DENGUE FEVER
Amber Beg
April 6, 2010
Biology 402
http://www.mosquitoage.org/Portals/12/Images/dengue%20virus_em.jpg
Dengue is a tropical febrile disease
http://gamapserver.who.int/mapLibrary/Files/Maps/World_DengueTransmission_Extension_2008.png
Dengue Fever has a long history…
www.philadelphia-reflections.com/topic/17.htm
992- Chinese
Encyclopedia
1780- Philadelphia
“break-bone fever”
Benjamin Rush
Isolated by Albert Sabin in 1944
http://www.notablebiographies.com/images/uewb_09_img0622.jpg
…and become a MAJOR pandemic
in the last 50 years
Endemic in more than
1oo countries
2.5 billion
people at risk
www.tatterhood.com/category/gameart/tastyplanet
How is it spread??
http://www.metapathogen.com/IMG/Aedes-aegypti.jpg
THE VECTOR: Aedes aegypti
Ae. aegypti likes humans and our products
http://www.bviplatinum.com/images/articleimg/6442b.jpg
Spread of the vector and the disease
go hand in hand
www.latinamericanstudies.org/Transatlantic.htm
Transatlantic Slave Trade
World War II
http://neatorama.cachefly.net/images/2007-09/world-war-2.jpg
Why such a problem??
Ineffective mosquito control


Rapid population growth

Non-biodegradable
packaging

Rapid increase in air travel
http://farm1.static.flickr.com/81/285601911_f859e04e39.jpg
So how do I know if I have it?

Fever

Rash

Severe headache

Musculoskeletal
pains
http://www.microbiologybytes.com/blog/2008/05/
Sounds a lot like the
flu…
The Real Problem: Dengue
Hemorrhagic Fever

Symptoms:
 Plasma
leakage
 Hepatomegaly
 Low
blood pressure

Hypovolemic shock

Death
There is no specific treatment for DHF
http://www.health-res.com/EX/08-01-15/82560-main_Full.jpg
Can only treat the symptoms
There are 4 viral serotypes

Family Flaviviridae

Same family as Yellow
Fever
http://www.microbiologybytes.com/virology/3035pics/dengue.jpg
Dengue is an RNA Virus
Single
strand
positive
RNA
Genome
Envelope
Virus too!
http://www.microbiologybytes.com/blog/2007/10/23/dengue-virus-infection-activatesthe-unfolded-protein-response/
Secondary infections tend to
produce DHF….
Antibodies enhance viral
replication!
How can we stop it?
Mosquito control:
Improved water storage
Insecticides
Introduction of mosquito-eating fish
and copepods
Even Better: A Vaccine
Nothing yet but progress is being made

Tetravalent live
attenuated

Intertypic chimaeric
vaccine

Chimaeric vaccine
http://thefreemarketeers.files.wordpress.com/2009/07/syringe2.jpg
Works Cited
"Dengue." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, 16 Mar. 2010. Web. 30 Mar. 2010.
<http://www.cdc.gov/Dengue/>.
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever: Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Control. 2nd
ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1997. Print.
"Dengue." World Health Organization. World Health Organization. Web. 30 Mar.
2010. <http://www.who.int/topics/dengue/en/>.
Gubler, D. J., and Goro Kuno, eds. Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.
Wallingford, Oxon, UK: CAB International, 1997. Print.
Mandell, Gerald L., John E. Bennett, and Raphael Dolin. Mandell, Douglas, and
Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. New York:
Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, 2010. Print.
Mustafa, Maj, and V. K. Agrawal. "Dengue Vaccine: The Current Status." Medical
Journal Armed Forces India 64.2 (2008): 161-64. Web.
Rothman, Alan L. "Dengue: Defining Protective versus Pathologic Immunity." The
Journal of Clinical Investigation 113.7 (2004): 946-51. Web.