Cutnell/Johnson
Physics 7th edition
Classroom Response System Questions
Chapter 12 Temperature and Heat
Interactive Lecture Questions
12.1.1. Three thermometers are used to measure the temperature inside a closed,
insulated box. Thermometer A is calibrated in Fahrenheit degrees, thermometer
B in Celsius degrees, and thermometer C in Kelvins. When the thermometers
reach thermal equilibrium with the interior of the box, B reads 40 C and C
reads 233 K. Which one of the following statements is necessarily true?
a) Thermometer C should read 233 K.
b) Thermometer A must read –40 °F.
c) If the temperature of the interior of the box is increased until A reads 20 F,
thermometer B will read 10 C.
d) Thermometer B should read 77 C.
e) If the temperature of the interior of the box is increased until C reads 293 K,
thermometer A will read 36 F.
12.1.1. Three thermometers are used to measure the temperature inside a closed,
insulated box. Thermometer A is calibrated in Fahrenheit degrees, thermometer
B in Celsius degrees, and thermometer C in Kelvins. When the thermometers
reach thermal equilibrium with the interior of the box, B reads 40 C and C
reads 233 K. Which one of the following statements is necessarily true?
a) Thermometer C should read 233 K.
b) Thermometer A must read –40 °F.
c) If the temperature of the interior of the box is increased until A reads 20 F,
thermometer B will read 10 C.
d) Thermometer B should read 77 C.
e) If the temperature of the interior of the box is increased until C reads 293 K,
thermometer A will read 36 F.
12.1.2. Unsatisfied with the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales,
you decide to create your own. On your temperature scale, the ice
point is 77 M and the steam point is at 437 M, where “M” stands
for “my scale.” What temperature on your scale corresponds to 68
F?
a) 154 M
b) 168 M
c) 140 M
d) 136 M
e) 149 M
12.1.2. Unsatisfied with the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales,
you decide to create your own. On your temperature scale, the ice
point is 77 M and the steam point is at 437 M, where “M” stands
for “my scale.” What temperature on your scale corresponds to 68
F?
a) 154 M
b) 168 M
c) 140 M
d) 136 M
e) 149 M
12.2.1. Unsatisfied with the Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales,
you decide to create your own. On your temperature scale, the ice
point is 0.0 M and the steam point is at 366.1 M, where “M”
stands for “my scale.” What temperature on your scale
corresponds to 0 K?
a) 273.1 M
b) 500.0 M
c) 1000.0 M
d) 732.4 M
e) 633.9 M
12.2.1. Unsatisfied with the Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales,
you decide to create your own. On your temperature scale, the ice
point is 0.0 M and the steam point is at 366.1 M, where “M”
stands for “my scale.” What temperature on your scale
corresponds to 0 K?
a) 273.1 M
b) 500.0 M
c) 1000.0 M
d) 732.4 M
e) 633.9 M
12.3.1. Which one of the following properties is not likely to be used
as a temperature-sensitive property to construct a thermometer?
a) The volume of a liquid increases with increasing temperature.
b) A gas held within a constant volume container exhibits pressure
changes with corresponding temperature changes.
c) The length of a metal rod changes linearly with temperature.
d) The mass of a solid decreases with increasing temperature.
e) The electrical resistance of a wire increases with increasing
temperature.
12.3.1. Which one of the following properties is not likely to be used
as a temperature-sensitive property to construct a thermometer?
a) The volume of a liquid increases with increasing temperature.
b) A gas held within a constant volume container exhibits pressure
changes with corresponding temperature changes.
c) The length of a metal rod changes linearly with temperature.
d) The mass of a solid decreases with increasing temperature.
e) The electrical resistance of a wire increases with increasing
temperature.
12.4.1. An artist wishes to insert a gold pin into a hole in an iron sculpture and have it
held permanently. The pin is slightly larger than the hole. The coefficient of linear
thermal expansion of gold is slightly larger than that of iron. Consider the following
options: (1) increase the temperature of the pin and the sculpture by the same
amount, (2) decrease the temperature of the pin and the sculpture by the same
amount, (3) increase the temperature of the pin and decrease the temperature of the
sculpture, and (4) decrease the temperature of the pin and increase the temperature
of the sculpture. Which of the choices would most likely accomplish the artist’s
task?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
e) 2 and 4
12.4.1. An artist wishes to insert a gold pin into a hole in an iron sculpture and have it
held permanently. The pin is slightly larger than the hole. The coefficient of linear
thermal expansion of gold is slightly larger than that of iron. Consider the following
options: (1) increase the temperature of the pin and the sculpture by the same
amount, (2) decrease the temperature of the pin and the sculpture by the same
amount, (3) increase the temperature of the pin and decrease the temperature of the
sculpture, and (4) decrease the temperature of the pin and increase the temperature
of the sculpture. Which of the choices would most likely accomplish the artist’s
task?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
e) 2 and 4
12.4.2. The length of an aluminum pendulum in a certain clock is 0.2480 m
on a day when the temperature is 23.30 C. This length was chosen so
that the period of the pendulum is exactly 1.000 s. The clock is then
hung on a wall where the temperature is 5.00 C and set to the correct
local time. Assuming the acceleration due to gravity is the same at both
locations, by how much time is the clock incorrect after one day at this
temperature?
a) 69.3 s
b) 115 s
c) 87.2 s
d) 31.0 s
e) 11.5 s
12.4.2. The length of an aluminum pendulum in a certain clock is 0.2480 m
on a day when the temperature is 23.30 C. This length was chosen so
that the period of the pendulum is exactly 1.000 s. The clock is then
hung on a wall where the temperature is 5.00 C and set to the correct
local time. Assuming the acceleration due to gravity is the same at both
locations, by how much time is the clock incorrect after one day at this
temperature?
a) 69.3 s
b) 115 s
c) 87.2 s
d) 31.0 s
e) 11.5 s
12.4.3. A rod of length L is heated so that its temperature increases by
T. As a result, the length of the rod increases by L. The rod is
then cut into two pieces, one of length L/3 and one of length 2L/3.
What is the ratio of the change in length of the rod of length 2L/3
to L of the original rod when its temperature is increased by T?
a) 1/3
b) 2/3
c) 1
d) 3/2
e) 3
12.4.3. A rod of length L is heated so that its temperature increases by
T. As a result, the length of the rod increases by L. The rod is
then cut into two pieces, one of length L/3 and one of length 2L/3.
What is the ratio of the change in length of the rod of length 2L/3
to L of the original rod when its temperature is increased by T?
a) 1/3
b) 2/3
c) 1
d) 3/2
e) 3
12.5.1. Which one of the following statements is the best explanation for the
fact that metal pipes that carry water often burst during cold winter
months?
a) Both the metal and the water expand, but the water expands to a greater
extent.
b) Water contracts upon freezing while the metal expands at lower
temperatures.
c) The metal contracts to a greater extent than the water.
d) The interior of the pipe contracts less than the outside of the pipe.
e) Water expands upon freezing while the metal contracts at lower
temperatures.
12.5.1. Which one of the following statements is the best explanation for the
fact that metal pipes that carry water often burst during cold winter
months?
a) Both the metal and the water expand, but the water expands to a greater
extent.
b) Water contracts upon freezing while the metal expands at lower
temperatures.
c) The metal contracts to a greater extent than the water.
d) The interior of the pipe contracts less than the outside of the pipe.
e) Water expands upon freezing while the metal contracts at lower
temperatures.
12.5.2. Consider the four blocks made from the same material that are
shown in the drawing. The sides have lengths of L, 2L, or 3L.
Rank these blocks according to their expected increase, largest to
smallest, in their volumes when their temperatures are increased
by the same amount.
a) B > C > A > D
b) C > B > A > D
c) D > C > A > B
d) C > D > B > A
e) All would have the same increase in volume.
12.5.2. Consider the four blocks made from the same material that are
shown in the drawing. The sides have lengths of L, 2L, or 3L.
Rank these blocks according to their expected increase, largest to
smallest, in their volumes when their temperatures are increased
by the same amount.
a) B > C > A > D
b) C > B > A > D
c) D > C > A > B
d) C > D > B > A
e) All would have the same increase in volume.
12.7.1. A certain amount of heat Q is added to materials A, B, and C. The
masses of these three materials are 0.04 kg, 0.01 kg, and 0.02 kg,
respectively. The temperature of material A increases by 4.0 C while
the temperature of the other two materials increases by only 3.0 C.
Rank these three materials from the largest specific heat capacity to
the smallest value.
a) A > B > C
b) C > B > A
c) B > A > C
d) B = C > A
e) A > B = C
12.7.1. A certain amount of heat Q is added to materials A, B, and C. The
masses of these three materials are 0.04 kg, 0.01 kg, and 0.02 kg,
respectively. The temperature of material A increases by 4.0 C while
the temperature of the other two materials increases by only 3.0 C.
Rank these three materials from the largest specific heat capacity to
the smallest value.
a) A > B > C
b) C > B > A
c) B > A > C
d) B = C > A
e) A > B = C
12.7.2. A swimming pool has a width of 9.0 m and a length of 12.0 m.
The depth of the water is 1.83 m. One morning, the temperature of
the pool water was 15.0 C. The water then absorbed 2.00  109 J
of heat from the Sun. What is the final temperature of the water?
Assume no heat loss to the surroundings.
a) 16.9 C
b) 18.1 C
c) 17.4 C
d) 19.6 C
e) 20.2 C
12.7.2. A swimming pool has a width of 9.0 m and a length of 12.0 m.
The depth of the water is 1.83 m. One morning, the temperature of
the pool water was 15.0 C. The water then absorbed 2.00  109 J
of heat from the Sun. What is the final temperature of the water?
Assume no heat loss to the surroundings.
a) 16.9 C
b) 18.1 C
c) 17.4 C
d) 19.6 C
e) 20.2 C
12.7.3. Which of the following substances would be the most effective
in cooling 0.300 kg of water at 98 C?
a) 0.100 kg of lead at 22 C
b) 0.100 kg of water at 22 C
c) 0.100 kg of glass at 22 C
d) 0.100 kg of aluminum at 22 C
e) 0.100 kg of copper at 22 C
12.7.3. Which of the following substances would be the most effective
in cooling 0.300 kg of water at 98 C?
a) 0.100 kg of lead at 22 C
b) 0.100 kg of water at 22 C
c) 0.100 kg of glass at 22 C
d) 0.100 kg of aluminum at 22 C
e) 0.100 kg of copper at 22 C
12.7.4. Britanny’s normal body temperature is 36.5 C. When she
recently became ill, her body temperature increased to 38.0 C.
What was the minimum amount of heat required for this increase
in body temperature if her weight is 561 N?
a) 2.96  106 J
b) 3.50  103 J
c) 4.98  104 J
d) 3.00  105 J
e) 7.60  105 J
12.7.4. Britanny’s normal body temperature is 36.5 C. When she
recently became ill, her body temperature increased to 38.0 C.
What was the minimum amount of heat required for this increase
in body temperature if her weight is 561 N?
a) 2.96  106 J
b) 3.50  103 J
c) 4.98  104 J
d) 3.00  105 J
e) 7.60  105 J
12.7.5. Four 1-kg cylinders are heated to 100 C and placed on top of a block
of paraffin wax, which melts at 63 C. There is one cylinder made from
lead, one of copper, one of aluminum, and one of iron. After a few
minutes, it is observed that the cylinders have sunk into the paraffin to
differing depths. Rank the depths of the cylinders from deepest to
shallowest.
a) lead > iron > copper > aluminum
b) aluminum > copper > lead > iron
c) aluminum > iron > copper > lead
d) copper > aluminum > iron > lead
e) iron > copper > lead > aluminum
12.7.5. Four 1-kg cylinders are heated to 100 C and placed on top of a block
of paraffin wax, which melts at 63 C. There is one cylinder made from
lead, one of copper, one of aluminum, and one of iron. After a few
minutes, it is observed that the cylinders have sunk into the paraffin to
differing depths. Rank the depths of the cylinders from deepest to
shallowest.
a) lead > iron > copper > aluminum
b) aluminum > copper > lead > iron
c) aluminum > iron > copper > lead
d) copper > aluminum > iron > lead
e) iron > copper > lead > aluminum
12.8.1. Heat is added to a substance, but its temperature does not
increase. Which one of the following statements provides the best
explanation for this observation?
a) The substance has unusual thermal properties.
b) The substance must be cooler than its environment.
c) The substance must be a gas.
d) The substance must be an imperfect solid.
e) The substance undergoes a change of phase.
12.8.1. Heat is added to a substance, but its temperature does not
increase. Which one of the following statements provides the best
explanation for this observation?
a) The substance has unusual thermal properties.
b) The substance must be cooler than its environment.
c) The substance must be a gas.
d) The substance must be an imperfect solid.
e) The substance undergoes a change of phase.
12.8.2. What is the final temperature when 2.50  105 J are added to
0.950 kg of ice at 0.0 C?
a) 0.0 C
b) 4.2 C
c) 15.7 C
d) 36.3 C
e) 62.8 C
12.8.2. What is the final temperature when 2.50  105 J are added to
0.950 kg of ice at 0.0 C?
a) 0.0 C
b) 4.2 C
c) 15.7 C
d) 36.3 C
e) 62.8 C
12.8.3. By adding 25 kJ to solid material A, 4.0 kg will melt. By
adding 50 kJ to solid material B, 6.0 kg will melt. Solid material C
requires 30 kJ to melt 3.0 kg. Which of these materials, if any, has
the largest value for the heat of fusion?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) A = B
12.8.3. By adding 25 kJ to solid material A, 4.0 kg will melt. By
adding 50 kJ to solid material B, 6.0 kg will melt. Solid material C
requires 30 kJ to melt 3.0 kg. Which of these materials, if any, has
the largest value for the heat of fusion?
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) A = B
12.8.4. Consider the system shown in the drawing. A test tube containing
water is inserted into boiling water. Will the water in the test tube
eventually boil?
a) Yes, heat is continually transferred to the
water inside the test tube and eventually it
will boil?
b) Yes, the pressure above the water in the test
tube will be reduced to less than atmospheric
pressure and cause the water to boil.
c) No, heat will only be transferred until the water in the test tube is 100 C.
d) No, the temperature of the water in the test tube will never reach 100 C.
12.8.4. Consider the system shown in the drawing. A test tube containing
water is inserted into boiling water. Will the water in the test tube
eventually boil?
a) Yes, heat is continually transferred to the
water inside the test tube and eventually it
will boil?
b) Yes, the pressure above the water in the test
tube will be reduced to less than atmospheric
pressure and cause the water to boil.
c) No, heat will only be transferred until the water in the test tube is 100 C.
d) No, the temperature of the water in the test tube will never reach 100 C.