Canine Respiration
Imaging Quiz
Developed by: Sorcha McCaughley & Mark Brims
Approved by: Gawain Hammond & Maureen Bain
Supported by: The Chancellor’s Fund
Respiration Imaging Quiz
Canine
START!
Choose a region…
• I want to x-ray the:
– Head
– Larynx and Hyoid Apparatus
– Trachea and Bronchi
The Head
• Do you want a:
– Lateral view
– Dorso-ventral view
The Head - Lateral
• What is A?
– Nasopharynx
– Maxillary Sinus
– Frontal Sinus
A
• What is B?
– Soft Palate
– Hard Palate
– Nasal Septum
C
B
• What is C?
– Dorsal conchae
– Ethmoidal conchae
– Vomer
 Correct! 
• Yes! This is the
Frontal Sinus!
• Here are some more
examples.
• Try part B
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the
nasopharynx!
• Here is the
Nasopharynx:
• Try again!
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the Maxillary Sinus!
• The dog does not have a true Maxillary Sinus; it
has a Maxillary Recess which is not easily
visible on radiographs.
• Try again!
 Correct! 
• Yes! This is the Hard
Palate!
• Here are some more
examples.
• Try part C
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the Soft
Palate!
• Here is the Soft
Palate:
• Try again!
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the Nasal Septum!
• The Nasal Septum is cartilagenous and so is not clearly
visible on radiographs, except occasionally rostral to the
Maxilla:
• Try again!
 Correct 
• Yes! This is the
Dorsal Conchae!
• Here are some more
examples.
• Do you want to:
– See D/V head images
– Pick a new region
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the
Ethmoidal Conchae!
• Here are the
Ethmoidal Conchae:
• Try again!
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the
Vomer!
• Here is the Vomer:
• It is not easily
distinguished from the
hard palate on
radiographs.
• Try again!
The Head – D/V
• What is A?
C
B
A
– Hard Palate
– Vomer
– Ventral Conchae
• What is B?
– Maxillary Sinus
– Nares
– Palatine Fissure
• What is C?
– Dorsal Conchae
– Nasal Septum
– Philtrum
 Correct 
• Yes! This is the
Vomer!
• Here are some more
examples.
• Try part B
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the
Hard Palate!
• This is the Hard
Palate:
• Try again!
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the Ventral Conchae!
• Ventral Conchae are not visible on dorsoventral radiographs.
• Try again!
 Correct 
• Yes! This is the
Palatine Fissure!
• Here are some more
examples.
• Try part C
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the Maxillary Sinus!
• The dog does not have a true Maxillary
Sinus; it has a Maxillary Recess which is
not easily visible on radiographs.
• Try again!
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the Nares!
• The Nares are soft tissue structures, they are not easily
visible on radiographs but are occasionally seen here:
• Try again!
 Correct 
• Yes! This is the Nasal
Septum!
• Here are some more
examples.
• Do you want to
– See lateral head images
– Pick a new region
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the
Dorsal Conchae!
• The Dorsal Conchae
are internal
structures:
• Try again!
 Incorrect 
• No, this is not the Philtrum!
• The Philtrum is a fold of soft tissue
between the nares and upper lip; it is not
visible on radiographs.
• Try again!
Larynx & Hyoids
Question 1
1.
The hyoid bones have been labelled, which of the following is correct? A, B, C, D, E =
Ceratohyoid, Epihyoid, Stylohyoid, Basihyoid, Thyrohyoid
Stylohyoid, Epihyoid, Ceratohyoid, Basihyoid, Thyrohyoid
Thyrohyoid, Basihyoid, Ceratohyoid, Epihyoid, Stylohyoid
Stylohyoid, Epihyoid, Basihyoid, Ceratohyoid, Thyrohyoid
A
E
B
D
C
 Incorrect 
Try Again!
 Correct 
• Well done! Here are some more examples of the
Hyoid Bones:
S
E
C
B
Now try Question 2
T
2.
What structures are
shown in the circled
area on this
radiograph?
A.The Laryngeal
Cartilages
B.The Hyoid Bones
C.The Tympanic
Bullae
 Correct 
Yes! These are the Laryngeal Cartilages!
They are: Epiglottis, Thyroid, Arytenoid, Cricoid
As they are cartilagenous, they are not normally easy to see on
radiographs. The larynx is composed of these cartilages and soft
tissues which do not show up on x-rays, so is most easily located by
using the hyoid bones.
Back to Choose a region screen.
 Incorrect 
These are not the Hyoid Bones. They appear as thin, linear
bones. See Question 1 for views of the Hyoid bones.
Try Again!
 Incorrect 
These are not the Tympanic Bullae.
They are the bones of the skull
containing the middle ear space.
Here are examples of the Tympanic
Bullae:
Try Again!
Trachea and Bronchi
Do you want:
Normal Views
Contrast Views
Lateral Thorax
Although the lung field can
be distinguished on this
radiograph, the lungs
themselves cannot be seen
because:
1. The lungs are
abnormal/diseased
2.Gas shows up as black
on radiographs
3.They are obscured by the
heart.
A
What is structure A?
1.The Oesophagus
2.The Cranial Vena Cava
3.The Trachea
Back to Trachea and Bronchi
 Correct 
Yes! Gas does not absorb x-rays, so the film behind gas filled
structures such as the lungs is fully exposed and shows up as black.
Here are some other examples of normal lungs:
Back to Lateral Thorax
Back to Choose a Region
 Incorrect 
No! These lungs are normal. Abnormal lungs show up as pale white
and cloudy due to the presence of infected material or abnormal
tissue growth. Here are some examples:
Try Again!
 Incorrect 
No! The heart is the grey soft-tissue structure in the centre of the
thorax; although the lungs do wrap around the heart they extend far
beyond it.
Try Again!
 Incorrect 
No! This is not the Oesophagus! The oesophagus is not rigid and is
usually empty and collapsed on radiographs, making it hard to see.
Try Again!
 Incorrect 
No! This is not the Cranial Vena Cava. This structure is black,
suggesting it is gas-filled.
Try Again!
 Correct 
Yes! This is the Trachea! It is easily recognised as it is
gas filled and black. Further cranially it is sometimes
possible to identify the Tracheal Cartilages:
Contrast View of Lungs (Feline)
• Which is the Trachea:
A, B or C?
A
• Which is the Bronchi:
A, B, or C?
• Which is the Bronchioles
and Alveoli?
A, B, or C?
C
Back to Trachea and Bronchi
B
 Correct 
Well done! This is the Trachea!
Here are other examples:
Oesophagus
Try part B
 Correct 
Well done! These are the Bronchi!
Here is another example:
Try part C
 Correct 
Well done! These are the Bronchioles and Alveoli!
Here are other examples:
Back to Contrast Lung View
Back to choose a region
 Incorrect 
Try Again!