DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Unit 2 Health and Well-being Reading Recognising and understanding tone and attitude Tackling tone and attitude questions EXAM SKILLS Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Writing Giving advice Activity 6 Argumentative writing: two-sided arguments Activity 7 Activity 8 Practice Paper Paper 1 – Part A Part B1 Paper 2 – Part A Part B Part B2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 1 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing READING GENERAL SKILLS Recognising and understanding tone and attitude In this unit, you are going to learn how a writer can use language to create the tone of a piece of writing. U2.2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 2 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Tone Tone refers to a piece of writing’s style and mood. It is affected by: • the audience – the reader • the writer’s purpose The writer’s purpose may be, for example, to: • inform • entertain • complain • persuade • sympathise • warn U2.2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 3 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Read the following information, paying attention to how the tone matches the writer’s purpose. U2.2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 4 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing PURPOSE tone (semi-) formal, objective to inform e.g. a textbook tone formal, serious, critical, concise, direct to complain e.g. a complaint letter tone to persuade (semi-) formal, persuasive e.g. a promotional flyer U2.2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 5 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing tone (semi-) formal, informal to entertain e.g. comic books tone (semi-) formal, sincere to sympathise e.g. a condolence letter* * a special type of letter usually sent to offer sympathy if someone has died U2.2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 6 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing It is possible for a text to have more than one purpose and/or a combination of tones. U2.2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 7 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing The language used in a text should reflect the writer’s purpose. Let’s look at two examples of this. U2.3 http://www.aristo.com.hk 8 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 1 The writer’s purpose is to inform; the language used is objective and the third person is used. U2.3 http://www.aristo.com.hk 9 Unit 2 Health and Well-being 2 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Your participation in the Child Sponsorship Programme can help restore the hope and happiness of poor children like Sarath. For just HK$7 a day, you can provide a child in a developing country with basic healthcare, education, clean water and nutrition. Your donation will make a difference to a child’s life and help the child’s family and community reach self-sufficiency. ■ The writer’s purpose is to persuade; the language used is subjective; the writer ‘talks’ to the reader directly by using the ‘we/you’ approach. U2.3 http://www.aristo.com.hk 10 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Let’s look at examples of how language is used to create tone. U2.4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 11 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing <news article> language use The writer uses: • persuasive vocabulary • subjective language (examples highlighted in text) tone The writer’s tone is: • persuasive • critical • semi-formal U2.4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 12 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing The writer is negative about smoking and positive about the anti-smoking campaign. U2.4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 13 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing <news editorial> EDITORIAL The writer expresses his/her concern for American children’s health. 1 A recent study has shown that the youth of America are dangerously unfit. Our children must get in shape or face a lifetime fraught with illness. Parents, educators and society must pay heed to this warning. We all have a role to play to improve the health and livelihood of our children. U2.4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 14 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 2 The frightening results of the study released on Wednesday show that a third of the teenagers tested completely failed a The writer uses facts to show shocking results, and strong adjectives to show his/her opinion. simple eight minute fitness test. If projected over the entire teenage population, this would mean a staggering seven million youngsters in the US alone will be facing a dangerously high risk of heart disease later in life. 3 Last year, the American Obesity Association reported that 15.5 percent of US teens are obese, an unacceptably high increase since data was last released 25 years ago. U2.4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 15 Unit 2 Health and Well-being The writer praises Overtown Public School, informing the readers of the measures they have taken. However, he/she also states that more needs to be done. DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 4 To its credit, one school, Overtown Public, has already taken action, hiring social workers, a fitness instructor and a nurse to examine students. The school provides information to students that promotes the benefits of healthy eating and physical activity. These are signs of a community battling a serious threat, but it must be followed by schools across the country before any meaningful progress can be made. The tone is critical, informative and semi-formal. U2.4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 16 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing EXAM SKILLS Tackling tone and attitude questions There are a variety of ways to test your understanding of tone and attitude in a text in the Exam. You may be asked questions about: • the attitude of the writer • words or phrases that suggest attitude • the overall tone of a text • attitudes of people mentioned in a text U2.5 http://www.aristo.com.hk 17 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Understanding the context Context refers to the words and phrases around an idea or a thought. Without context, a reader cannot easily identify how a writer feels. However, once a thought is supported by a context, it is easy to identify tone and attitude. U2.5 http://www.aristo.com.hk 18 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Study the main ideas in the examples below. U2.5 http://www.aristo.com.hk 19 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 1 MAIN IDEA Thailand was hot. The weather was perfect! I couldn’t stand it! (= the writer liked the weather) (= the weather was too hot for the writer) U2.5 http://www.aristo.com.hk 20 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 2 MAIN IDEA Hong Kong is small. It’s so easy to get around! (= the writer thinks Hong Kong’s size is a benefit) I feel trapped! (= the writer does not like being in a small place) U2.5 http://www.aristo.com.hk 21 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Activity 1 Read the following excerpt of a text and then answer questions 1 – 4. U2.5 http://www.aristo.com.hk 22 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Tired of ‘the body beautiful’ Well, I don’t know about you, but I’ve had just about enough of the endless stream of advertisements filled with ‘healthy’ and ‘beautiful’ people … I’m talking about all advertisements: watches, washing powders and even wireless Internet connections. Regardless of what is being sold, a tiny skinny model with ridiculously white teeth and a fake orange tan like an Oompa Loompa is used to get our attention. I don’t understand why companies should tell us what a healthy body looks like. Isn’t a healthy body what a normal person who eats well and exercises has – not a chopstick-thin supermodel who hasn’t eaten for weeks? What is a healthy body? Well it is certainly not what advertisers are showing us. U2.5 http://www.aristo.com.hk 23 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 1. Is this text subjective or objective? 2. What is the purpose of this text? subjective A. to describe health advertisements B. to encourage us to buy beauty products C. to tell us how advertising works today D. to criticise advertising’s definition of ‘beauty’ A B C D U2.5 TEXT http://www.aristo.com.hk 24 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being 3. Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing The use of the words ‘healthy’ and ‘beautiful’ is … A. ironic B. admirable C. good-natured D. disappointing A B C D U2.5 TEXT http://www.aristo.com.hk 26 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being 4. Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Look at the text that has been underlined. The tone of the underlined text is … A. funny and informative B. sarcastic and critical C. encouraging and amusing D. persuasive and encouraging A B C D U2.5 TEXT http://www.aristo.com.hk 28 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being E X A M QUESTION T Y P E S Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing multiple-choice extended short questions response questions response questions matching questions U2.6 http://www.aristo.com.hk 30 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Tone and attitude questions in the Exam could be: • multiple-choice questions • extended response questions • short response questions • matching questions U2.6 http://www.aristo.com.hk 31 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing multiple-choice questions U2.6 http://www.aristo.com.hk 32 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Activity 2 Read the excerpt and example questions 1 and 2 shown below and on U2.7. Use the information in the strategy boxes to help you choose your answers. U2.6 http://www.aristo.com.hk 33 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Tommy looked at his watch for the twentieth time since the seminar had begun that morning. Tommy’s teacher had decided that they all needed to learn more about being healthy as the school was worried about rising levels of obesity and unhealthiness among the students. Tommy yawned as the speaker went on and on about eating the right foods, exercising more, avoiding junk food … the list was endless. Was there nothing fun that was healthy? After the seminar, if he walked quickly, he could get to the takeaway and buy chicken wings, noodles and an ice-cream. Now that was worth thinking about! U2.6 http://www.aristo.com.hk 34 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Examples <tone and attitude question> Choose the best answer and blacken ONE circle only. 1. Tommy is … A. disinterested in the seminar B. enjoying the seminar C. tired because of his walk D. looking forward to an invigorating walk A B C TIP STRATEGY BOX D Review the information in the strategy box on U2.7 for this question before choosing your answer! U2.6 http://www.aristo.com.hk 35 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Choose the best answer and blacken ONE circle only. 2. Tommy is … A. thinking about making changes to his diet B. going to take walks each day C. not benefiting from the seminar D. thinking about how to be more healthy A TIP B C D Review the information in the strategy box below for this question before choosing your answer! STRATEGY BOX U2.7 http://www.aristo.com.hk 38 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing extended response questions U2.8 http://www.aristo.com.hk 41 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Review the strategy below that you learned in Book 4 for tackling this question type. to answer extended response questions STRATEGY Read extended response questions carefully. Note the marks allocated – this may tell you how many points are needed in your answer. U2.8 http://www.aristo.com.hk 42 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Example Question: In what ways is a person’s body like a car? (3 marks) Is your engine running smoothly? Do you frequently stall? No – we don’t mean your car, we mean your body! Your body is like a finely tuned car engine. It needs good quality fuel to run efficiently, and it needs to be looked after with love and attention. If you neglect your car – it will break down. But … and this is a BIG but … a car can have parts removed and replaced; your body can’t. You only have one make the most of it! U2.8 http://www.aristo.com.hk 43 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Read the question and then thefirst text.read Notethe how 1 To complete a conversation, many marks the question is worth. entire conversation carefully. Then read the in the words & information you are given expression Look throughbox. the text to find three pieces of information that compare a car to a person’s body: • needs good quality fuel • needs to be looked after with love and attention • if you neglect it, it will break down U2.8 http://www.aristo.com.hk 44 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the question and your points to write your answer. ANSWER A person’s body is like a car – both need good quality fuel and to be looked after with love and attention. In addition, if a person neglects his or her body, it will break down just like a car would. U2.8 http://www.aristo.com.hk 45 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing short response questions U2.9 http://www.aristo.com.hk 46 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Review the strategy below that you learned in Book 4 for tackling short response questions. U2.9 http://www.aristo.com.hk 47 Unit 2 Health and Well-being to answer short response questions DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing STRATEGY Read short response questions carefully. Identify the key information you need to look for. Write a short response, not a long and detailed answer. Do exactly what the question asks you to do – if you are asked for two pieces of information, give two. U2.9 http://www.aristo.com.hk 48 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Activity 3 Read the following article and then answer the questions. U2.9 http://www.aristo.com.hk 49 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Do you sleep enough? Shockingly, most students neglect this important part of their health and well-being. How do they hope to achieve good results at school when they’re tired – even before the school day starts! Students will tell you how important their diet is, how they must exercise regularly to maintain their health and how important studying is. Do any of them mention sleep? No, but they’ll tell you they’re tired and that they sometimes fall asleep in class! A chronic lack of sleep has serious side-effects. These include drowsiness, irritability, forgetfulness, inability to concentrate, weight gain, depression … and more! So next time you feel tired and drowsy – consider getting a good night’s sleep … ZZZZZ U2.9 http://www.aristo.com.hk 50 Unit 2 Health and Well-being 1. DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing How would you describe the tone of this text? persuasive 2. What does the writer think most students would say if asked, ‘Do you sleep enough?’ (The writer thinks) Most students would say no. U2.9 http://www.aristo.com.hk 51 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being 3. Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Name one side-effect of insufficient sleep. (Choose ONE only) drowsiness, irritability, forgetfulness, inability to concentrate, weight gain, depression The question asks for one item – only write one! U2.9 http://www.aristo.com.hk 52 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing matching questions U2.10 http://www.aristo.com.hk 53 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Review the strategy below that you learned in Book 4 for tackling matching questions. U2.10 http://www.aristo.com.hk 54 Unit 2 Health and Well-being to answer matching questions DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing STRATEGY Read all parts of the question carefully before beginning your answers. DON’T write your answers before you have finished reading. If you do this, you may find there are parts you cannot find an answer for when you reach the end of the question. U2.10 http://www.aristo.com.hk 55 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Activity 4 Read the text and then answer the question. U2.10 http://www.aristo.com.hk 56 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Question: Match each sentence with the correct person from the list below. Write A, B and C in the appropriate spaces. Tommy B Mr Wong A Ms So C A is concerned about Tommy’s eating habits. B decided to eat the healthier lunch option. C is worried about Tommy’s health. U2.10 TEXT http://www.aristo.com.hk 57 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing You may have a question that asks you to match replies or responses to messages or paragraphs. Use the same strategy to answer this type of question. U2.10 http://www.aristo.com.hk 58 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Activity 5 Here are some comments from students about a health promotion week in their school. Read them carefully. Answer the example short response question that follows. U2.11 http://www.aristo.com.hk 63 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being A. C. Wasn’t Health Promotion Week fun? I really enjoyed all the activities and learned so much. It was great to learn more about healthy eating. I feel motivated to make some big changes to my lifestyle! Do you think we could have a follow up noticeboard? It could have messages and tips on it about what small healthy changes we could make each week. Then we can continue to make healthy changes in our lives. Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing B. D. I also loved it! It was great to try many different kinds of sports and activities. I learned lots about what snacks are healthy! Do other schools hold Health Promotion Week? It would be good to know what other schools do, and also if it was possible to run some shared activities. U2.11 http://www.aristo.com.hk 64 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Read the entire question before you begin writing your answers. U2.11 http://www.aristo.com.hk 65 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Question: Read the following replies, matching each with ONE of the messages from the text above. Use each letter once only. The first one is given to you as an example. U2.11 http://www.aristo.com.hk 66 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing I think they do – I have friends in different schools who say that they also have a Health Promotion Week. I’ll ask them what they do and let you know. Mmm – it was good, but not that good … I enjoyed it but I think only being healthy for one week is not very useful. D A U2.11 COMMENTS http://www.aristo.com.hk 67 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Great idea! We’re supposed to learn from the activities and then try to continue to be healthy. It’s not just for one week – it’s one week to show us what we can do to be more healthy. I’d love to read tips and messages that help me maintain a healthier lifestyle. C U2.11 COMMENTS http://www.aristo.com.hk 69 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing I learned a lot about snacks too, but I think we should try to make small healthy changes all the time, and not just during Health Promotion Week. I would like to take part in different sports and activities regularly! B U2.11 COMMENTS http://www.aristo.com.hk 71 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing WRITING Giving advice You may have received letters or emails from friends asking for advice. You may have written an email or a letter where you gave advice. Letters or emails that give advice may be semi-formal or informal, depending on the situation. They usually try to help someone deal with a problem. U2.12 http://www.aristo.com.hk 73 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing When writing a letter or email that gives advice, you should: • be sympathetic Show sympathy for your reader’s problem(s). • be constructive Give useful comments and useful suggestions. • support the reader Offer advice to a friend – he or she will appreciate your support. • offer encouragement Encourage your reader to have hope and be positive. U2.12 http://www.aristo.com.hk 74 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Format & language choices A letter or an email giving advice could be a personal letter or email. The format and language choices for these are the same. The tone should be sympathetic and persuasive. You can decide which format* you would like to use. It is important to be consistent and not mix formats together. * Refer to the Writing Templates for two common formats used in writing letters/emails. U2.12 http://www.aristo.com.hk 75 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Getting ready to write 1 Plan Ask yourself questions when you are planning, for example, • Who are you writing to? • What is the relationship between you and your reader? • What format are you going to use? • What is the purpose of your writing? • What information do you need to include? • What will be the tone of your letter or email? U2.12 http://www.aristo.com.hk 76 Unit 2 Health and Well-being 2 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Organise Review the language choices below to see how they fit into the organisation of your content. U2.13 http://www.aristo.com.hk 77 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Organisation Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Language Examples Salutation Dear/Hi (given name) Opening Thanks for your email … Thanks for your letter … You seem to be worried about … I’d like to give you some suggestions that might help. Can I give you some advice? U2.13 http://www.aristo.com.hk 78 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Body DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing You mentioned that … I understand how you must feel … As for your worries about … I suggest that … Regarding … You might try to … Have you thought about … As for the problem with … Why don’t you try … I think you should … U2.13 http://www.aristo.com.hk 79 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Closing remark Complimentary close & name Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing I really hope my advice is useful. I don’t think you should worry so much about … Hopefully, things will improve/start to get better very soon. Regards Love Yours sincerely* Best wishes All the best *Note: ‘Yours sincerely’ is formal. You would not use this if you were writing to your friends or your family. U2.13 http://www.aristo.com.hk 80 Unit 2 Health and Well-being 3 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Draft Let’s look at a sample letter of advice. U2.14 http://www.aristo.com.hk 81 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Situation: Your friend, Susan, has sent you a letter saying that she is very worried about her exams. She studies until midnight every night and then gets up early to study before school. She feels depressed because her grades are dropping, even though she is working so hard. Write a letter to your friend giving her advice. U2.14 http://www.aristo.com.hk 82 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing salutation Hi Susan opening - refer to letter, state writer’s purpose Thanks for your letter. I’m very sorry to hear that you’re feeling depressed and tired. You’re working very hard, but are you working efficiently? Can I give you some advice? U2.14 http://www.aristo.com.hk 83 Unit 2 Health and Well-being body - each problem is dealt with in a paragraph; the suggestions and comments are sympathetic, constructive, supportive and encouraging DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing You mentioned in your letter that you study after school and also each morning before school. This is fine, but make sure you get enough sleep. If you don’t have enough sleep, you won’t be able to concentrate. You may start to feel depressed and irritable, and your grades may start to drop. I think this is what you’re experiencing. U2.14 http://www.aristo.com.hk 84 Unit 2 Health and Well-being body - each problem is dealt with in a paragraph; the suggestions and comments are sympathetic, constructive, supportive and encouraging DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Why not set a time limit on your studies? Try studying only from 6.00-9.00 pm in the evening. Once you finish studying, perhaps you could do some light exercise or chat with your family and relax? Try to get to bed at a reasonable time. You will wake up feeling refreshed and ready for school. U2.14 http://www.aristo.com.hk 85 Unit 2 Health and Well-being body - each problem is dealt with in a paragraph; the suggestions and comments are sympathetic, constructive, supportive and encouraging DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing I’m worried that you’re getting up too early in the morning. Instead of getting up early to study before school, why not read when you are travelling to school? For example, you could read on the MTR. As for your falling grades, I think these will improve when you get enough sleep. I also get stressed because of my grades, so I understand how you feel. U2.14 http://www.aristo.com.hk 86 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being closing remark - expresses hope and is encouraging complimentary close name Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Try my suggestions and see how you get on. I’m sure things will improve soon! But remember – don’t suffer in silence – talk to someone to help work things out. Any problem can be overcome with a little help. That’s what friends are for! Drop me a line* to let me know how things are going. Best wishes Sam * Drop me a line = write to me http://www.aristo.com.hk U2.14 87 Unit 2 Health and Well-being 4 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Check & edit This is an essential step in the writing process. Many students read their work but they do not check it. First, check that your writing is complete. Then edit it and check your language use. Make sure the tone of your writing is appropriate. U2.15 http://www.aristo.com.hk 88 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Activity 6 Your friend, Michael, has stopped exercising and is eating lots of fast food and junk food. You have noticed that he is gaining weight and seems quite miserable. You know how much he loves playing table tennis and he has stopped playing. Write an email to your friend giving him advice. Use the notes in the blue column to guide your writing. U2.15 http://www.aristo.com.hk 89 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Salutation Hi Michael Opening I’m sorry that you haven’t been playing table tennis lately – the team is missing you! But actually Michael, I’m a little worried about you. I hope you don’t mind me saying this, but I’ve noticed that you are <refer to situation/ background; state writer’s purpose> gaining weight and seem quite miserable. Can I give you some advice? U2.15 http://www.aristo.com.hk 90 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Body <each problem is dealt with in a paragraph; the suggestions and comments are sympathetic, constructive and supportive> Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing It’s quite hard sometimes to just eat healthy food and stay away from junk food or fast food. Yes, it’s tasty but it’s not good to eat it every day. I also love fast food, but I only allow myself to have it once a week. U2.15 http://www.aristo.com.hk 91 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Body Do you buy your breakfast on the way to <each problem is dealt with in a paragraph; the suggestions and comments are sympathetic, constructive and supportive> school? There’s a great shop nearby that sells congee, different kinds of fresh fruit juice and fruit. I buy my breakfast there each day. I have more energy in the morning during class, and I’ve found this is also a nutritious meal that helps me maintain a healthy body weight. U2.15 http://www.aristo.com.hk 92 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Body <each problem is dealt with in a paragraph; the suggestions and comments are sympathetic, constructive and supportive> Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing At lunchtime I allow myself to only have one serving of food in the canteen. I adore chicken wings and noodles, but I make sure I don’t have seconds! Then after lunch, I walk around the playground or play table tennis. I find this helps control my weight and I also get some exercise. Why don’t we do this together? U2.15 http://www.aristo.com.hk 93 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Body <each problem is dealt with in a paragraph; the suggestions and comments are sympathetic, constructive and supportive> Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Finally – table tennis, Michael! You LOVE it but you’re not playing. I think you feel that because you’ve gained weight, you’re going to be no good at it. But that’s not true! We all miss you and want you to come back and play. Why don’t you join us after school and play? You’ll get fitter and feel better if you do this regularly. U2.15 http://www.aristo.com.hk 94 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Closing remark <the comments express hope and are encouraging> Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Losing weight can be tough. But you can do it! Try my suggestions and see how you get on. Problems can be overcome with help, and that’s what friends are for! Try out the breakfast I suggested. See if you like it and keep me posted. Complimentary close & name Cheers! Charles U2.15 http://www.aristo.com.hk 95 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Argumentative writing: two-sided arguments You have learned that argumentative writing is persuasive writing in Book 4. In this unit, you are going to learn how to write a two-sided argument. U2.16 http://www.aristo.com.hk 96 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing An issue or a topic can be seen from more than one point of view. In the Exam, you may be asked to discuss a topic. Your answer will need to be a two-sided argument. This should show different points of view so that it is objective. A two-sided argument could be written as a: • debate speech • presentation speech U2.16 http://www.aristo.com.hk 97 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing A two-sided argument: • must present different sides of an issue • can have an opinion U2.16 http://www.aristo.com.hk 98 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Deciding on structure If you have an opinion on a topic or an issue given in a question, you have a choice in how you write your answer. You can: • present both sides and write objectively (i.e. do not give your point of view) OR • make your point of view clear (subjective) U2.16 http://www.aristo.com.hk 99 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing If you choose to make your point of view clear, be sure to respect other points of view; however, you can still challenge and refute (prove wrong) them. This is common in debates. U2.16 http://www.aristo.com.hk 100 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Presenting opinions When writing a two-sided argument, you can present your own ideas as well as the ideas of others. You can use other people’s ideas as counter-arguments or to back up your point of view. U2.16 http://www.aristo.com.hk 101 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing The debate speech below is in response to the motion: ‘The best way to keep fit is to go on a diet.’ U2.17 http://www.aristo.com.hk 102 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Read the speech and decide if it is objective or subjective. Write your answer in the space provided at the end of the speech. U2.17 http://www.aristo.com.hk 103 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being title Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing ‘The best way to keep fit is to go on a diet.’ People living in modern cities are often faced with the problem of being physically unfit, and some introduction believe that the best way to address this is to go on a diet. There are, however, other better and healthier ways in which to get fit. • gives background information • presents argument and other point(s) of view U2.17 http://www.aristo.com.hk 104 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Dieting usually means eating less. Many people who live and work in cities in fact do eat too much. They also do not do much, if any, exercise. Over-eating and a lack of exercise is how they become unfit. Dieting does not help a person become fit, it will body only result in weight change. Fitness means being physically healthy and strong. In fact, some people can be physically healthy and strong, but also be a little overweight. Fitness requires exercise, and it is important that people exercise regularly. • Objective? (strikes a balance in the number of arguments ‘for’ and ‘against’ the motion) OR • Subjective? (writer’s point of view has more points supporting it) U2.17 http://www.aristo.com.hk 105 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Exercise requires energy and energy comes from food. If someone reduces their food intake through dieting, they may not have enough energy to exercise. This is not a healthy way to live and can result in tiredness and a lack of energy. body Too much exercise can also be just as unhealthy. Intense exercising to control body weight can be dangerous. Our bodies need time to rest and recover. Too much exercise can lead to exhaustion and injuries, among other things. U2.17 http://www.aristo.com.hk 106 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing To conclude, dieting to get fit is foolish and can have negative side-effects. Instead, people need to ensure that conclusion they do not over- or under-eat. In addition, a healthy diet should accompany regular exercise. This is the best way to be both fit and healthy. • Objective? (gives objective comments for OR both sides) • Subjective? (sums up the arguments only for the writer’s point of view) This speech is subjective. U2.17 http://www.aristo.com.hk 107 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Activity 7 Read the following statements. Is the writer presenting his/her own idea or another person’s idea? Tick the appropriate box for each statement. U2.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 108 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Writer ’s idea Other people’s idea Some people argue that slimming pills are the best way to lose weight. ✓ Some people believe that the best way to keep fit is to go on a diet. ✓ Fitness means being physically healthy and strong. ✓ Something should be done to reduce obesity in young people. ✓ It has been said that today’s teenagers spend too much time indoors. ✓ According to research, being happy can help you live longer. ✓ Getting enough sleep is important. ✓ U2.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 109 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Language choices Your language choices and language use is important when writing a two-sided argument. You should: U2.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 110 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing have balance in your writing Express your opinion, but do not ridicule other opinions. Use phrases such as: On the one hand … Conversely … Some people believe that … On the other hand … In fact … Some people argue that … U2.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 111 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing not appear overly-confident Be careful not to sound arrogant when you state your opinions and views. To prevent this, use phrases such as: Perhaps … There might be … Maybe … There may possibly be … It could be claimed that … U2.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 112 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing use rhetorical questions Do tired students perform well in school? Of course not … Is being under-weight healthy? In fact, being under-weight has serious medical side-effects and is not at all healthy … Remember: do not use too many rhetorical questions in your writing. U2.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 113 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing use alliteration Alliteration is a repeated sound at the beginning of words. Including alliteration in your writing can give it more impact, e.g., Dozing and daydreaming students do not perform well in school. She loves funny photographs.* * ‘funny’ and ‘photographs’ both begin with the sound /f/ U2.19 http://www.aristo.com.hk 114 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing use figurative language Try using similes, metaphors and personification, e.g., He is so thin, he looks like a chopstick! (simile) The battle between fast food and healthy food is only just beginning. (metaphor) The fried noodles called her name as she walked past the shop. (personification) Never translate figurative language from your home language to English – it is unlikely to make sense! Also, try not to use too much figurative language as it can make your writing hard to understand. U2.19 http://www.aristo.com.hk 115 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing pay attention to the tone of your writing The language you use will reflect the tone of your writing. The tone of your writing will reflect your point of view, e.g. (tone) Language choice concerned Sadly, troubled Worryingly, shocked/horrified Shockingly, many students do not know how to study effectively. U2.19 http://www.aristo.com.hk 116 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing use strong verbs and adjectives If you use strong verbs and adjectives, your opinions and point of view will appear stronger. However, remember that strong verbs and adjectives must be used in a polite and appropriate way. U2.19 http://www.aristo.com.hk 117 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing strong verbs and adjectives (stronger) Many people say … Many people claim … Our health is important. Our health is vital. One surprising fact is that … One shocking and revealing fact is that … U2.19 http://www.aristo.com.hk 118 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Activity 8 Read the following discussion topic: U2.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 119 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing ‘Slimming pills should be banned.’ Discuss. Below are notes for this topic. Use the notes to write a discussion speech. Note that there are more points ‘for’ than ‘against’ the motion. U2.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 120 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing FOR • benefits are short term • four out of ten people in recent survey said the pills worked at first and 50% of them said pills stopped working • studies show pills contain chemicals that add toxins to people’s bodies; these cause headaches, indigestion and sometimes more serious health problems • a recent television documentary discovered many slimming pills come from unknown sources and are manufactured in unhygienic conditions • many doctors say there’s no medical evidence that slimming pills work • a lot of evidence of side effects U2.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 121 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing AGAINST • work when taken under supervision • many slimming pill manufacturers use natural ingredients that are safe and don’t produce side effects • manufacturers of slimming products say their products are safe if taken according to instructions U2.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 122 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing ‘Slimming pills should be banned.’ Discuss. Taking slimming pills has become very popular in recent years. The media is full of slimming pill advertisements that target people who are desperate to change their physical appearance. However, there have been reports that many slimming pills have caused serious side effects. Is it time these pills were banned? U2.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 123 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Many advertisements for slimming pills boast that their ‘miraculous’ pills ‘really work’. It may be true that some of these pills are effective when they are first taken. However, such benefits are in fact short-lived. According to a recent survey, four out of ten people said the pills worked at first, but not over a long period of time. In fact, 50 percent of these interviewees said the pills stopped working. U2.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 124 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Often slimming pill manufacturers declare that their products only contain natural ingredients that are safe and that don’t produce negative side effects. Studies, however, show that many pills contain chemicals that add toxins to people’s bodies, causing headaches, indigestion and sometimes even more serious health problems. Furthermore, a recent television documentary discovered that many slimming pills come from unknown sources and are manufactured in unhygienic conditions. U2.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 125 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Manufacturers for slimming products claim that if their products are taken according to their instructions and under supervision, then they are safe. Many doctors disagree with this claim, stating that there is no medical evidence proving slimming pills actually work. Moreover, there is a considerable amount of evidence showing their side effects. U2.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 126 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Should slimming pills be banned? The medical profession and slimming pill manufacturers hold completely different points of view on this. Until there are clearer results available to prove the effectiveness of slimming pills, the health risks and side effects may be too high a price to pay simply to lose weight. U2.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 127 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing PRACTICE PAPER http://www.aristo.com.hk 128 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing PAPER 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 129 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Part A Part A is compulsory – you have to attempt all questions in it. Read Text 1 and answer questions 1-29. (64 marks) TEXT 1 P.1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 130 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 1. What does the article primarily discuss? A. the obesity problem in America B. the proposal of a soft-drink tax C. the Pigovian tax and how it works D. the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention A B C D P.1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 131 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 2. In which section of the newspaper would this text be featured? A. Business B. Education C. Health D. Entertainment A B C D P.1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 132 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 3. Look at the expression ‘an uphill battle’ used in the subheading. Decide which of the definitions below is closest in meaning. A. a profit maker B. a tough struggle C. an economic crisis D. a challenging game A B C D P.1 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 133 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 4. Which of the following best describes Peter Kammerer’s job? A. economist B. dietician C. journalist D. researcher A B C D P.1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 134 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 5. According to paragraph 1, what did the writer think caused his weight problem? i. Genetics. ii. Poor eating habits. iii. The nature of his work. A. (i) and (ii) only. B. (i) and (iii) only. C. (ii) and (iii) only. D. All of the above. A B C D P.1 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 135 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 6. Find words in paragraphs 1 and 2 which could be replaced by the following: (4 marks) a. new (1) novel (line 14) __________________________ b. effect (1) avail (line 5) __________________________ c. primary issue (1) priority (line 11) __________________________ (1) borderline (line 3) d. nearly, on the brink of__________________________ P.2 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 136 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 7. Peter Kammerer notes his soft drink drinking habit has undergone several phases. Complete the summaries below by underlining the correct options. One has been done for you as an example. (6 marks) P.2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 137 Unit 2 Health and Well-being 1st phase DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Peter Kammerer drank one or two cans of soft drinks (lines 34-35) ( sometimes / every day ) at work. The drinks made him feel better and (1) (lines 33-34) he felt that they would help ( boost / boast ) his mental energy levels. P.2 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 138 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) (lines 35-36) 2nd phase He was trying to ( lose / put on ) weight and, after learning that soft (1) (lines 29-31) drinks were a ( minor / major ) cause of weight gain, he switched to (1) (lines 35-36) ( herbal / diet ) drinks as he thought they would help him lose weight. P.2 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 139 Unit 2 Health and Well-being 3rd phase DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing He happened to read about US President Obama’s plan of (1) (lines 13-16) ( introducing / banning ) a soft-drink tax. Since then, he has been (1) (lines 88-89) drinking ( juice / water ). P.2 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 140 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 8. Name two ingredients generally found in soft drinks, according to paragraph 4. (0.5) high fructose corn syrup (line 28), (0.5) _______________________________________________ caffeine (line 29) _______________________________________________ P.2 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 141 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 9. What do the following figures refer to? Write your answers in the spaces below. (3 marks) a. US$24 billion (1) amount raised from a _______________________________ 3 US cent tax on sodas (line 20) _______________________________ b. US$1 trillion (1) amount needed for health _______________________________ care reforms (lines 21-22) _______________________________ c. US$150 billion (1) annual cost of obesity _______________________________ related illnesses (lines 84-85) _______________________________ P.2 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 142 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 10. What does the writer’s use of the word ‘generously’ in line 27 tell the reader about his opinion on the amount of sweeteners in soft drinks? The writer uses the word ‘generously’ to tell _______________________________________________ the reader that he thinks that there is too much _______________________________________________ sweetener in soft drinks. _______________________________________________ P.3 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 143 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 11. Find expressions in paragraphs 5 and 6 which mean the opposite of these words: (2 marks) a. few (1) a __________ host of (line 38) ________ _________ b. a dampener (1) a ____________ pick-me-up (line 33) ________ P.3 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 144 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 12. Decide whether the following statements are True, False or the information is Not Given. Put a tick (✓) in the appropriate column. (4 marks) Statement True Research proves that diet soft drinks cause obesity. (lines 53-54) Peter Kammerer supports taxing sugar, rum and tobacco The only reason for a soft-drink tax is to generate revenue. (lines 22-25) False NG (1) ✓ (1) ✓ (1) ✓ Adam Smith suggested taxing non-essential goods. (1) ✓ (lines 60-67) P.3 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 145 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 13. What does ‘They’ in line 57 refer to? diet-labelled drinks (lines 56-57) _______________________________________________ P.3 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 146 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 14. What can ‘Yet’ in line 74 be replaced by? A. In short B. Secondly C. However D. In addition A B C D P.3 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 147 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 15. What is the writer’s attitude towards a soft-drink tax? A. neutral B. positive (lines 94-95) C. negative D. doubtful A B C D P.4 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 148 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 16. According to the information given in the article, how will the following people react to/benefit from the proposed tax on soft drinks? (3 marks) P.4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 149 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) They will drink less soft drinks. Consumers _______________________________________ (lines 22-23)/They will have a strong reaction to _________________________________________________ paying more. (lines 80-82) _________________________________________________ (1) They will oppose it because it Sugar farmers _____________________________________ reduces demand for their product. (lines 78-80) _________________________________________________ The tax will help cover the cost of US government(1) ____________________________________ expanding health insurance coverage for all _________________________________________________ Americans. (lines 85-87)/It will help pay for US health _________________________________________________ care reforms. (lines 19-22) _________________________________________________ P.4 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 150 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 17. Complete the following summary of paragraphs 6-7 of the newspaper article. Use ONE word for each blank. (Hyphenated words counts as one word.) Make sure your answers are grammatically correct. (16 marks) P.4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 151 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) US (line 38) have provided to a Various studies in the _______________ (1) link (line 54) between soft drinks and ____________ (1) obesity (line 55) ______________ (1) 18-year-old (line 40) teenager One study noted that an _______________________ (1) 6/six (line 42) kg more today weight an average of __________________ (1) counterparts (line 41) from ________________ (1) thirty (line 41) than their _____________________ years ago, even though the modern day teenager isn’t (1) taller (line 40) . significantly ________________ P.4 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 152 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) calorie (line 43)/ However, over this same period, the daily _______________ caloric (line 43) (1) 70 (line 44) consumption from soft drinks has leapt from _____________ (1) 190 (line 45) . to ______________ In addition, another study by the University of Texas has (1) diet yielded some surprising results: ___________________ soft drinks (line 47) were found to __________________ ________________ (1) health (line 48) risk than the ‘regular’ pose a bigger ________________ (1) sweetened (line 48) ones, ____________________ P.4 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 153 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) mistook (line 56) the possibly because people ____________________ (1) diet-labelled (line 56) _________________________ one as slimming products. P.4 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 154 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 18. Which of the items shown in the pictures below would the economist Arthur Cecil Pigou advocate as ‘proper objects of taxation’? Mark each picture with a tick (✓) in the box if it falls into this category and a cross (✗) if it does not. (5 marks) P.5 http://www.aristo.com.hk 155 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being (1) A Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) X B (para 8/line 70) (para 8/lines 67-68) (1) C X (para 8/line 70) P.5 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 156 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being (1) D Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) E (para 8/line 70) (para 8/lines 67-68) P.5 TEXT 1 http://www.aristo.com.hk 157 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Two friends are discussing Peter Kammerer’s article. Complete their conversation with suitable words or expressions from the box below. Use each answer ONCE only. The first one has been done for you as an example. (11 marks) P.6 http://www.aristo.com.hk 158 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (i) This speech act reflects the content of paragraph 2 of the source text. (ii) The second sentence begins with ‘these drinks’ – this refers to I didn’t know that ____________ . D ‘drinks’ that have just been These drinks are putting people’s mentioned. Look for a phrase that begins with a plural noun – ‘drinks’ health at risk! or ‘soft drinks’. (1) B And it (19) __________ . Obesity can lead to diabetes and heart disease. This (1) Kincreases medical (20) ___________ (1) ?G costs, (21) ____________ OPTION P.6 http://www.aristo.com.hk 159 Unit 2 Health and Well-being (1) A (22) __________ I strongly agree with Obama’s plan to tax soft drinks. It has the potential to (23) (1) H __________ for the government. DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing But I think the aim of taxing unhealthy soft drinks is not just to generate cash, (1) F but (24) __________ a healthy lifestyle. OPTION P.6 http://www.aristo.com.hk 161 Unit 2 Health and Well-being I see what you mean, but I don’t think it is likely that it will help cut down people’s soft drink consumption, (25) (1) C __________ ? DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Actually, I think it’ll work. You (1) J Hong Kong’s can (26) _________ (1) E of tax on plastic bags. (27) _________ the environmental levy, plastic bag consumption at two major (1) I supermarket chains has (28) _______ 90%! OPTION P.6 http://www.aristo.com.hk 163 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) L a soft-drink tax (29) __________ would work! OPTION END OF PART A http://www.aristo.com.hk P.6 165 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Choose either Part B1 (easy section) or Part B2 (difficult section). Part B1 Read Text 2 and answer questions 30-41. (46 marks) TEXT 2 P.7 http://www.aristo.com.hk 167 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 30. What does Pamela do? A. gives advice to people B. publishes her own stories C. maintains a website D. comments on current affairs A B C D P.7 http://www.aristo.com.hk 168 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 31. What type of content do the letters feature? A. tips about looking good B. comments, personal stories, worries (line 4 + content of letters) C. personal experiences related to losing weight D. the definition of beauty in today’s society A B C D P.7 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 169 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 32. What does ‘they’ in message ‘A’, line 9 refer to? contact lenses (line 8) _______________________________________________ P.7 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 170 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (line 14) 33. Look at how ‘overwhelming’ is used in message ‘C’ and decide which of the definitions below is closest in meaning. A. confusing B. powerful C. intimidating D. fascinating A B C D P.7 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 171 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 34. Decide whether the following statements are True, False or the information is Not Given in message ‘C’. Put a tick (✓) in the appropriate column. (3 marks) Statement True (lines 17-18) (a) The writer is going to go on diet. (b) The writer’s friends advise her to work on her weight. (line 17) False NG (1) ✓ (1) ✓ 54 kg is considered overweight for people of 155 cm. (1) ✓ P.7 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 172 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 35. In message ‘D’, what does ‘don’t judge a book by its cover’ mean? don’t judge a person by how they look/their _______________________________________________ physical appearance _______________________________________________ P.7 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 173 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 36. Which words or expressions in message ‘E’ mean the same as the following: (3 marks) a) chose (1) opted _____________ for (line 24) ____________ b) bothered (1) troubled (line 23) __________________________ (1) the latter (line 24) c) the second choice ____________ _____________ P.8 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 174 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 37. Why did the writer of message ‘F’ write the letter? A. to ask for help B. to thank Pamela (lines 27&29) C. to share his problems D. to recommend good eating habits A B C D P.8 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 175 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 38. Look for words in message ‘G’ which are the opposite in meaning to: (3 marks) a. thickset (1) slender (line 31) _____________________ b. occasionally (1) regularly (line 31) _____________________ c. drained (1) refreshed (line 32) _____________________ P.8 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 176 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 39. Complete the summary of message ‘B’ and ‘H’ below . Use ONE word for each blank. (Hyphenated words counts as one word.) Make sure your answers are grammatically correct. (14 marks) P.8 http://www.aristo.com.hk 177 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) hair (line 10) problem. She is Dorothy has a body _______________ (1) afraid (line 12)/ (1) treatment (line 12) , ______________ worried (line 12) that her upcoming ___________________ (1) successful (line 13) which is her first, ,may not be _______________________ . (1) angst (line 10)/ This is causing her a lot of __________________ anxiety (line 10) - she doesn’t (1) money (line 13) if there is no want to waste her _____________________ (1) difference (line 12) afterwards. ____________________ P.4 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 178 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Belinda’s concern is with a treatment programme she has (1) signed (line 35) (1) withdraw (line 38) _____________________ on. She wants to _____________ from the programme for which she has paid a big (1) deposit (line 35) . She believes that the ___________________ _____________________ (1) slimming (line 37) centre has ___________________ (1) reduced (line 37) her treatments deliberately to make her miss her monthly (1) target (line 37) , thereby losing her chances weight-loss _________________ (1) refund (line 34) she was promised. to claim the full _________________ P.4 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 179 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 40. Pamela has written replies for each of the letters she received. Read the following replies, matching each with ONE of the letters on pages 6-7 of the ‘Reading Passages’ pack. Use each letter once only. The first is given to you as an example. (7 marks) P.9 http://www.aristo.com.hk 180 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing e.g. Your mother does have a point. If not cleaned A (a) properly, contact lens can cause eye infections. Why not talk to your mother and reassure her (lines 8-9) that you’ll take good care of them? (b) That’s great news! Thanks for telling us about this, and keep me posted about your acne. Maybe other readers with the same problem can also try this. (1) F (line 28) P.9 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 181 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing If you do think that they’re deceiving you, you should launch a complaint with the (c) Consumer Council. They are there to protect consumer rights. (1) H (lines 38-39) If you’re having your treatment at a (1) (d) registered centre, you should be fine. Talk to B the doctor about your worries when you go for (lines 12-13) your first treatment, and take his or her advice. P.9 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 182 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing You sound like a very proactive person – tackling a problem ‘head’ on! Thanks for (e) sharing your story with us. It’s definitely encouraging to those suffering from the same problem. I’d love to see your new look! I’m pleased to hear from a girl who knows (f) that her health is very important. You’re right; thin and weak is not healthy or attractive. (1) E (lines 24-26) (1) C (line 18) P.9 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 183 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Yes, it’s a great form of exercise. I would (g) highly recommend it to all of you. It’s relaxing and a great deal of fun! (1) G (line 30) Your classmates sound very unpleasant. Beauty is only skin deep and we are all unique. If (1) you’re confident, you’ll look beautiful. If (h) your classmates keep on calling you names, D (lines 19-20) you should tell your form teacher as this is bullying. P.9 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 184 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 41. Complete the information summary below. Identify the problems expressed in the letters and if the writers feel positive or negative about their current situations. Quote ONE piece of evidence to justify your response. Write down what each of the writers has done or may do to address their problems. Some of the details have been completed to help you. (10 marks) P.10 http://www.aristo.com.hk 185 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Message Problem C pressure to lose weight (lines 15-16) __________________________________________________ D appearance (line 21) __________________________________________________ E (1) thinning hair (line 23) __________________________________________________ F (1) acne (line 27) __________________________________________________ P.10 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 186 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Message Feeling C (1) positive __________________________________________________ D (1) negative __________________________________________________ E (1) positive __________________________________________________ F __________________________________________________ positive P.10 http://www.aristo.com.hk 187 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Message Supporting quote from the passage C (1) my weight is within the normal range (line 18) __________________________________________________ D Some of my classmates call me names and I feel worthless. __________________________________________________ (lines 19-20) (lines 24-25) E I feel really good about myself now. __________________________________________________ F (1) I’m hoping my condition will keep on improving. __________________________________________________ (line 28) P.10 TEXT 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 188 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Message Solution C maintain a healthy weight (line 18) __________________________________________________ D (1) plastic surgery (line 21) __________________________________________________ E (1) shaved his head (lines 23-24) __________________________________________________ F (1) changing eating habits/avoid greasy and spicy __________________________________________________ foods (line 28) TEXT 2 END OF PART B1 http://www.aristo.com.hk P.10 189 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Part B2 Read Text 3 and answer questions 42-50. (18 marks) TEXT 3 P.11 http://www.aristo.com.hk 190 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 42. Where does the main character of the song come from? England (line 4) ________________________________________________ P.11 TEXT 3 http://www.aristo.com.hk 191 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 43. Which verse does each of the following descriptions refer to? Write the correct numbers (1-4) in the spaces below. One has been done for you as an example. (4 marks) (1) 3 The lyricist first defines what makes a heroic person. ______ refrain The lyricist first mentions his/her lawful status in ______ New York. (1) 1 The lyricist compares his/her eating habits to those of a ______ New Yorker. (1) 4 The lyricist talks about personal qualities that he/she feels ______ are not common in New York. (1) 2 The lyricist describes himself/herself strolling down a street. ______ P.11 http://www.aristo.com.hk 192 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 44. According to the song, in which city is Fifth Avenue? New York (lines 4-5) ________________________________________________ P.11 TEXT 3 http://www.aristo.com.hk 193 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 45. What are the four virtues mentioned in the song? (2 marks) (0.5) modesty (line 13) a. _________________________ (0.5) propriety (line 13) b. _________________________ (0.5) gentleness (line 15) c. _________________________ (0.5) sobriety (line 15) d. _________________________ P.11 TEXT 3 http://www.aristo.com.hk 194 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 46. Which word is used by the main character to refer to himself as coming from another country? alien (refrain, line 1) ________________________________________________ P.11 TEXT 3 http://www.aristo.com.hk 195 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 47. Look through ALL the verses of the song for words or expressions to match these definitions: (5 marks) (1) accent (line 3) a. ________________ (1) a walking cane (n) a distinctive way of speaking b. (line ________________ 6) (n) a stick used as an aid in walking (1) legal (refrain) c. ________________ (adj) lawful ignorance (line 11) (n) a lack of knowledge d. (1) ________________ confront (line 19) e. (1) ________________ (v) face P.11 TEXT 3 http://www.aristo.com.hk 196 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 48. Why do you think the writer regards ‘having manners’ as heroic? Use a line from the song lyrics as your answer. He thinks/Because ‘It takes a man to suffer ________________________________________________ ignorance and smile’. (line 11) ________________________________________________ 49. If you were the main character in the song, would you feel positive or negative about your differences? Give a reason for your answer. Write in a complete sentence. (2 marks) (sample response) I would feel positive because _______________________________________________ I enjoy being unique/distinctive. _______________________________________________ P.12 TEXT 3 http://www.aristo.com.hk 197 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 50. What do you think the message of the song is? (2 marks) (sample response) Always be yourself no ________________________________________________ matter where you are or what other people say. ________________________________________________ End of questions for Text 3 http://www.aristo.com.hk P.12 198 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Read Text 4 and answer questions 51-61. (42 marks) TEXT 4 P.13 http://www.aristo.com.hk 199 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 51. This text is about … A. eating disorders B. Laurie Penny’s fight against anorexia C. causes of obesity in Western countries D. causes of obesity in developing countries A B C D P.13 http://www.aristo.com.hk 200 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 52. Complete the table below about the people mentioned in the article. Some answers have been completed as examples. (4 marks) P.13 http://www.aristo.com.hk 201 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Who are they The project or treatment they were involved in (1) (a) Harold volunteer participant (line 52) (line 52) an experiment to study the effects of prolonged starvation on healthy male adults Name (b) Sing Lee Laurie Penny (lines 47-48) (1) professor (from the Chinese University of Hong Kong) (grey box) co-authored a report on eating disorders (in Hong Kong) (c) (d) (1) accountant (1) treated for anorexia nervosa (lines 23-26) (lines 20-21) (grey box) P.13 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 202 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 53. Complete the summary of below of paragraphs 1 -3 of the article. Fill in the blanks using words that can be found in paragraphs 1 – 3. Use ONE word for each blank. (Hyphenated words counts as one word.) (10 marks) P.13 http://www.aristo.com.hk 203 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) developing (line 3) In 2001, it was estimated that ____________________ (1) third (line 3) of the obese adult countries contirbuted to a ______________ (1) obesity (line 4) is an issue population. The truth is that ___________________ (1) wealthy (line 1) and common to both __________________ _______________ (1) poor (line 1) countries. In general, the causes of obesity (1) social (line 11) are quite complex – it can be due to ____________________ , (1) genetic (line 11) or ________________________ (1) psychological (line 11) factors, or _______________ others. P.13 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 204 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing In the case of poorly developed countries, the picture is more simplistic. Obesity is often linked to limited food choice with low-income families being able to afford cheap food that often (1) fat (line 7) has high ___________________ content. This also explains (1) poverty (line 5) why ____________________ often tied to obesity in certain sectors of society. P.13 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 205 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 54. According to information from paragraph 5, why did Laurie regard mirrors as her enemies? She regarded mirrors as her enemies because ________________________________________________ they made her conscious of how horrid she ________________________________________________ looked. (lines 16-18) ________________________________________________ P.14 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 206 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 55. Look at how the words and expressions below are used in the article. Decide which of the options provided is closest in meaning and blacken ONE circle only. (3 marks) Line Word / Expression Meaning (1) (a) 1 globesity global obesity gloomy reality glowing intensity P.14 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 207 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Line Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Word / Expression Meaning (1) (b) 28 by-product side effect good value hidden truth mental pains (c) 53 physical discomfort (1) body pains exhaustion P.14 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 208 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 56. Here is a list of suggested alterations for a slightly different version of the article. Fill each gap with ONE word. Refer to the paragraph and line number specified for the specific ideas. One has been done for you as an example. (6 marks) P.14 http://www.aristo.com.hk 209 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Hannah’s eating disorder may have been (1) experiences caused by traumatic ________________ she (1)aschild suffered ________________ . Her selfpara 8 / lines 37-40 esteem was dangerously (1) low _______________ and (1)tostarve she felt suicidal, attempting ______________ herself to death. P.14 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 210 Unit 2 Health and Well-being para 12 / line 56 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing (1) Despite _________________ this illness having serious (1) many consequences, _________________ family doctors do not take it seriously. P.14 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 211 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 57. Look at how the words/expressions below are used and briefly explain what they refer to in the article. (3 marks) Word / Expression (a) this eating disorder Line 14 Reference (1) anorexia nervosa (line 13) P.15 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 212 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Word / Expression (b) (c) Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Line Reference it 20 (1) starving myself/herself (to death) (line 19) the men 48 (1) the 36 healthy male adults (line 47) P.15 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 213 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 58. Look for words from paragraphs 8 and 9 which mean the opposite of the following: (3 marks) a) care (1) abuse (line 38) _____________________ b) short term (1) prolonged (line 42) _____________________ c) harmless (1) lethal (line 41) _____________________ P.15 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 214 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 59. According to the text, what is anorexia nervosa? the disorder of chronic self starvation (lines 25-26) ________________________________________________ P.15 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 215 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 60. What is the writer’s opinion on dealing with eating disorders? (2 mark) (1) As well as dealing with global obesity, ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ anorexia should also be dealt with (1) as it is one ________________________________________________ of the most deadly and the subtlest of mental ________________________________________________ illnesses. (lines 62-63) P.15 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 216 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 61. Which characters would you attribute the following to? Justify each of your answers by quoting one sentence or phrase from the text. Some have been done for you as examples. (8 marks) P.16 http://www.aristo.com.hk 217 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing P.16 http://www.aristo.com.hk 218 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Most likely speaker A B (1) (professor) Sing Lee Sam Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Supporting sentence / phrase (1) A report co-authored by professor Sing Lee from the Chinese University of Hong Kong … (grey box) (1) I went to my GP early on and told her that I couldn’t eat … (lines 57-58) P.16 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 219 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Most likely speaker C (1) Laurie Penny Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Supporting sentence / phrase (1) and another three years to make a full recovery (lines 24-25) D (1) Harold (1) the experiment was highly distressing … food became the one central and only thing really in one’s life (lines 52-53) P.16 TEXT 4 http://www.aristo.com.hk 220 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Most likely speaker E (1) Hannah Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Supporting sentence / phrase (1) I think I just wanted the physical symptoms to kill me … (line 39) TEXT 4 END OF PART B2 http://www.aristo.com.hk P.16 221 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing PAPER 2 http://www.aristo.com.hk 222 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing You have two hours to answer Question 1 and ONE question from Part B. Part A (10% of the subject mark) P.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 223 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 1. Write about 180-200 words on the following topic: You are chairperson of the Sports Society in school. Sports Day is approaching. Last year many students felt ill after snacking and lunching on crisps, fatty foods and fizzy drinks on Sports Day. In addition, quite a few athletes felt ill during the day and as a result, did not perform well in their events. P.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 224 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing You have been asked by the principal to write an information leaflet about Sports Day that is going to be posted on your school’s website. Below is the first page of the information leaflet. Complete the second page of the leaflet (shown on page 3) by writing one short paragraph for each of sections 4, 5 and 6. For section 6, you should choose a suitable topic and give a heading. LEAFLET P.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 225 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Your information leaflet is going to be read by all the students in your school, and by anyone accessing your school’s website. Therefore make sure that your tone and language choice are appropriate. P.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 226 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the mind map on page 20 to organise vocabulary AND ideas relevant to your writing. MIND MAP P.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 227 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases tired unfortunately sugar/fat laden affect feel ill healthy and tasty wisely packed lunch good/poor choice healthy healthy lunch expensive and unhealthy exciting feel energised strongly advised/recommended sensibly healthy snacks a lot of fun regrettably greasy and oily plan what to bring Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. P.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 228 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases a healthy body and mind fresh fruit and seasonal vegetables large amounts of sugar, fat and salt replenish (one’s) energy/water loss comfort/wholesome/junk/fatty food Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. P.18 http://www.aristo.com.hk 229 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 1. Write about 180-200 words. P.19 http://www.aristo.com.hk 230 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 4. Food and drinks: Last year many students brought P.19 http://www.aristo.com.hk 231 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 5. Junk food and fizzy drinks: Junk food and fizzy drinks contain P.19 http://www.aristo.com.hk 232 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 6. Sports Day is a major school event that is a lot of fun for everyone. To ensure it runs smoothly and that you enjoy the day, it is important that you follow the instructions and advice in this information leaflet! P.19 MODEL ESSAY http://www.aristo.com.hk 233 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Underline key information in the question and the information leaflet. Use the mind map below to organise vocabulary AND ideas relevant to your writing. MIND MAP P.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 234 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the suggested writing plan below to help write your information leaflet. SUGGESTED WRITING PLAN P.20 http://www.aristo.com.hk 235 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Part B (15% of the subject mark) Write about 380-400 words on any ONE of the following topics: 2. Learning English through Workplace Communication You are Chris Wong. You work for a newspaper. You have received the following message from your editor. MESSAGE P.21 http://www.aristo.com.hk 236 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* schedule seminar effective deadline(s) goals organisation workflow self-starter time management potential strategies efficiently skill disappointed pressure from avoid result in regular breaks focus life skills healthy snacks achieve cope better sufficient sleep * Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. http://www.aristo.com.hk P.21 237 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* practise last minute be exam-smart alert and attentive stressed full potential quiet atmosphere does not guarantee realistic wisely participate in balanced lifestyle use your time exhausted enough space no short cuts optimise/maximise your time ‘all work, no play makes Jack a dull boy’ * Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. P.21 http://www.aristo.com.hk 238 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the mind map below to organise vocabulary AND ideas relevant to your writing. MIND MAP P.21 http://www.aristo.com.hk 239 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the suggested writing plan below to help write your article. Remember: the purpose of this article is to inform and motivate readers. SUGGESTED WRITING PLAN MODEL ESSAY P.22 http://www.aristo.com.hk 240 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 3. Learning English through Debating You are working on a project about health and well-being. Your teacher has organised a class debate and the motion is: Under-eating is not as serious as over-eating. Write a debate speech for this motion, clearly stating your opinion, and why. P.23 http://www.aristo.com.hk 241 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* Good morning/afternoon/evening … Mr/Madam Chairperson Opponents of the motion may argue … I would like to begin by … I would like to first define the motion accept/decline I would like to raise new arguments I agree/disagree with today’s motion floor debate/reply I believe * Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. P.23 http://www.aristo.com.hk 242 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* I would ask you to consider the following … So my (second) point is … Surely … Thus my stand towards … a flawed argument However/Nevertheless … Besides/In addition/Moreover … Similarly … Incidentally … Another point worth considering/mentioning … * Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. P.23 http://www.aristo.com.hk 243 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* tired obesity epidemic In my view … obese chronic disease(s) I would like to emphasise … obesity long-term problems It is worth considering … irritable fit and healthy I would suggest that … excessive lack of energy We need to be aware of … self-esteem unable to study What is the effect of … malnutrition fast food culture It is commonly believed that … * Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. P.23 http://www.aristo.com.hk 244 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* early death unable to concentrate balanced diet pressure from magazines If we consider the … peer pressure serious medical problems So to conclude, … heart problems not attractive to be too thin That is, however … I have my reservations about … * Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. P.23 http://www.aristo.com.hk 245 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the mind map below to organise vocabulary AND ideas relevant to your writing. MIND MAP P.23 http://www.aristo.com.hk 246 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the suggested writing plan below to help write your debate speech. Remember: a debate speech is argumentative and persuasive, so it should present your opinion and persuade/convince your audience to agree with you. SUGGESTED WRITING PLAN MODEL ESSAY P.24 http://www.aristo.com.hk 247 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 4. Learning English through Popular Culture You are Chris Wong. Many students in your school are not as healthy as they could be. Your class teacher, Ms Fung, has been inspired by Health Buddies, a popular reality TV show which features friends working together to kick unhealthy habits and get in shape. She has suggested that each student choose a Health Buddy in school for one month as part of a Health Buddy Scheme. P.25 http://www.aristo.com.hk 248 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Health Buddies will • help each other make healthy food choices • support each other’s efforts to be more healthy • encourage each other to do more activities or sports P.25 http://www.aristo.com.hk 249 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Choose your Health Buddy and write an email to him or her, inviting him/her to be your Health Buddy, explaining the benefits of the Health Buddy Scheme and your ideas on what you could do together. Do NOT write any email addresses. P.25 http://www.aristo.com.hk 250 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* active healthy lifestyles healthy and strong trendy social norm leisure fad peer pressure public image/opinion cult underweight/overweight positive influence productive pressure/support/acceptance/recognition fashionable general (mis)conception reality TV show *Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. P.25 http://www.aristo.com.hk 251 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* rethink great to … common consensus walking health risks healthy lunchbox(es) bonding eating habits will run for nutrition fun activities wouldn’t it be strenuous go swimming take-away food supportive without feeling play table tennis meet up become healthier hang out together revert to (un)healthy snacks motivate others to *Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. http://www.aristo.com.hk P.25 252 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* support each other can think about … recess and lunchtime boost immune system easy to give in a good example to healthy and productive life eat more/less than we should *Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. http://www.aristo.com.hk P.25 253 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the flow chart below to organise vocabulary AND ideas relevant to your writing. P.25 http://www.aristo.com.hk 254 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Who are you & who are you writing to? Reason for writing P.25 http://www.aristo.com.hk 255 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Suggestions & examples Benefits P.25 http://www.aristo.com.hk 256 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the suggested writing plan below to help write your email. Remember: your email to your schoolmate is an invitation as well as an exposition so you need to explain ideas with facts and examples. SUGGESTED WRITING PLAN MODEL ESSAY P.26 http://www.aristo.com.hk 257 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing 5. Learning English through Social Issues You have read with concern that the number of problems caused by irresponsible social drinking* is rising. You think many teens are misled into thinking some alcohol drinks have low or no alcohol content. In addition, you think that alcohol advertising targets young people, and you believe this is wrong. Write a letter to the editor of your local newspaper about your concerns, the problems that may arise if the number of young drinkers keeps rising, and your suggestions on how to deal with/address this problem. * Social drinking refers to the consumption of alcohol in a measured and responsible manner while interacting with friends/acquaintances. P.27 http://www.aristo.com.hk 258 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* social obligations/discontentment/upheaval/consequences issues and concerns disgruntled youth unrest and chaos alcohol abuse important to guidance long-term problems drunken independent do not understand consequences mature misleading young and impressionable alcoholism is a serious addiction potential threats lack of education serious repercussions * Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. http://www.aristo.com.hk P.27 259 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* alert greatly concerned detrimental dire consequences (an) alcoholic family relationships advertisements misleading packaging sugary taste unwanted pregnancies drink driving decision-making ability strongly suggest irresponsible marketing alcohol poisoning disputes and fights * Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. http://www.aristo.com.hk P.27 260 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Useful words and phrases* the impression that … high risk behaviours loss of consciousness next generation is at risk alcohol is a powerful drug should alert young people to … many young people are unaware … * Vocabulary related to the specified Elective printed in bold. For a full listing of useful vocabulary and language examples, refer to the Appendices. Words used in sample writing highlighted in red. P.27 http://www.aristo.com.hk 261 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the flow chart below to organise vocabulary AND ideas relevant to your writing. P.27 http://www.aristo.com.hk 262 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Who are you & who are you writing to? Reason(s) for writing Facts and/examples P.27 http://www.aristo.com.hk 263 Unit 2 Health and Well-being DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Suggestions + call for action P.27 http://www.aristo.com.hk 264 DEVELOPING SKILLS Set B Book 5 Unit 2 Health and Well-being Papers 1 & 2 Reading and Writing Use the suggested writing plan below to help write your letter to the editor. Remember: a letter to the editor is argumentative writing, and argumentative writing is persuasive writing; your letter should present your opinion, and it should persuade/convince readers to agree with you. SUGGESTED WRITING PLAN MODEL ESSAY END OF PRACTICE PAPER (WRITING) http://www.aristo.com.hk P.28 265