FERRANDINI Emilie
ESIL - GBM 3
Upper Limb Prostheses
Study of prosthetic hand
Mr. BRUNET - Mr. DANIELS - Mr. FRAJUT
Synopsis
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Introduction.
Active Prostheses.
Study of the hand.
Hydraulic hand prosthesis.
Evolutions.
Conclusion.
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Introduction
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85 000 people with just one hand in Europe.
Causes : accident, war, disease …
First prostheses : only cosmetic.
1960 : first functional prosthetic hand.
Two main types :
– passive prostheses.
– active prostheses.
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Active Prostheses
Study of the Hand
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
Evolutions
Active Prostheses
Body-powered prostheses
• Requirements
– possess at least one gross body movement
– sufficient residual limb and musculature
Advantages
Disadvantages
Highly durable
Feedback
Low maintenance cost
Uncomfortable
Restricted functional area
Appearance
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Active Prostheses
Study of the Hand
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
Evolutions
Active Prostheses
Electrically powered prostheses
• Use of small electrical motors.
• Myoelectric control : most popular.
Advantages
Disadvantages
No harness
Cosmetic skin
Functional area not restricted
Use of battery
Expensive
Water damage
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Active Prostheses
Study of the Hand
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
Evolutions
Study of the Hand
Hand anatomy
• Movement and rotation around 3 axes.
• Flexion and extension of each finger.
• Thumb opposition.
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Active Prostheses
Study of the Hand
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
Evolutions
Study of the Hand
Hand Representation
• Degrees of freedom (DOF)
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Interphalangeal : 1 DOF
Metacarpophalangeal : 2 DOF
Thumb : 2 DOF
Wrist : 6 DOF
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Active Prostheses
Study of the Hand
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
Evolutions
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
• Patients needs
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An increase of functionality.
A reduction of weight.
A better cosmetic appearance.
A tactile feedback system.
• Other requirements
– Low power consumption.
– Compactness.
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Active Prostheses
Study of the Hand
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
Evolutions
General Considerations
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Why hydraulic system ?
Weight requirements.
Power
Cosmetic
Feedback signal
micropump
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Active Prostheses
Study of the Hand
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
Evolutions
Ultralight Prosthesis
• Pump and valves far away from the hand.
• Reduced stress
• Lightness impression
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Active Prostheses
Study of the Hand
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
Evolutions
Multifunctional Prosthesis
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Active Prostheses
Study of the Hand
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
Evolutions
Evolutions
• Communication with prostheses.
• Feedback system.
• Prosthesis attachment.
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Active Prostheses
Study of the Hand
Hydraulic Hand Prosthesis
Evolutions
Evolutions
• Reduction of energy consumption.
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Conclusion
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Only Cosmetic
Difficult design  Simplest functions
New technologies and materials
Importance of patient’s needs
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Thank You For Your Attention
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