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Presentation Package for
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
Section II: Concept 04
The Health Benefits
of
Physical Activity
Physical activity and good physical fitness can reduce risk
of Physical Fitness 14e
of illness and contribute toConcepts
optimal
health and wellness.
1
Physical Activity and Health

What physical activity can do for health
Reduces risks of many chronic diseases
 Promotes weight control
 Slows premature aging
 Improves quality of life

Physical activity is not a panacea for all medical
conditions but it is probably the best single thing
a person can do for their health
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Web04-02 (SeDS)
Hypokinetic Conditions
Cardiovascular disease
 Cancer
 Back problems
 Obesity
 Diabetes
Subsequent slides
 Osteoporosis
provide detail on each
of these conditions
 Mental health

Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Lab 4a
information
Cardiovascular Disease
 Coronary
 #1
heart disease (CHD)
cause of death
 Stroke
 #3
cause of death
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Modifiable Risk Factors for
Coronary Heart Disease
Smoking
 Hypertension
 Hypercholesterolemia
 Physical inactivity
 Overweight / overfat

American Heart
Association
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Physical Activity and the
Healthy Heart
Produces a strong heart muscle
 Promotes good collateral circulation

Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Physical Activity and
Atherosclerosis
Lowers blood lipid levels
 Increases HDL
cholesterol
(the “good” cholesterol)
 Reduces fibrin deposits
(blood coagulation)

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Activity Reduces
Coronary Heart Disease Risk
CHD
RISK
It takes only a moderate
amount of physical activity to
reduce health risks of CHD.
Level of Physical Activity
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Physical Activity & Other
Cardiovascular Diseases
Reduced risk of high blood pressure
(hypertension)
 Reduced the risk of stroke
 Prevention of peripheral vascular
disease
 Reduction in CVD deaths
 Associated with metabolic syndrome

Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Metabolic Syndrome
(Syndrome X)
Opposite of poor metabolic fitness, as
discussed in Concept 1.
 People with at least three of the following
characteristics have metabolic syndrome:

 blood
pressure above 135/85
 a fasting blood sugar level of ≥ 110
 blood triglycerides of ≥ 150
 low blood HDL level (< 40), and/or
 high abdominal circumference
(≥ 40” for men or 35” for women).
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Physical Activity & Other
Hypokinetic Conditions
Cancer
Diabetes
Musculoskeletal Problems
Obesity
Emotional Health
Immune System
Alzheimer’s Disease & Dementia
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Cancer
Second leading cause of death
 Various types of cancer
 Causes still largely unknown

American Cancer Society
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Activity Reduces the
Risk of Some Cancers

Reduced transit time


Decreased risk of colon-rectal cancer
Reduced levels of hormones

Decreased risk of breast cancer and some
reproductive cancers
Improved immune system
 Reduced levels of body fat

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Back Problems

80% of the population will experience
back pain at some point in their life

Back problems are a major cause of
inactivity in adults
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Activity Reduces
Risk of Back Pain

Improves
flexibility
of joints and
ligaments

Improves
musculoskeletal
strength
and endurance
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Obesity
 Over
half of the population in the
United States is considered to be
overweight
 Obesity
increases the risk of many
other diseases
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Activity Promotes
Weight Control
 Burns
calories
 Increases rate of
metabolism
 Promotes fat
loss and
preserves
muscle
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Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
 Type
I (juvenile onset)
 Pancreas
 Type
fails to produce insulin
2 (adult onset)
 Lack
of sensitivity to insulin
 Often caused by obesity
American Diabetes Association
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Activity Reduces
Risks of Diabetes
 Type
1
 Reduces
disease
risk
 Increases quality
of life
 Type
2
 Decreased
insulin requirement
 Reduced fatness
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Osteoporosis




Progressive loss of bone mineral density
Occurs commonly in old age
Occurs at an earlier age and more frequently in
women than men
Factors associated with osteoporosis
 Loss of sex hormones
 Low calcium levels
 Physical inactivity
 High protein intake
 Smoking
National Osteoporosis Foundation
 Caffeine
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Physical Activity Reduces
Risk of Osteoporosis
 Increases
peak bone
mass
 Slows
decline
in bone mass
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Physical Activity Improves
Emotional Health
 Reduced
depression
 Reduced
anxiety
 Improved
sleep
(greater ability to relax)
 Increased
self-esteem
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Physical Activity and
Immune Function
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PA & Alzheimer's Disease
Factors relating to heart health also
contribute to brain health.
 Studies indicate that PA and
challenging mental activities are
especially important among the
lifestyle factors involved in maintaining
brain health and preventing Alzheimer’s
disease and dementia.
 See In the News for details (p. 80)

Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Physical Activity & Aging

Slows aging
 Acquired
aging
(related to lifestyle)

Compression of
morbidity

Time-dependent aging
cannot be altered
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Activity Aging Cycle
Decrease Physical
Activity
Physical
Deterioration
Gain Weight
Lose Energy
Perceive
Self As Old
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Physical Activity & Wellness


Good physical fitness and regular physical
activity are important for optimal wellness.
Good physical fitness:






helps you enjoy leisure
helps you work more effectively and efficiently
keeps body functioning effectively
is the basis for dynamic and creative activity
can help you function safely and meet emergencies
PA – major part of most employee health
promotion programs
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Factors that Cannot be Altered
 Age
 Heredity
 Gender
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Factors that Can be Altered
Physical activity
 Diet
 Stress
 Tobacco use
 Body (fatness)
 Blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood
pressure
 Reducing your risk of diseases

Table 5, p. 77 – Hypokinetic Disease
Risk Factors
 See
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Summary
Regular physical activity and good
fitness can promote good health, help
prevent disease, and be a part of
disease treatment.
 Too many adults suffer from
hypokinetic diseases.
 Many factors that are under your
control (lifestyles).

Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Web Resources
Online Learning Center
“On the Web” pages for Concept
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
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Supplementary Graphics
Lab Information
Concepts of Physical Fitness 14e
32
Return to
presentation

Lab 4a Information
Assessing Heart Disease Risk Factors
Complete the 10 questions on the
Heart Disease Risk Questionnaire
Sum of 1 to 3 = unalterable risk factors
 Sum of 4-10 = alterable risk factors


Calculate total risk and discuss your
personal level of risk and what
factors you might need to change.
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