PRESENTATION
CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE
[CHEMICAL GROUP]
CHBT – 02 [ BASIC FITTINGS & MEASUREMENTS ]
Instructor :- Mr. A.H. SHAH
SAFETY IN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
•Introduction
•Concept of Safety
•Personal Safety – General Safely & Plant / Industry Safety
•Accident
•Caution
•Prevention
•Safety Management
•Machine Guard
•Good House Keeping
•Lighting
•Ventilation
•Temporature
•Fire Safety
•Material Landling
PERSONAL SAFETY
•Personal Safety Equipment
•First Aid
•Industrial Discipline
METROLOGY
•The ferrous Metals and alloys used :
•Pig Iron
•Cast Iron
•Wrough Iron
•Steels and Alloy Steels
PIG IRON
CAST IRON
•Gray cast Iron Casting of Machine parts, Machined easily
•White cast Iron : Very Hard, Very difficult to machine (Chilled
cast Iron) can not be weleded.
•Molleable cast Iron : Increased ductility, tensile strength and
toughness, produced from cast Iron
•Nodular Cast Iron : Similar to malleable cast Iron, Produced
without any heat treatment.
•Wrouht Iron : 99.9% of Iron production puddling process
astron or byres process shaft.
STEEL (PLAIN CARBON STEEL)
Classified according to their carbon content.
Dead mild steel
0.1 to 0.125 % Carbon
Uses wire, road & Sheets
Mild Steel
0.15 to 0.3 % carbon
General workshop process
Medium Carbon steel
0.3 to 0.7 % carbon
Axles, drop forgines, High
tensile tubes, wires,
agriculture tool.
High Carbon Steel
0.7 to 0.9 % carbon
Springs, forging, dies and
wood chisels.
Cold chisels, press dies,
punches.
Files, drills, gauges and
other cutting tools
0.9 to 01.1 % carbon
1.1 to 1.4 % carbon
MANUFACTUREING PROCESSES
Bessemer Process
L.D. Process
Electric Process
Open Hearth Process
MEASUREMENTS
Linear Measurement Units
STEEL RULE
•S.I. (System International) System
•Matric Ssystem : meter, C.M., M.M., (MKS)
•British System
•Feet, Inch (FPS)
•STEEL RULE : 10 MM, 5 MM, 1 MM, 0.5 MM
Introduction : Material Measuring with steel rules.
VERNIER CALIPER
•Introduction Material Parts :
•Fix Jaw ( 1 and 2)
•Moveable Jaw ( 3 and 4)
•Vernier Slide (5)
•Beam (6) Depth Bar (7)
•Thumb Lever (8)
• Vernier Scale (9)
•Main Scale (10)
Least Count of vernier Calipers
•Main Scale division = 1 mm
•Vernier Scale Division = 49 / 50 mm
•Least Count =1 – 49 / 50 = 50 – 49 = 1 / 50 = 0.02 mm
•
•Reading of verner caliper
50
VERNIER HEIGHT GUAGE
•Use
•Function of each parts :
•PARTS : (1) Base (2) Beam (3) Vernier Slide (4) Fine adjusting
•
screw (5) Main scale (6) Lock nut (7) Scriber
OUT SIDE MICROMETER
•Introduction : 0.1 mm
•Principle : Screw & Nuts,
•Parts :
•Range : 0.25 mm, 25 – 50 mm,
50 – 75 mm, 75 – 100 mm
•Graduation :
•Barrel 1 mm and 0.5 mm (Main Division & sub division )
•Themble : 0.01 mm
Numbers on Barrel :
•0, 5, 10, 15, 20 & 25 mm
Numbered on Thimble :
•0, 5, 10, 15…… 45 – 50 on Clockwise direction
The Distance move by the spindle during one rotation of
thimble is 0.5 mm.
Movement of the one division of the thimble = 0.5 x 1/50 =
0.01 mm
•List Count : Small Parts of Barrel
Numbers of parts on thimble
= 0.5 = 0.01 mm
50
VERNIER BEVEL PROTRATOR
•Introduction :
•Parts :
•Use :
•Graduation :
•Main Scale 0O-90O -0O-90O -0O-90O
•Vernier Scale : 12 Part, Each 3rd Line is marked 0- 15 – 30 – 45 - 60
•List Count : 2 MSD – 1VSD
= 2o – 23o = 1o = 51
12
Reading : MSD = 41o
VSD = 0 – 501
Reading : 41o - 501
12
Dial Test Indicator
•
Introduction :
•
Principle :
•
Types : Plunger Types & Lever Types
•
Parts :
1. Pointer
2. Ratatable Bezzle
3. Bazzle Clamp
4. Back Lug
5. Transparent dial Cover
6. Stem
8. Anvil
•
Graduation :
•
Readng :
•
Stand :
7 . Plunger
9. Revolution Counter
COMBINATION SET
•
Introduction :
1. Protractor Head
2. Square Head
3. Centre Head
4. Rule
HAND TOOLS
•Steel Rule
•Scriber : Future of Scribers
Use of Scribers
•Try Square : Parts
Use
•Divider : Parts
Use
Specification
Jenny Caliper : Constructional features
Types
Use
Punch : Name of different Marking Punch
Use
Hammers : Use
Parts
Types
Work Holding Device :
Banch Vice :
Parts & uses
Size
Vice Clamp
CUTTING TOOLS
•HACKSAW FRAME AND BLADE
•Types of Frame : Solid Frame
Adjustable Frame
•Hacksaw Blades :
•Introduction
•Types
•Pitch of Blade
ELEMENT OF A FILE
•Introduction :
•Material : HSS
•How to hold a File
•Parts of a File
TYPES OF CUT
•
Specification :
•
Cut
•
Grade : Rough, Bastard, Second Cut, Smooth, Dead Smooth
•
Shapes : Flat, Hand, Square, Triangular, Half Round, Knife Edge,
•
Size : 100 mm to 200 mm Light Work
200 mm to 450 mm Heavy Work
Types of Filing :
(1) Cross Filing
File of Pinning
(2) Straight Filing
(3) Draw Filing
DRILL
•
Material
•
Types : Parallel Shank and Taper Shank
•
Parts of Drill :
DRILL SIZE
Drill Size
•
Matric System & British System
•
Letter Drills : A / 5.944 mm to Z / 10.490 mm
•
Number Dril : 1 / 5.791 mm to 80 / 0.35 mm
Cutting Speed : V = JJ x D x N
Meter / Minut
1000
Feed :- REVOULUATION = THICKNESS OF METAL
CUTTING FEED
Drill Holding Divice : Slive, Socket, Chuck & Key Drift.
Drill Angle : Point Angle, Rake Angle, Helix Angle
Drill Specification :
Drill Defect & Causes :
•
Twist Drill
9.50
IS5101
HS
Types
Dia
ISNo.
Material
Drill Defect & Causes :
Oversize Holes
Over Heated Drills
Rough Hole
Unequal and Interrupted flow of chips
Split webs or broken drills
Drilling Machines
Banch Type
Pillar Type
HAND REAMERS
HAND REAMERS
Introduction :
Parts :
Drill Size for Reaming :
Reaming :
HAND TAP & TAP WRENCH INTERNAL THREADING
HAND TAP & TAP WRENCH (INTERNAL THREADING)
Introduction :
Material :
Parts :
Tape In Set : Taper, Intermidiate & Plug
Tape size Drill : Drill Dia = Tape Dia – 2 x 0.61p
Tape wrench :
DIE AND DIE STOCK EXTERNAL THREADING
Construction :
Types :
Die Stock : Types – Split Die Stock`
Adjustable Die Stock
STANDARD SCREW THREAD
V Thread Types :
V Thread Parts :
ISO Metric Thread :
ISO Inch Thread : (UNF)
BSW :
BSF :
BA :
BSP :
FASTNERS
Bolt :
Types – Hexagonal & Square
Nut :
Types – Hexagonal & Square
Washer :
Purpose
Types
Specification
Revet :
Introduction
Material
Types
LIMIT AND FITS
High Limit :
Law Limit :
Tolerance :
Fit :
Clearance Fit
Interference Fit
Transition Fit
SYNTHETIC ADHESIVE
Classification :
Thermoplastic Adhesives
Thermosetting adhesive
Thermoplastic Resins
Heat Activated
Thermoplastic Rubber
Solvent Activated
Impact Adhesives
LOCKING DEVICES
Lock Nut
Self Locking Nut
Wire Lock
Slotted and Castle Nut With Split Pin
Grooved Nut
Locking Nut
Lock – Washer with Lug
Tab Washers
Spring Washers
FOUNDATION BOLTS
Purpose :
Types :
Fixed Type
Removable Type
COE CHEMICAL SECTOR
ITI DASHRATH
THANKS