Chapter 7
Operating Systems & Utility Programs
Professor Michael J. Losacco
CIS 1110 – Using Computers
Overview
Chapter
7
Define System Software
Identify the Types of Systems Software
Describe Operating System Functions
Summarize the PC Startup Process
Identify Types of Operating Systems
Explain the Purpose of Utilities
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Systems Software
Chapter
7
Control Operation of Computer
Types
Operating System (OS)
Utilities
3/30
Operating System
Chapter
7
Set of Programs
Coordinates Hardware Resources
For All Computer Activities
Allows Use of Application Software
Cross-platform Applications
Identical on Multiple Operating Systems
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Operating System
Chapter
7
Functions
start computer
provide user interface
manage
programs
administer
security
control a
network
manage
memory
provide file
management
monitor
establish
performance communications
schedule jobs &
configure devices
5/30
Booting
Chapter
7
Starting / Restarting Computer
Cold Boot
Turning on Computer from Off State
Warm Boot
Restarting Computer that is Already On
6/30
Booting
Chapter
7
Mechanics
7/30
Booting
Chapter
7
Boot Drive
Drive From Which Computer Starts
Boot Disk
Contains System Files
Recovery Disk
Return System to Original Purchase State
8/30
Modes
Chapter
7
Sleep
Saves Open Docs / Programs to RAM
Turns Off All Unneeded Functions
Places Computer in a Low-power State
Hibernate
Saves Open Docs / Programs to Disk
Removes Power from Computer
9/30
User Interface (UI)
Chapter
7
Controls How Data is Entered
Determines How Information Displays
Command-line
Typed Commands
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Uses Visuals Such as Icons & Menus
Represents:
Program
Instruction
10/30
Program Management
Chapter
7
Multitasking
Work on Multiple Applications at Once
Foreground
Active Application
Background
Programs that are Running in Memory
Not Currently in Use
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Program Management
Chapter
7
Multiuser
Two or More Users
Run Same Program Simultaneously
Multiprocessing
Multiple CPUs Running at Same Time
Fault-tolerant
Duplicate Components
Hard Disk, Memory
Can Operate Even if Component Fails
12/30
Memory Management
Chapter
7
Optimizes the Use of RAM
Allocates Memory for Processing Data
Monitors Contents
Clears Memory When Not Required
Virtual Memory
Part of Hard Disk Functions as RAM
Thrashing
13/30
Scheduling
Chapter
7
Job
Operation the Processor Manages
Receiving Data from Input Device
Transfer Items Between Storage & Memory
Processing Instructions
Sending Information to Output Device
Adjusts Schedule Based on Job’s Priority
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Scheduling
Chapter
7
Spooling
Send Print Jobs to Buffer
Instead of Directly to Printer
Print Jobs Line up in Queue
15/30
Device Drivers
Chapter
7
How to Communicate with Device
Each Device Requires its Own Driver
Plug and Play
OS Automatically Configures New Device
Recognizes When Installed
16/30
Connectivity
Chapter
7
Provides Means To Establish:
Internet Connections
Network Connections
17/30
File Management
Chapter
7
Windows Explorer (My Computer)
Tree Structure
Documents & Files
Folders & Subfolders
Paths
Maintenance
Copy, Move, Rename, Delete
Startup Folder
Temporary Files
18/30
OS Categories
Chapter
7
19/30
Stand-alone
Chapter
7
Complete OS that Works on:
Desktop Computers
Notebook Computers
Mobile Computing Devices
Market Share
Microsoft Windows
92%
Apple Macintosh
6%
Linux
1%
NetMarketShare 4/12
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Stand-alone
Chapter
7
Microsoft
Windows 7
Apple
First Commercially Successful GUI
Mac OS X
Unix
Linux
Open-source Unix
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Server
Chapter
7
Microsoft Windows Server 2008
Unix
Linux
Solaris
Unix-like by Sun Microsystems
Novell Netware
22/30
Embedded
Chapter
7
Found on Small Devices
Resides on a ROM chip
Android
Blackberry
iPhone
Palm
Windows Mobile
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Utility Programs
Chapter
7
Performs Maintenance-type Tasks
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Utility Programs
Chapter
7
Backup / Restore
Uninstaller
Remove Main Program & Support Files
Disk Cleanup
Removes Unnecessary Files
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Utility Programs
Chapter
7
Disk Defragmenter
Reorganizes Files
Faster Execution
File Compression
AKA Zipped Files
Shrinks Size of Files
Faster Communication
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Utility Programs
Chapter
7
Image Viewer
Display, Copy, Print Graphics Files
Screen Saver
Shows Moving Image
If No Activity Occurs for Specified Time
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Utility Programs
Chapter
7
Antivirus
Prevents, Detects, & Removes Viruses
Must be Updated Frequently
Spyware / Adware Remover
Detects & Deletes Spyware / Adware
Firewall
Detects Unauthorized Intrusions
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Utility Programs
Chapter
7
Filters
Block Items from Being Displayed
Web
Anti-spam
Phishing
Pop-up Blockers
Computer Maintenance
Identify & Fix OS & Disk Problems
Some Continuously Monitor Computer
29/30
Utility Programs
Chapter
7
Media Player
View Images & Animation
Listen to Audio
Watch Video Files
CD/DVD Burning
Writes to Recordable / Rewriteable Disks
30/30