2011 Brazilian Symposium on Computing System Engineering
Minix over Linux:
A User-space Multiserver
Operating System
Pablo Pessolani, Oscar Jara
Departamento de Ingeniería en Sistemas de Información
Facultad Regional Santa Fe, UTN
Santa Fe, Argentina
100062324 王璽鈞
100062330 孫士媛
101062702 翁景華
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Agenda
Introduction1 – Server Virtualization
II. Introduction2 – Minix
III. Minix over Linux: A User-space Multiserver
Operating System
I.
I.
Prerequisite
II.
III.
Mol Architecture and Components
Conclusions and Future Works
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Agenda
Introduction1 – Server Virtualization
II. Introduction2 – Minix
III. Minix over Linux: A User-space Multiserver
Operating System
I.
I.
Prerequisite
II.
III.
Mol Architecture and Components
Conclusions and Future Works
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Server Virtualization
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What is virtualization
Convert one physical server into multiple virtual machines
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Why Virtualize?
•
Consolidation
- Make good use of physical machine’s resources
- Decrease the use of physical space
•
Isolation
- Running software without worrying about affecting other applications or
OSes
•
High Availability
- If a sever fail, another serve can take its place
•
Easy Deployment
- move a virtual server from one physical machine in a network to another
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Terminology
• Host
-physical server, e.g. a real computer
• Guest
-
- virtual server, e.g. a virtual machine
• Hypervisor (or Virtual Machine Monitor)
- A piece of software
- Presents the guest OSes with a virtual platform and manages
the execution of the guest OSes
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Types of Server Virtualization
•
Full virtualization
- Simulates complete hardware environment
- Guest OS is unmodified to run
- OS is not aware that it is not running on real hardware
- Hypervisor is required
-
•
Limitation
- Low efficiency
• Examples:
- Virtual Box
- Virtual PC
- VMware
- QEMU
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Types of Server Virtualization
•
Para-virtualization
- Not fully emulate a complete hardware environment
- Guest OS is modified to run on the hypervisor
- Guest OS is aware of being virtualized itself
- More efficient than full virtualization
-
•
Limitation
- Need OS modification
- compatibility and portability
•
Examples:
- XEN
- KVM
- Win4Lin 9x
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Types of Server Virtualization
•
Operating System-level virtualization
- Host OS has the ability to do shared kernel virtualization
•
performs all the functions of a fully virtualized hypervisor
- Based on the creation of isolated containers
- The most efficient than the other two
•
Containers
Limitation
- Guest OS should be similar to host
•
Examples
- Linux-VServer
- OpenVZ
- FreeBSD Jails
- Chroot
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Comparison
Full virtualization
Para-virtualization
OS-level
virtualization
Performance
scalability
-
Versatility
(Share OS and drivers)
Virtual HW


x
Hypervisor
Thin hypervisor
Container
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Agenda
Introduction1 – Server Virtualization
II. Introduction2 – Minix
III. Minix over Linux: A User-space Multiserver
Operating System
I.
I.
Prerequisite
II.
III.
Mol Architecture and Components
Conclusions and Future Works
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Minix
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Minix－－mini UNIX
•
Andrew Tanenbaum
•
Assembly language/C
•
Copyright of UNIX 7
•
Unix Like
•
Tape
•
For education
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Overview of Processes in MINIX
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Interprocess Communication in MINIX
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MINIX Scheduling
•
Each time a process is interrupted from a I/O device or from the clock.
•
Within the task and sever levels processes run until they block, never preempted
by the clock,
•
but user processes are scheduled using round robin.
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Microkernel
•
Modular kernel
•
Basic service: for process、storage、I/O
•
Others EX Internet
•
Scalability/ useful Application
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Difference
•
Linux、Unix use
／
Minix use
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Agenda
Introduction1 – Server Virtualization
II. Introduction2 –Minix
III. Minix over Linux: A User-space Multiserver
Operating System
I.
I.
Prerequisite
II.
III.
Mol Architecture and Components
Conclusions and Future Works
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What is MoL?
1.
2.
3.
Minix on Linux
A User-space
Multiserver Operating
System
“A reliable OS running
as a message oriented
middleware”
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Why Minix?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Microkernel based
Multilayer system
Client/Server model
Message Transfer Interprocess
Communications (IPC)
Interrupt hiding
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Agenda
Introduction1 – Server Virtualization
II. Introduction2 – Minix
III. Minix over Linux: A User-space Multiserver
Operating System
I.
I.
Prerequisite
II.
III.
Mol Architecture and Components
Conclusions and Future Works
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Two design goals
1.
2.
To be as independent of the host’s architecture
as possible to facilitate the migration to
different platforms other than Linux.
To use a minimum of the host’s resources in
order to facilitate live process migration on a
cluster of machines.
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Architecture
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Architecture
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Architecture
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Agenda
Introduction1 – Server Virtualization
II. Introduction2 – Minix
III. Minix over Linux: A User-space Multiserver
Operating System
I.
I.
Prerequisite
II.
III.
Mol Architecture and Components
Conclusions and Future Works
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Works Ahead
Stable production-mode version
2. Security features
3. Virtualization of more devices
4. Performance optimizations
5. Binary compatibility
6. Process and status monitoring .etc
1.
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Main Target
Distributed processing
II. SSI-DOS = Single System Image DOS
I.
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