Hydroxy acids from sugars 10.12.2010 FuBio 2 workshop Group work results FuBio and a Finnish bio-economy “Wood health” (with Salwe Oy) FuBio 2 “Wood energy” (with Cleen Oy) “Wood products” (with FWR Oy) Building blocks of the Finnish bio-economy Production of hydroxy acids and products thereof Joint research 1 Products from dissolved cellulose Joint research 2 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2 End products (incl. purity) • • • • • No sense to start R&D for production of lactic, succinic, itaconic, fumaric and malic acid technologies to produce these are already at pilot or commercial scale Glycolic acid; Merja Penttilä: Glycolic acid is, yet, fairly easy in respect to IPR; Mika Härkönen: Interesting polymer properties; Glyoxylate: perhaps interesting for dissolution of cellulose Itaconic acid; perhaps from other sugars (not glucose) 3-Hydroxy butyrate (hydroxy valerate): LAB-based technology available through Aalto; Hemi-based sugar acids: biotech-technology for xylonic acid developed at VTT, also other similar sugar acids (done within CoE White Biotech-Green Chemistry); Catalytic routes will be studied at University of Helsinki (Leskelä). 3 Routes to glycolic acid • Possibilities: – – – – • Fermentation from C5 or C6 Enzymatic? Acetic acid chloroacetic acid Acetylene trichloroethylene Fermentation: – Bacterium; Con: not acid tolerant product as salt; Roquette & Metabolic Explorer working on this topic – Yeast; pH can go down to app 2; Innovation notification in FuBio 1 – Mould ; pH can go down to app 2; Also studied in FuBio 1 4 GA: Raw materials • • • C5 and C6 sugars can be used Yeast and mould can ferment most C5 and C6 (S. cerevisiae ferment only C6) Industrial sources: – Molasses (until lignocellulose technology is ready); crystalline sugar at app. 0.4 EUR/kg; molasses should be a little cheaper – FibreEtOH (mainly cellulose, i.e. C6, some C5) – Joint research 2 PHWE R&D 5 GA: Purification & by-products • • • If molasses: cells, GA, Na-GA, residual nutrients, acetic acid? Step 1: solid-liquid separation Step 1: Esterification, distillation, etc. 6 GA: Competences • In Finland – – – – • Metabolic engineering (VTT) Enzymology (UEF, VTT) Fermentation processes (VTT, Aalto, Oulu) DSP (VTT, Oulu, JY, Danisco/Finex, LUT) Lacking competences – ?? 7 Routes to 3-hydroxy butyrate • Possibilities: – – – – • Fermentation from C5 or C6 Enzymatic? X? X? Fermentation: – Bacterium; Several bacteria; Aalto LAB-technology a new approach – Yeast; some groups active – Mould; ? 8 HB: Raw materials • • C5 and C6 sugars can be used (bacteria) Industrial sources: – Molasses (until lignocellulose technology is ready) – FibreEtOH (mainly cellulose, some C5) – Joint research 2 PHWE R&D 9 HB: Purification & by-products • • • If molasses: cells, HB, Na-HB, nutrients, actetic acid? Step 1: solid-liquid separation Step 1: Esterification, distillation, etc. 10 HB: Competences • In Finland – – – – • Metabolic engineering (VTT; Aalto) Enzymology (UEF, VTT) Fermentation processes (VTT, Aalto, OY) DSP (VTT, OY, JY, Danisco/Finex, LUT) Lacking competences – ?? 11