath is not twisted. The outer ring
should remain on the outside of the
vagina.
Correct Use
The female condom is
now in place and ready for
use with your partner.
When you are ready, gently
guide your partner’s penis into
the condom's opening with your
hand to make sure that it enters
properly – be sure that the penis
is not entering on the side,
between the sheath and the
vaginal wall.
Correct Use
To remove the Female
condom, twist the outer
ring and gently pull the
condom out.
Wrap the condom in the
package or in tissue, and
throw it in the garbage.
Do not put it into the
toilet.
Oral Contraceptives
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99.5% effective (perfect use)
95% effective (typical use)
Taken daily
Positive and negative health
effects possible
• Does not protect against
STIs
Contraceptive Injection
DepoProvera
• 99.7% effective
• Once every 3 months
• Requires no other
actions
• After stopping, may
take 6 or more
months to get
pregnant
• Does not protect
against STIs
Diaphragm
• 94% effective (perfect use)
• 80% effective (typical use)
• Can be inserted up to 6 hours before
and must remain for 6 hours after
intercourse
• Use spermicides for each intercourse
• Simple to use and non-invasive
• Does not protect vaginal wall or penis
from STIs
Withdrawal Method
• 96% effective (perfect use)
• 81% effective (typical use)
• Requires trust and control
• Not a highly reliable
“method”
• Does not protect against
STIs
Fertility Awareness
Methods
Rhythm Method
• 75-99% effective
• Avoid sex during
fertile period
• Requires careful
planning and
motivation
• Does not protect
against STIs
Emergency Contraception
• Morning after Pill
• Same hormones used in birth
control pills
• Use for accidents
• Use up to 72 hours after
intercourse
• Does not protect against STIs
• Available at every military
medical clinic
Condoms + Other Contraceptives
• If you or your partner are using one of
the many forms of birth control which
do not protect against STIs, use
condoms also to reduce the chance of
acquiring or transmitting disease.
What is Important to You?
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Health
Career
Finances
Relationships
Personal Values
Secure future
Safe Sex Benefits
 Protect yourself
 Protect your partners
 Protect your baby (if you’re pregnant)
 Peace of mind
Stay Healthy!
•Use condoms every time you have
vaginal, oral or anal sex.
•Limit the number of sexual partners
you have.
•Never share needles or equipment if
you do use drugs.
STAY SAFE!
Reference
New York Presbyterian Hospital Family Planning Center
Center for Community Health & Education
Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University,
HIV AIDS Counseling
http://www.ripnroll.com/reality2.htm, Female Condoms How to use
www.jamaica-nyp.org, Ministry of Health